Matplotlib常用绘图指令大全

常用配置: matplotlib.rcParams

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• A dictionary object including validation

    import matplotlib as mpl
    import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
    %matplotlib inline
    
    mpl.rcParams['font.sans-serifs'] = ['SimHei'] # 中文支持
    mpl.rcParams['axes.unicode_minus'] = False # 正常显示负号
    
    mpl.rcParams['lines.linewidth'] = 5 # 线条宽度
    mpl.rcParams['lines.color'] = 'red' # 线条颜色
    mpl.rcParams['lines.linestyle'] = '-' # 线条样式

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基本图形

直方图

• 查看分布规律
• plt.hist(x, bins)
  • x - array or sequence of (n,) arrays，数据data
  • bins - int or sequence or str, optional， 横坐标区间

    import matplotlib.pyplot as plt 
    %matplotlib inline
    
    height = [168, 155, 182, 170, 173, 161]
    bins = range(150,191,5)
    
    plt.hist(height, bins=bins)
    plt.show()

条形图

• 同类数据进行对比
• plt.bar(x, y)

    import matplotlib.pyplot as plt 
    %matplotlib inline
    
    classes = ['class 1', 'class 2', 'class 3']
    scores = [70, 80, 60]
    
    plt.bar(classes, scores)
    plt.show()

折线图

• 展示数据随某一指标变化的关系
• plt.plot(x, y)

    import matplotlib.pyplot as plt 
    %matplotlib inline
    
    plt.rcParams['font.sans-serif'] = ['SimHei']
    
    plt.plot(year, height)
    plt.title('身高随时间变化图')
    plt.show()

饼图

• 展示不同类在整体中所占的比重
• plt.pie(data, labels, autopct)
  • data - array or sequence of (n,) arrays，数据data
  • labels - list, optional, default: None，数据标签
  • autopct - None (default), string, or function, optional，占比计算

    import matplotlib.pyplot as plt 
    %matplotlib inline
    
    plt.rcParams['font.sans-serif'] = ['SimHei']
    
    labels = ['衣', '食', '住', '行' ]
    data &#