安装环境
CentOS 7 64位
一、在线安装MySQL
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下载MySQL官方软件仓库
# MySQL5.7的软件仓库,下载文件的大小大概25K左右 wget -i -c http://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql57-community-release-el7-10.noarch.rpm
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安装MySQL软件仓库
yum -y install mysql57-community-release-el7-10.noarch.rpm
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安装MySQL
yum -y install mysql-community-server
PS:如果第3步安装失败,出现以下错误,原因是MySQL的GPG升级了,需要重新获取。
执行:
rpm --import https://repo.mysql.com/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql-2022
再次进行第3步。
二、启动MySQL
# 启动mysql
[root@localhost ~]# service mysqld start
# 查看mysql运行状态
[root@localhost ~]# service mysqld status
Redirecting to /bin/systemctl status mysqld.service
● mysqld.service - MySQL Server
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
Active: active (running) since Tue 2020-08-04 22:55:28 EDT; 55s ago
Docs: man:mysqld(8)
http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
Process: 41044 ExecStart=/usr/sbin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid $MYSQLD_OPTS (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Process: 40995 ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/mysqld_pre_systemd (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Main PID: 41047 (mysqld)
CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service
└─41047 /usr/sbin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
Aug 04 22:55:22 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Starting MySQL Server...
Aug 04 22:55:28 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Started MySQL Server.
三、配置MySQL的密码等属性
首先需要从安装日志中找到MySQL的初始密码。
# .e-kj-?%S4da 就是此次安装的MySQL的初始密码
[root@localhost ~]# grep "password" /var/log/mysqld.log
2020-08-05T02:55:25.487331Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: .e-kj-?%S4da
使用初始密码连接数据库:
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -u root -p
Enter password:
修改数据库密码:
mysql> set password for root@localhost = password('123456');
如果设置的密码太简单可能会报异常:
ERROR 1819 (HY000): Your password does not satisfy the current policy requirements
设置密码策略:
mysql> set global validate_password_policy=0;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> set global validate_password_length=1;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
设置完密码策略之后就可以修改密码为简单的密码了,此时再重新执行修改密码的语句就行了。
如果需要远程连接此数据库,还需要做以下配置:
# 开放远程连接
mysql> use mysql;
mysql> update user set user.Host='%' where user.User='root';
mysql> flush privileges;
# 开放防火墙的3306端口
[root@localhost ~]# firewall-cmd --permanent --add-port=3306/tcp
success
[root@localhost ~]# firewall-cmd --permanent --add-port=3306/udp
success
[root@localhost ~]# firewall-cmd --reload
success
如果你不希望yum自动更新MySQL,那么需要移除MySQL的仓库文件:
yum -y remove mysql57-community-release-el7-10.noarch