Android 的三种依赖注入库

Android 的三种依赖注入库， Butter Knife RoboGuice Android Annotation.

Butter Knife 是三者中最简单的一个，它需要加上ButterKnife.inject(this);去执行注入操作，而对于非Activity的组件使用ButterKnife.inject(this,view);来进行注入操作。

    class ExampleActivity extends Activity {

        @InjectView(R.id.title) TextView title;
        @InjectView(R.id.subtitle) TextView subtitle;
        @InjectView(R.id.footer) TextView footer;

        @Override public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {

        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.simple_activity);
        ButterKnife.inject(this);
        // TODO Use "injected" views...
  }
    }


public class FancyFragment extends Fragment {

    @InjectView(R.id.button1) Button button1;
    @InjectView(R.id.button2) Button button2;

    @Override public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container, Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    View view = inflater.inflate(R.layout.fancy_fragment, container, false);
    ButterKnife.inject(this, view);
    // TODO Use "injected" views...
    return view;
    }
}

RoboGuice 是Google的作品，基本能够使用注解的地方都能够支持。view注入，service注入，resource注入都是很简单的但是他的注入需要继承自Robo**组件，例如RoboActivity,RoboService,RoboIntentService,RoboContentProvide.

@ContentView(R.layout.main)
class RoboWay extends RoboActivity {
    @InjectView(R.id.name)             TextView name;
    @InjectView(R.id.thumbnail)        ImageView thumbnail;
    @InjectResource(R.drawable.icon)   Drawable icon;
    @InjectResource(R.string.app_name) String myName;
    @Inject                            LocationManager loc;

public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    name.setText( "Hello, " + myName );
    }
}

Android Annotation 的导入很复杂，但是功能很是强大。使用代码如下：

@EActivity(R.layout.my_activity)
public class MyActivity extends Activity {

@ViewById
EditText myEditText;

@ViewById(R.id.myTextView)
TextView textView;

@StringRes(R.string.hello)
String helloFormat;

@ColorRes
int androidColor;

@BooleanRes
boolean someBoolean;

@SystemService
NotificationManager notificationManager;

@SystemService
WindowManager windowManager;

/**
 * AndroidAnnotations gracefully handles support for onBackPressed, whether you use ECLAIR (2.0), or pre ECLAIR android version.
 */
public void onBackPressed() {
    Toast.makeText(this, "Back key pressed!", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}

@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    // windowManager should not be null
    windowManager.getDefaultDisplay();
    requestWindowFeature(Window.FEATURE_INDETERMINATE_PROGRESS);
}

@Click
void myButtonClicked() {
    String name = myEditText.getText().toString();
    setProgressBarIndeterminateVisibility(true);
    someBackgroundWork(name, 5);
}

@Background
void someBackgroundWork(String name, long timeToDoSomeLongComputation) {
    try {
        TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(timeToDoSomeLongComputation);
    } catch (InterruptedException e) {
    }

    String message = String.format(helloFormat, name);

    updateUi(message, androidColor);

    showNotificationsDelayed();
}

@UiThread
void updateUi(String message, int color) {
    setProgressBarIndeterminateVisibility(false);
    textView.setText(message);
    textView.setTextColor(color);
}

@UiThread(delay = 2000)
void showNotificationsDelayed() {
    Notification notification = new Notification(R.drawable.icon, "Hello !", 0);
    PendingIntent contentIntent = PendingIntent.getActivity(this, 0, new Intent(), 0);
    notification.setLatestEventInfo(getApplicationContext(), "My notification", "Hello World!", contentIntent);
    notificationManager.notify(1, notification);
}

@LongClick
void startExtraActivity() {
    Intent intent = ActivityWithExtra_.intent(this).myDate(new Date()).myMessage("hello !").get();
    intent.putExtra(ActivityWithExtra.MY_INT_EXTRA, 42);
    startActivity(intent);
}

@Click
void startListActivity(View v) {
    startActivity(new Intent(this, MyListActivity_.class));
}

@Touch
void myTextView(MotionEvent event) {
    Log.d("MyActivity", "myTextView was touched!");
}

@Transactional
int transactionalMethod(SQLiteDatabase db, int someParam) {
    return 42;
}

}

总结：RoboGuice是采用了反射机制实现，更为复杂。而其他两个是在编译时就已经将代码转换好了。AA的功能更为强大，而BufferKnife 使用更为简单。