C++第六章

1. #include <iostream.h>
class Point
{public:
	Point(float x=0,float y=0);
	void setPoint(float,float);
	float getX() const
	{return x;}
	float getY() const
	{return y;}
	friend ostream & operator<<(ostream &output,Point &);
protected:
	float x,y;
};
Point::Point(float a,float b)
{
	x=a;y=b;
}
void Point::setPoint(float a,float b)
{
 x=a;y=b;
}
ostream & operator<<(ostream &output,Point &p)
{
 output<<"["<<p.x<<","<<p.y<<"]"<<endl;
 return output;
}
class Circle:public Point
{
public:
	Circle(float x,float y,float r):Point(x,y),radius(r){}
	void setRadius(float r)
	{radius=r;}
	float getRadius() const
	{return radius;}
	double area() const
	{
	 return 3.1415*radius*radius;
	}
	friend ostream & operator<<(ostream &output,Circle &);
protected:
	float radius;
};
ostream & operator<<(ostream &output,Circle &c)
{
	output<<"Center =["<<c.x<<","<<c.y<<"],r= "<<c.radius<<",area="<<c.area()<<endl;
	return output;
}
class Cylinder:public Circle
{
public:
	Cylinder(float x,float y,float r,float h):Circle(x,y,r),height(h){}
	void setHeight(float h)
	{height=h;}
	float getHeight() const
	{return height;}
	double area() const
	{
		return 2*Circle::area()+2*3.1415*radius*height; 
	}
	double volume() const
	{
	    return 3.1415*radius*radius*height;
	}
	friend ostream & operator<<(ostream &output,Cylinder &);
protected:
	float height;
};
ostream & operator<<(ostream &output,Cylinder &cy)
{
 output<<"Center=["<<cy.x<<cy.y<<"],r="<<cy.radius<<",h="<<cy.height<<"\narea="<<cy.area()<<",volume="<<cy.volume()<<endl;
 return output;
}
int main()
{
 Cylinder cy1(3.5,6.4,5.2,10);
 cout<<"original cylinder:\nx="<<cy1.getX()<<",y="<<cy1.getY()<<",r="<<cy1.getRadius()<<",h="<<cy1.getHeight()<<"\narea="<<cy1.area()<<",volume="<<cy1.volume()<<endl;
 cy1.setHeight(15);
 cy1.setRadius(7.5);
 cy1.setPoint(5,5);
 cout<<"\nnew cylinder:\n"<<cy1;
 Point &pRef=cy1;
 cout<<"\npRef as a point:"<<pRef;
 Circle &cRef=cy1;
 cout<<"\ncRef as a circle:"<<cRef;
 return 0;
}

<img src="https://img-blog.csdn.net/20150523170440738" alt="" />

3.(1) #include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class Point
{
 public:
	 Point(float a,float b):x(a),y(b){}
	 ~Point(){cout<<"executing Point destructor"<<endl;}
 private:
	 float x;
	 float y;
};
class Circle:public Point
{
public:
	Circle(float a,float b,float r):Point(a,b),radius(r){}
	~Circle(){cout<<"executing Circle destructor"<<endl;}
private:
	float radius;
};
int main()
{
 Point *p=new Circle(1,2,3);
 delete p;
 return 0;
}

<img src="https://img-blog.csdn.net/20150523170458788" alt="" />

(2)#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class Point
{
 public:
	 Point(float a,float b):x(a),y(b){}
	 ~Point(){cout<<"executing Point destructor"<<endl;}
 private:
	 float x;
	 float y;
};
class Circle:public Point
{
public:
	Circle(float a,float b,float r):Point(a,b),radius(r){}
	~Circle(){cout<<"executing Circle destructor"<<endl;}
private:
	float radius;
};
int main()
{
 Point *p=new Circle(1,2,3);
 Circle *r=new Circle(1,2,3);
 delete r;
 return 0;
}

<img src="https://img-blog.csdn.net/20150523170518225" alt="" />

(3) #include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class Point
{
 public:
	 Point(float a,float b):x(a),y(b){}
	 virtual ~Point(){cout<<"executing Point destructor"<<endl;}
 private:
	 float x;
	 float y;
};
class Circle:public Point
{
public:
	Circle(float a,float b,float r):Point(a,b),radius(r){}
	~Circle(){cout<<"executing Circle destructor"<<endl;}
private:
	float radius;
};
int main()
{
 Point *p=new Circle(1,2,3);
 delete p;
 return 0;
}

<img src="https://img-blog.csdn.net/20150523170707809" alt="" />

4. #include <iostream.h>
class Shape{
public:
	virtual double area()const =0;
};
class Circle:public Shape
{
public:
	Circle(double r):radius(r){}
	virtual double area() const
	{
	 return 3.1415*radius*radius;
	}
protected:
	double radius;
};
class Rectangle :public Shape{
public:
	Rectangle(double l,double w):length(l),width(w){}
	virtual double area()const
	{
	 return length*width;
	}
protected:
	double length;
	double width;
};
class Triangle:public Shape
{
public:
	Triangle(double d,double h):dibian(d),height(h){}
	virtual double area() const
	{
	 return 0.5*dibian*height;
	}
protected:
	double dibian;
	double height;
};
void display(const Shape &s)
{
 cout<<s.area()<<endl;
}
int main()
{
 Circle c(4);
 cout<<"area of c is ";
 display(c);
 Rectangle r(2,4);
 cout<<"area of r is ";
 display(r);
 Triangle t(1,2);
 cout<<"area of t is ";
 display(t);
 return 0;
}

<img src="https://img-blog.csdn.net/20150523170544215" alt="" />

5. #include <iostream.h>
class Shape{
public:
	virtual double area()const =0;
};
class Circle:public Shape
{
public:
	Circle(double r):radius(r){}
	virtual double area() const
	{
	 return 3.1415*radius*radius;
	}
protected:
	double radius;
};
class Rectangle :public Shape{
public:
	Rectangle(double l,double w):length(l),width(w){}
	virtual double area()const
	{
	 return length*width;
	}
protected:
	double length;
	double width;
};
class Triangle:public Shape
{
public:
	Triangle(double d,double h):dibian(d),height(h){}
	virtual double area() const
	{
	 return 0.5*dibian*height;
	}
protected:
	double dibian;
	double height;
};
class Square:public Shape{
public:
	Square(double s):side(s){}
	virtual double area() const
	{
	 return side*side;
	}
protected:
	double side;
};
class Trapezoid:public Shape
{
public:
	Trapezoid(double t,double b,double h):top(t),bottem(b),height(h){}
	virtual double area() const
	{
	 return 0.5*(top+bottem)*height;
	}
protected:
	double top,bottem,height;
};
void display(const Shape &s)
{
 cout<<s.area()<<endl;
}
int main()
{
 Circle c(4);
 Rectangle r(2,4);
 Triangle t(1,2);
 Square s(2);
 Trapezoid tt(1,2,3);
 Shape *p[5]={&c,&r,&t,&s,&tt};
 double area=0.0;
 for(int i=0;i<5;i++)
 {
  area=area+p[i]->area();
 }
 cout<<"the sum of area is "<<area<<endl;
 return 0;
}

<img src="https://img-blog.csdn.net/20150523170601718" alt="" />