[R基础] 基础函数：sep, rep, runif, rnorm, matrix, cbind, ifelse

常用函数有sep, rep, runif, rnorm, matrix, cbind, ifelse。

> a<-seq(3,30,4)              #3到30，步长为4（函数括号内都为逗号）
> a
[1]  3  7 11 15 19 23 27
> b<-rep(4:6,times=c(3,2,4))  #重复向量
> b
[1] 4 4 4 5 5 6 6 6 6

> runif(5,10,50)              #10到50的5个随机数
[1] 46.32831 18.06728 45.93559 47.78701
[5] 36.43191
> round(runif(5,10,50))       #5个随机数保留0位小数
[1] 35 12 18 17 37

> c<-rnorm(5)                #服从正态分布的5个数
> c
[1] -0.294720447 -0.005767173  2.404653389
[4]  0.763593461 -0.799009249
> rnorm(4,mean = 10, sd = 3)   # 4个服从均值为10，标准差为3的正态分布的随机数值
[1] 13.790767  8.849594  8.941565 11.060320

> d<-matrix(2:13,c(3,4),byrow = T)  #按行排列
> d
     [,1] [,2] [,3] [,4]
[1,]    2    3    4    5
[2,]    6    7    8    9
[3,]   10   11   12   13

> a<-b<-c<-rnorm(3)
> a
[1] -0.4115108  0.2522234 -0.8919211
> mymat<-c(a,b,c)            #按照行排列
> mymat
[1] -0.4115108  0.2522234 -0.8919211
[4] -0.4115108  0.2522234 -0.8919211
[7] -0.4115108  0.2522234 -0.8919211
> mymat2<-cbind(a,b,c)      #按照列排列
> mymat2
              a          b          c
[1,] -0.4115108 -0.4115108 -0.4115108
[2,]  0.2522234  0.2522234  0.2522234
[3,] -0.8919211 -0.8919211 -0.8919211

> ifelse(mymat>0,1,0)
[1] 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0          #一行数
> ifelse(mymat2>0,1,0)         #三行三列
     a b c 
[1,] 0 0 0
[2,] 1 1 1
[3,] 0 0 0