概念
基本映射就是对一个实体类进行映射,但是关联映射就是处理过个实体类之间的关系,将他们之间的关联关系映射到数据库中。
映射语句
对于多对一映射:
<many-to-one name="属性名" class="关联的实体类" column="数据库对应的字段">
注意:如果要关联的实体类和映射的此类没有在一个包底下,一定要在class中写完整的类路径,要不将会映射失败报错。
<hibernate-mapping package="com.vipcpi">
<class name="Product" table="product_">
<id name="id" column="id">
<generator class="native">
</generator>
</id>
<property name="name" />
<property name="price" />
<!--此处便是完整的包路径-->
<many-to-one name="category" class="com.vipcpi.category.Category" column="cid"></many-to-one>
</class>
</hibernate-mapping>
关联实体类Category和Product的映射文件一样
<hibernate-mapping package="com.vipcpi.category">
<class name="Category" table="category">
<id name="id" column="id">
<generator class="native">
</generator>
</id>
<property name="name" />
</class>
多对一映射原理
多的一端维护关联关系,在“多”的一端加入一个外键,指向“一”的一端。多的一端持有一的一端的引用,即在“多”的一端加外键,指向“一”的一端。
对象模型具有方向性,通过下图我们可以看到,通过产品我们可以看到分组情况,但是反过来我们通过组并没有看到产品信息
怎么理解?当我们拿到产品时就可以直接拿到他的组, hibernate在访问多的一端时候,会自动加载关联对象,对于产品Product来说,他的关联对象就是组category。
纯贴出代码:
Category类
package com.vipcpi.category;
public class Category {
int id;
String name;
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
}
Category.hbm.xml
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping package="com.vipcpi.category">
<class name="Category" table="category">
<id name="id" column="id">
<generator class="native">
</generator>
</id>
<property name="name" />
</class>
</hibernate-mapping>
Product类
package com.vipcpi;
import com.vipcpi.category.Category;
public class Product {
int id;
String name;
float price;
Category category;
public Category getCategory() {
return category;
}
public void setCategory(Category category) {
this.category = category;
}
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public float getPrice() {
return price;
}
public void setPrice(float price) {
this.price = price;
}
}
Product.hbm.xml
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping package="com.vipcpi">
<class name="Product" table="product_">
<id name="id" column="id">
<generator class="native">
</generator>
</id>
<property name="name" />
<property name="price" />
<many-to-one name="category" class="com.vipcpi.category.Category" column="cid"></many-to-one>
</class>
</hibernate-mapping>
hibernate.cfg.xml
<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-configuration>
<session-factory>
<!-- Database connection settings -->
<property name="connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property>
<property name="connection.url">jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test?characterEncoding=UTF-8</property>
<property name="connection.characterEncoding">utf-8</property>
<property name="connection.username">root</property>
<property name="connection.password">root</property>
<!-- SQL dialect -->
<property name="dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</property>
<property name="current_session_context_class">thread</property>
<property name="show_sql">true</property>
<property name="hbm2ddl.auto">update</property>
<mapping resource="com/vipcpi/category/Category.hbm.xml"/>
<mapping resource="com/vipcpi/Product.hbm.xml" />
</session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>
测试类
package com.vipcpi.test;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;
import com.vipcpi.Product;
import com.vipcpi.category.Category;
public class CheckPro {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SessionFactory sf=new Configuration().configure().buildSessionFactory();
Session s=sf.openSession();
s.beginTransaction();
Category cate=new Category();
cate.setName("Camer");
s.save(cate);
Product p=(Product) s.get(Product.class, 4);
p.setCategory(cate);
s.update(p);
s.getTransaction().commit();
s.close();
sf.close();
}
}