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1 下面输出结果是?
public static void main(String[] args) {
Integer a = 123;
Integer b = new Integer(123);
System.out.println("result a==b is: " + (a == b));
Integer a2 = 100;
Integer b2 = 100;
System.out.println("result a2==b2 is: " + (a2 == b2));
Integer a3 = 128;
Integer b3 = 128;
System.out.println("result a3==b3 is: " + (a3 == b3));
}
答案:false true false
简解:
JVM中一个字节以下的整型数据会在JVM启动的时候加载进内存,除非用new Integer()显式的创建对象,否则都是同一个对象;Integer中valueOf源码
public static Integer valueOf(int i) {
assert IntegerCache.high >= 127;
if (i >= IntegerCache.low && i <= IntegerCache.high)
return IntegerCache.cache[i + (-IntegerCache.low)];
return new Integer(i);
}
可以看出只要超过-127~128这个范围,就会new Integer创建新的对象,==比较就会返回false
2 HashMap怎么判断是否存在某个key?为什么使用?有没有别的办法?containsKey方法原理?能用get方法判断吗?
简解:
使用containsKey方法判断;containsKey方法源码简单介绍
/**
* Returns <tt>true</tt> if this map contains a mapping for the
* specified key.
*
* @param key The key whose presence in this map is to be tested
* @return <tt>true</tt> if this map contains a mapping for the specified
* key.
*/
public boolean containsKey(Object key) {
return getEntry(key) != null;
}
/**
* Returns the entry associated with the specified key in the
* HashMap. Returns null if the HashMap contains no mapping
* for the key.
*/
final Entry<K,V> getEntry(Object key) {
if (size == 0) {
return null;
}
int hash = (key == null) ? 0 : hash(key);
for (Entry<K,V> e = table[indexFor(hash, table.length)];
e != null;
e = e.next) {
Object k;
if (e.hash == hash &&
((k = e.key) == key || (key != null && key.equals(k))))
return e;
}
return null;
}
注意上面的判断
e.hash == hash &&
((k = e.key) == key || (key != null && key.equals(k))) 需要hash值相同,equals相等才认为是同一个key;
不能用get方法,原因是hashmap是可以保存<null,null>、<null,value>或者<key,null>key和value都可以为null,如果value为null的时候是没有办法判断key不存在还是存在值为null
3运行时结果
public static void main(String[] args) {
Integer a = null;
Integer b = (Integer) a; //1
Integer c = (int)a; //2
System.out.println("result a == 3 is: " + (a == 3)); //3
System.out.println("result a == new Integer(3) is: " + (a == new Integer(3))); //4
}
答案:1 正常 2运行时报空指针异常 3 运行时报空指针异常 4 false
4 下面运行结果
public static void main(String[] args) {
String a = "123";
String b = "123";
System.out.println("1.result for a == b is: "+(a == b));
String a2 = "123";
String b2 = "1"+"23";
System.out.println("2.result for a2 == b2 is: "+(a2 == b2));
String a3 = "123";
String b3 = new String("123");
System.out.println("3.result for a3 == b3 is: "+(a3 == b3));
String a4 = "123";
String b4 = "1" + new String("23");
System.out.println("4.result for a4 == b4 is: "+(a4 == b4));
String a5 = new String("123");
String b5 = new String("123");
System.out.println("5.result for a5 == b5 is: "+(a5 == b5));
}
答案:
1.result for a == b is: true
2.result for a2 == b2 is: true
3.result for a3 == b3 is: false
4.result for a4 == b4 is: false
5.result for a5 == b5 is: false
分析:参见这篇文章吧 http://blog.csdn.net/xbkaishui/article/details/6284702 有启发的第四题 +连接的对象的地址是无法确定 的, 第二个中“1”和“23”在编译期能确定,和“123”是等效的