Web Service 客户端的几种方式

由于Web Service 的SOAP协议是基于HTTP协议之上，因此所有基于HTTP的方式都能调用Web Service.
1、使用URLConnection发送请求.

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.net.URL;

public class WebserviceClientT {
    /**
     * 使用Connection 连接WebService
     * @param _url
     * @param _nameSpase
     * @param _methodName
     * @param _requestStr
     */
    public void UrlConnection2WebService(String _url, String _nameSpase, String _methodName, String _requestStr){
          //服务的地址
        URL wsUrl  = null;
        OutputStream os = null;
        InputStream is = null ;
        HttpURLConnection conn = null;
        try {
             wsUrl = new URL(_url);
             conn = (HttpURLConnection) wsUrl.openConnection();
             conn.setDoInput(true);
             conn.setDoOutput(true);
             conn.setRequestMethod("POST");
             conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "text/xml;charset=UTF-8");

             os = conn.getOutputStream();

                //请求体
                String soap = "<?xml version = \"1.0\" ?>"
                        + "<soapenv:Envelope xmlns:xsi=\"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance\" " 
                        + "xmlns:xsd=\"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema\" "
                        + "xmlns:soapenv=\"http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/\" "
                        + "xmlns:web=\""+_nameSpase+"\">"  
                        + "<soapenv:Header/>"
                        + "<soapenv:Body>"  
                        + "<web:"+_methodName+" soapenv:encodingStyle=\"http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/\">"  
                        + "<in0 xsi:type=\"web:"+ _methodName +"\">"
                        + _requestStr
                        + "</in0>" 
                        + "</web:"+_methodName+">"  
                        + "</soapenv:Body>" 
                        + "</soapenv:Envelope>";

              os.write(soap.getBytes());

              is = conn.getInputStream();

              byte[] b = new byte[1024];
              int len = 0;
              String result = "";
              while((len = is.read(b)) != -1){
                    String ss = new String(b,0,len,"UTF-8");
                    result += ss;
              }
              System.out.println("返回结果："+result);
        } catch (MalformedURLException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            try {
                is.close();
            } catch (IOException e1) {
                // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                e1.printStackTrace();
            }
            try {
                os.close();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            conn.disconnect();
        }

    }
}

二、使用HttpClient.

import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;

import org.apache.commons.httpclient.HttpClient;
import org.apache.commons.httpclient.HttpException;
import org.apache.commons.httpclient.methods.InputStreamRequestEntity;
import org.apache.commons.httpclient.methods.PostMethod;
import org.apache.commons.httpclient.methods.RequestEntity;
import org.dom4j.Document;
import org.dom4j.DocumentException;
import org.dom4j.DocumentHelper;
import org.dom4j.Element;
/**
 * http 请求方式,使用dom4j对返回结果的XML进行了解析
 * @author long
 */
public class WebserviceClient {
    /**
     * WebService只采用HTTP POST方式传输数据
     * @param _url  请求的url地址
     * @param _nameSpase    命名空间
     * @param _methodName   方法名称
     * @param _requestStr   请求数据
     */
    public static void Http2WebService(String _url, String _nameSpase, String _methodName, String _requestStr){
        String orderSoapXml = "<?xml version = \"1.0\" ?>"
                    + "<soapenv:Envelope xmlns:xsi=\"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance\" " 
                    + "xmlns:xsd=\"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema\" "
                    + "xmlns:soapenv=\"http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/\" "
                    + "xmlns:web=\""+_nameSpase+"\">"  
                    + "<soapenv:Header/>"
                    + "<soapenv:Body>"  
                    + "<web:"+_methodName+" soapenv:encodingStyle=\"http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/\">"  
                    + "<in0 xsi:type=\"web:"+ _methodName +"\">"
                    + _requestStr
                    + "</in0>" 
                    + "</web:"+_methodName+">"  
                    + "</soapenv:Body>" 
                    + "</soapenv:Envelope>";

        PostMethod postMethod = new PostMethod(_url);
        HttpClient httpClient = new HttpClient();
        try {

            byte[] b =orderSoapXml.toString().getBytes("UTF-8");
            //将请求读入inputstream
            InputStream is = new ByteArrayInputStream(b, 0, b.length);

            RequestEntity re = new InputStreamRequestEntity(is, b.length, "text/xml; charset=utf-8");

            postMethod.setRequestEntity(re);
            //获取状态码
            int statusCode = httpClient.executeMethod(postMethod);

            if(statusCode == 200) {
                System.out.println("调用成功！");
                String result = postMethod.getResponseBodyAsString();
//              System.out.println("调用结果："+ result);
                Document document = DocumentHelper.parseText(result);
                Element root = document.getRootElement();
                String str = root.getStringValue();
                System.out.println("返回结果："+str);
             } else {
                 System.out.println("调用失败！错误码：" + statusCode);
            }

        } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (HttpException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (DocumentException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            postMethod.releaseConnection();
        }
    }
}

三、使用Axis2的RPC方式.

import javax.xml.namespace.QName;

import org.apache.axis2.AxisFault;
import org.apache.axis2.addressing.EndpointReference;
import org.apache.axis2.client.Options;
import org.apache.axis2.rpc.client.RPCServiceClient;

public class Axis2Connection {
    /**
     * @param _url 请求地址
     * @param _request 请求数据
     * @param _namespaceURI 命名空间
     * @param _localPart 要调用的方法名
     */
    public static void rpcToWebService(String _url, String _request, String _namespaceURI, String _localPart){
         // 使用RPC方式调用WebService  
        RPCServiceClient serviceClient;
        String response = "";
        try {
            serviceClient = new RPCServiceClient();
            Options options = serviceClient.getOptions();
            //指定调用WebService的URL
            EndpointReference targetEPR = new EndpointReference(_url);
            options.setTo(targetEPR);
            //设置参数值
            Object[] opAddEntryArgs = new Object[]{_request};
            // 指定返回值的数据类型的Class对象  
            Class[] classes = new Class[]{String.class};
            //设置WSDL文件的命名空间及要调用的方法
            QName opAddEntry = new QName(_namespaceURI, _localPart);
            // RPCServiceClient类的invokeBlocking方法调用了WebService中的方法。
            //invokeBlocking方法有三个参数，
            //其中第一个参数的类型是QName对象，表示要调用的方法名；
            //第二个参数表示要调用的WebService方法的参数值，参数类型为Object[]；
            //第三个参数表示WebService方法的返回值类型的Class对象，参数类型为Class[]。
            //当方法没有参数时，invokeBlocking方法的第二个参数值不能是null，而要使用new Object[]{}。 
            Object[] objects = serviceClient.invokeBlocking(opAddEntry,opAddEntryArgs, classes);
            response = objects[0].toString();
        } catch (AxisFault e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        System.out.println("返回结果："+response);
    }
}

四、JavaScrip 的Ajax 方法.(安全性无保障)

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html >
    <head>
    <meta charset="utf-8"/>
        <title>通过ajax调用WebService服务</title>
        <script>
            var xhr = new ActiveXObject("Microsoft.XMLHTTP");

            function sendMsg(){
                //请求内容
                var requestStr = document.getElementById('requestStr').value;
                //服务的地址
                var wsUrl = 'http://127.0.0.1:8080/myservice/seyHello';
                //命名空间
                var nameSpase = "http://www.service.mywebservice.org";
                //方法名称
                var methodName = "hello";
                //请求体
                var soap = '<soapenv:Envelope xmlns:soapenv="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/" xmlns:q0="'+nameSpase+'" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">'
                + ' <soapenv:Body> <q0:'+methodName+'><arg0>'
                + requestStr
                +'</arg0></q0:'+methodName+'> </soapenv:Body> </soapenv:Envelope>';

                //打开连接
                xhr.open('POST',wsUrl,true);

                //重新设置请求头
                xhr.setRequestHeader("Content-Type","text/xml;charset=UTF-8");

                //设置回调函数
                xhr.onreadystatechange = _back;

                //发送请求
                xhr.send(soap);
            }

            function _back(){
                if(xhr.readyState == 4){
                    if(xhr.status == 200){
                            // alert('调用Webservice成功了');
                            var ret = xhr.responseXML;
                            // var msg = ret.getElementsByTagName('return')[0];
                            document.getElementById('showInfo').innerHTML = ret.text;
                            // alert(ret.text);
                        }
                }
            }
        </script>
    </head>
    <body>
            <input type="button" value="发送SOAP请求" onclick="sendMsg();">
            <input type="text" id="requestStr">
            <div id="showInfo">
            </div>
    </body>
</html>