线程学习笔记

线程创建的两种方式：

（1）继承Thread类

（2）实现Runable接口

1、Thread类中常用方法包括start()、interrupt()、jion()、run()、等方法。其中start()为启动线程，run()为线程的主体方法，根据需要覆写即可。

2、Runable接口，实现Runable接口的类就可以成为线程，Runable接口只有一个run方法，实现Runable()接口后必须覆写run()方法。

//最简单的线程实现
package ThreadTest;

public class  SimpleThread extends Thread {
	
	public SimpleThread(String name) {                     //参数为线程名称
		// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
		setName(name);
	}
	
	@Override
	public void run() {                                     //覆写run()方法
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		super.run();
		
		int i = 0;
		while (i++ < 5) {
			try {
				System.out.println(getName() + "执行步骤" + i);
				Thread.sleep(1000);                          //休眠1秒
			} catch (Exception e) {
				// TODO: handle exception
			}
		}
	}
	
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		SimpleThread thread1 = new SimpleThread("线程1");
		SimpleThread thread2 = new SimpleThread("线程2");
		thread1.start();
		thread2.start();
	}
}

//最简单的Runable()实现
package ThreadTest;

public class SimpleRunable implements Runnable{
	
	@Override
	public void run() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		int i = 0;
		while (i++ < 12) {
			try {
				System.out.println(i);
				Thread.sleep(1000);
			} catch (Exception e) {
				// TODO: handle exception
			}			
		}
	}
	
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		Thread thread1 = new Thread(new SimpleRunable(), "线程1");
		thread1.start();
	}
}

二、线程的控制

1、优先级    Thread.setPriority() 范围是1-10，默认是5；     yield()礼让的暗示

2、挂起  sleep();              join()如果A正在运行，B.join()会使B线程先运行完，再回到A；    

wait()、notify()、suspend()、resume()        挂起线程，直到收到notify或notifyAll()或resume()的消息为止;

3、状态：isAlive()检查线程是否存活       使用stop()强制死亡或者自然死亡。

三、线程同步

//同步锁synchronized的基础用法
package learn;

public class SyncThread extends Thread{
	
	private char cha;
	public SyncThread(char cha) {
		this.cha = cha;
	}
	
	public void run() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		PrintClass.printch(cha);
		System.out.println();
	}
	
	public static void main(String[] args) {		
		SyncThread t1 = new SyncThread('A');
		SyncThread t2 = new SyncThread('B');
		t1.start();
		t2.start();
	}
}

class PrintClass{
//	public static synchronized void printch(char cha) {
	public static void printch(char cha) {
		for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
			try {
				Thread.sleep(1000);
			} catch (InterruptedException e) {
				// TODO: handle exception
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
			System.out.print(cha);
		}
	}
}

//使用多线程实现进水出水

package Threadconnect;

public class ThreadA extends Thread{
	Water water;
	
	public ThreadA(Water waterArg) {
		water = waterArg;
	}
	
	public void run() {
		
		System.out.println("开始进水");
	
		for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
			try {
				Thread.sleep(1000);
				System.out.println(i + "分钟");
			} catch (Exception e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
		}
		
		water.setWater(true);                             //设置水塘有水状态
		System.out.println("进水完毕，水塘水漫");
		synchronized (water) {
			water.notify();
			//notify()最多只能释放等待队列中的第一个线程，如果有多个线程在等，使用notifyAll()可释放所有线程 。
		}
	}
}


package Threadconnect;

public class ThreadB extends Thread{
	Water water;
	public ThreadB(Water  waterArg) {
		// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
		water = waterArg;
	}
	
	public void run() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		System.out.println("启动排水");
		if (water.isEmpty()) {
			synchronized (water) {                               //同步代码块synchronized  
				try {
					System.out.println("水塘无水，排水等待中");
					water.wait();                                //使线程处于等待状态
				} catch (Exception e) {
					// TODO: handle exception
					e.printStackTrace();
				}
			}
		}
		
		System.out.println("开始排水。。。。。。");
		for (int i = 5; i > 0; i--) {
			try {
				Thread.sleep(1000);
				System.out.println(i + "分钟");
				
			} catch (Exception e) {
				// TODO: handle exception
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
		}
		
		water.setWater(false);                                    //设置水塘无水状态
		System.out.println("排水完毕");
	}
}


package Threadconnect;

public class Water {
	
	boolean water = false;
	public boolean isEmpty() {
		return water ? false : true;
	}
	
	public void setWater(boolean haveWater) {
		this.water = haveWater;
	}
	
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		Water water = new Water();
		ThreadA threadA = new ThreadA(water);
		ThreadB threadB = new ThreadB(water);
		threadB.start();
		threadA.start();
	}
}