实现TextField说简单也简单,说有坑,坑也不小,下面从易到难介绍一下使用
1.最简单的就是无参数调用构造方法:
TextField()
2.光有输入框还不行,还得获取其中的内容,所以需要传递controller:
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import 'package:flutter/material.dart';
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class TextFieldPage extends StatelessWidget {
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Widget buildTextField(TextEditingController controller) {
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return TextField(
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controller: controller,
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);
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}
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@override
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Widget build(BuildContext context) {
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final controller = TextEditingController();
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controller.addListener(() {
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print('input ${controller.text}');
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});
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return Scaffold(
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appBar: AppBar(
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title: Text('TextField'),
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),
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body: Padding(
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padding: const EdgeInsets.all(20.0),
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child: buildTextField(controller),
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),
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);
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}
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}
我通过给controller添加通知来获取TextField的值,这种使用场景不一定合适,更多的时候是在点击按钮的时候直接读取controller.text的值
3.另外TextFiled还有一下小的属性:
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import 'package:flutter/material.dart';
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import 'package:flutter/services.dart';
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class TextFieldPage extends StatelessWidget {
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Widget buildTextField(TextEditingController controller) {
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return TextField(
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controller: controller,
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maxLength: 30,//最大长度,设置此项会让TextField右下角有一个输入数量的统计字符串
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maxLines: 1,//最大行数
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autocorrect: true,//是否自动更正
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autofocus: true,//是否自动对焦
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obscureText: true,//是否是密码
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textAlign: TextAlign.center,//文本对齐方式
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style: TextStyle(fontSize: 30.0, color: Colors.blue),//输入文本的样式
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inputFormatters: [WhitelistingTextInputFormatter.digitsOnly],//允许的输入格式
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onChanged: (text) {//内容改变的回调
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print('change $text');
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},
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onSubmitted: (text) {//内容提交(按回车)的回调
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print('submit $text');
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},
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enabled: true,//是否禁用
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);
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}
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@override
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Widget build(BuildContext context) {
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final controller = TextEditingController();
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controller.addListener(() {
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print('input ${controller.text}');
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});
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return Scaffold(
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appBar: AppBar(
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title: Text('TextField'),
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),
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body: Padding(
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padding: const EdgeInsets.all(20.0),
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child: buildTextField(controller),
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),
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);
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}
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}
4.接着我还能显示placeholder
decoration可以给TextField添加装饰
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TextField(
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decoration:
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InputDecoration(fillColor: Colors.blue.shade100, filled: true, labelText: 'Hello'),
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);
fillColor设置填充颜色,labelText设置标签文字,这个标签在没有输入的时候是占满输入框的,当输入聚焦以后,就会缩小到输入框左上角:
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TextField(
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decoration: InputDecoration(
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fillColor: Colors.blue.shade100, filled: true, hintText: 'Hello', errorText: 'error'),
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);
hintText就是普通的placeholder,输入后就不显示了,errorText是错误提示
5.还能显示一些别的装饰
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import 'package:flutter/material.dart';
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class TextFieldPage extends StatelessWidget {
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Widget buildTextField() {
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return TextField(
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decoration: InputDecoration(
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fillColor: Colors.blue.shade100,
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filled: true,
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helperText: 'help',
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prefixIcon: Icon(Icons.local_airport),
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suffixText: 'airport'),
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);
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}
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@override
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Widget build(BuildContext context) {
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return Scaffold(
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appBar: AppBar(
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title: Text('TextField'),
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),
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body: Padding(
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padding: const EdgeInsets.all(20.0),
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child: buildTextField(),
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),
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);
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}
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}
6.这些还不过瘾,我不喜欢这个安卓风格的下面的装饰线,我想变成圆角矩形的边框
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import 'package:flutter/material.dart';
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class TextFieldPage extends StatelessWidget {
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Widget buildTextField() {
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return TextField(
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decoration: InputDecoration(
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contentPadding: EdgeInsets.all(10.0),
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border: OutlineInputBorder(
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borderRadius: BorderRadius.circular(15.0),
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// borderSide: BorderSide(color: Colors.red, width: 3.0, style: BorderStyle.solid)//没什么卵效果
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)),
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);
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}
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@override
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Widget build(BuildContext context) {
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return Scaffold(
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appBar: AppBar(
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title: Text('TextField'),
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),
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body: Container(
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color: Colors.blue.shade100,
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child: Padding(
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padding: const EdgeInsets.all(30.0),
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child: buildTextField(),
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),
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),
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);
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}
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}
7.改变装饰线颜色
无论是下面的装饰线,还是矩形边框装饰线,对焦后显示的颜色,都是主题颜色的primaryColor,失去焦点以后就是黑色,这显然不能满足自定义的需求,但是通过各种努力发现,改变边框颜色很困难,最后发现了这个答案:https://stackoverflow.com/questions/49600139/how-to-change-textfield-underline-color
所以正确的设置边框颜色的方式是这样的:
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import 'package:flutter/material.dart';
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class TextFieldPage extends StatelessWidget {
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Widget buildTextField() {
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return Theme(
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data: new ThemeData(primaryColor: Colors.red, hintColor: Colors.blue),
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child: TextField(
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decoration: InputDecoration(
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contentPadding: EdgeInsets.all(10.0),
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border: OutlineInputBorder(
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borderRadius: BorderRadius.circular(15.0),
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// borderSide: BorderSide(color: Colors.red, width: 3.0, style: BorderStyle.solid)//没什么卵效果
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)),
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),
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);
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}
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@override
-
Widget build(BuildContext context) {
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return Scaffold(
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appBar: AppBar(
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title: Text('TextField'),
-
),
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body: Padding(
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padding: const EdgeInsets.all(30.0),
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child: buildTextField(),
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),
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);
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}
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}
8.改变边框的粗细
这些TextField的decoration彻底不能满足要求了,需要重构成这种方式:
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import 'package:flutter/material.dart';
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class TextFieldPage extends StatelessWidget {
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Widget buildTextField() {
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return Container(
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padding: const EdgeInsets.all(8.0),
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alignment: Alignment.center,
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height: 60.0,
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decoration: new BoxDecoration(
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color: Colors.blueGrey,
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border: new Border.all(color: Colors.black54, width: 4.0),
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borderRadius: new BorderRadius.circular(12.0)),
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child: new TextFormField(
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decoration: InputDecoration.collapsed(hintText: 'hello'),
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),
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);
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}
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@override
-
Widget build(BuildContext context) {
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return Scaffold(
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appBar: AppBar(
-
title: Text('TextField'),
-
),
-
body: Padding(
-
padding: const EdgeInsets.all(30.0),
-
child: buildTextField(),
-
),
-
);
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}
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}
InputDecoration.collapsed可以禁用装饰线,而是使用外面包围的Container的装饰线