Qt 知识点收集(一)

挂件:
QLabel
QLineEdit
QTabWidget
QTableWidget
QGroupBox

QCheckBox
QRadioBotton    QAbstractBotton
QPushBotton


布局
QHBoxLayout  horizontal
QVBoxLayout  vertival

QFont    font ( "Microsoft YaHei",  10,   75);//第一个属性是字体（微软雅黑），第二个是大小，第三个是加粗（权重是75）
ui->label->setFont(font);

常见权重
QFont::Light - 25        高亮
QFont::Normal - 50    正常
QFont::DemiBold - 63  半粗体
QFont::Bold - 75        粗体
QFont::Black - 87       黑体


QFont font1("Fantasy",24);//设置字体格式以及大小
label1->setFont(font1);
label1->setAlignment(Qt::AlignHCenter | Qt::AlignVCenter);//设置居中
label1->setText(tr("点击↓开始"));//设置文字

QGridLayout *layout = new QGridLayout(this);
layout->addWidget(label1, 0 ,1);//布局加部件
layout->addWidget(btn1, 1, 1);
layout->setSizeConstraint(QLayout::SetFixedSize);//设置合适尺寸

QHBoxLayout *Leftlayout = new QHBoxLayout;
//设置0,1两列的所占比例
Leftlayout->setColumnStretch(0,1);
Leftlayout->setColumnStretch(0,3);
//设置占几行,占几列
Leftlayout->addWidget(OtherLabel,5,0,1,2);

//设置固定大小
Widget::Widget(QWidget *parent) :
    QWidget(parent),
    ui(new Ui::Widget)
{
    ui->setupUi(this);
    this->setMaximumSize(393,171);
    this->setMinimumSize(393,171);
}

//设置图片Label
HeadLabel = new QLabel(tr("头像"));
HeadIconLabel = new QLabel;
QPixmap icon("1.png");
HeadIconLabel->setPixmap(icon);//label显示图像
HeadIconLabel->resize(icon.width(),icon.height());//设置lable和头像一些养大

//设置间距
TopRightLayout = new QHBoxLayout();
TopRightLayout->setSpacing(20);

//设置边距
TopRightLayout = new QHBoxLayout();
TopRightLayout->setMargin(10);

//设置占位符
ButtonLayout = new QHBoxLayout();
ButtonLayout->setStretch();
ButtonLayout->addWidget(OkBtn);

//设置文件打开对话窗口
QString s = QFileDialog::getOpenFileName(this, "open file", "c:","C++ files(*.cpp);;C files(*.c);;Head files(*.h)");
if(!s.isEmpty)
    setWindowTitle(s);

//设置消息对话框
if( QMessageBox::question(this, "问题","有个问题要问你",QMessageBox::Ok | QMessageBox::Cancle,QMessageBox::Ok) == QMessageBox::Ok )
{
}
else
{
}


toolBtn1=new QToolButton();
toolBtn1->setText("张三");//设置QToolButton按钮标题
toolBtn1->setIcon(QPixmap("1.png"));//设置QToolButton的图像
toolBtn1->setIconSize(QPixmap("1.png").size());//设置QToolButton的大小和图像一致
toolBtn1->setAutoRaise(true);//设置QToolButton按钮自动弹起
toolBtn1->setToolButtonStyle(Qt::ToolButtonTextBesideIcon);//设置文字在图片的旁边


#include <QFile>
#include <QTextStream>
//设置文件打开对话窗口
QString file = QFileDialog::getOpenFileName();
QFile file(filename);
if(file.open(QFile::ReadOnly))
{
    QTextStream stream(&file);
    while(!stream.atEnd())
    {
        s = stream.readLine();
        QMessageBox::information(this, "文件内容", s);

    }
    file.close();
}


//设置menubar
MainWindow::MainWindow(QWidget *parent)
    : QMainWindow(parent)
{
    open = new QAction(tr("打开"),this);
    open->setShortcut(tr("Ctrl+O"));//设置快捷键

    fileexit = new QAction(tr("退出"),this);
    fileexit->setShortcut(tr("Ctrl+E"));

    menu = menuBar()->addMenu(tr("文件"));
    menu->addAction(open);
    menu->addSeparator();
    menu->addAction(fileexit);

    menu = menuBar()->addMenu(tr("About"));


    edit1 = new QTextEdit;
    setCentralWidget(edit1);

    connect(open, SIGNAL(triggered()), this, SLOT(openfile()));
}


//关闭事件
void MainWindow::closeEvent(QCloseEvent *event)
{
    QMessageBox::StandardButton button = QMessageBox::question(this, tr("退出程序"),QString(tr("是否退出")),
                                         QMessageBox::Yes|QMessageBox::No,QMessageBox::No);

    if(button == QMessageBox::Yes)
    {
        event->accept();
    }
    else
    {
        event->ignore();
    }

}


//设置textedit光标位置
QTextCursor cursor = textEdit->textCursor();
cursor.movePosition(QTextCursor::Start);
textEdit->setTextCursor(cursor);



//获取host信息
QT如果要进行网络编程首先需要在.pro中添加如下代码:
QT += network
在头文件中包含相关头文件
#include <QHostInfo>
#include <QNetworkInterface>
void Widget::btn_click()
{
    //获取主机名称
    QString s=QHostInfo::localHostName();
    //根据主机名获取主机其他信息
    QHostInfo info=QHostInfo::fromName(s);
    /*获取主机所有的网络地址,IP地址跟网卡有关系，一个主机可能存在多个网卡或者虚拟机网卡*/
    QList<QHostAddress> list=info.addresses();
    if(!list.isEmpty())
    {
        /*设置一个迭代器*/
        QList<QHostAddress>::iterator i;
        for(i=list.begin();i!=list.end();i++)
        {
            QMessageBox::information(this,"主机地址",(*i).toString());
        }
    }
    label1->setText(s);
}

void Widget::btn_click()
{
    QString detail;
    /*得到本机所有的网络接口信息*/
    QList<QNetworkInterface> list=QNetworkInterface::allInterfaces();
    QList<QNetworkInterface>::iterator i;
    for(i=list.begin();i!=list.end();i++)
    {
        QNetworkInterface interface=*i;
        /*获取设备名字*/
        detail=tr("设备：")+interface.name()+"\n";
        detail+=tr("硬件地址：")+interface.hardwareAddress()+"\n";
        QList<QNetworkAddressEntry> entrylist=interface.addressEntries();
        QList<QNetworkAddressEntry>::iterator j;
        for(j=entrylist.begin();j!=entrylist.end();j++)
        {
            //
            QNetworkAddressEntry entry=*j;
            detail+="\t"+tr("IP地址：")+entry.ip().toString()+"\n";
            detail+="\t"+tr("子网掩码：")+entry.netmask().toString()+"\n";
            detail+="\t"+tr("广播地址：")+entry.broadcast().toString()+"\n";
        }
        QMessageBox::information(this,"主机信息",detail);
    }
}


//重定向cmd
Widget::Widget(QWidget *parent)
    : QWidget(parent)
{

    QString cmd;
    cmd = edit1->text();
    QProcess p2(0);

    p2.start("cmd", QStringList()<<"/c"<<cmd);
    p2.waitForStarted();
    p2.waitForFinished();

    QString strTemp=QString::fromLocal8Bit(p2.readAllStandardOutput());

    label1 = new QLabel(this);
    label1->setText(strTemp);
}

//设置label颜色
    QPalette pe;
    pe.setColor(QPallette::WindowText,Qt::red);
    label0->setPalette(pe);
    label0->setText(tr("请输入命令"));

//设置dialog背景图片
this->setAutoFillBackground(true);
QPalette palette;
palette.setBrush(QPalette::Background, QBrush(QPixmap("2.jpg")));
setPalette(palette);


//设置scrollArea
scrollArea = new QScrollArea;
scrollArea->setBackgroundRole(QPalette::Base);
scrollArea->setVerticalScrollBarPolicy(Qt::ScrollBarAlwaysOn);
scrollArea->setWidget(recv);

//设置UTF8
QTextCodec::setCodecForTr(QTextCodec::codecForName("UTF-8")); 



TCP-client:
//连接
serverip=new QHostAddress();
serverip->setAddress(ipaddr);
tcpsocket->connectToHost(*serverip,port.toInt());

//发送
QString strtext=edit3->text();
if(!strtext.isEmpty())
    tcpsocket->write(strtext.toStdString().data());

//接收消息
void Widget::myrecvdata()
{
    char buf[1024]={0};
    /*bytesAvailable()表示有效数据*/
    while(tcpsocket->bytesAvailable()>0)
    {
        memset(buf,0,sizeof(buf));
        tcpsocket->read(buf,sizeof(buf));
        textb->append(buf);
        //QMessageBox::information(this,"消息",buf);
    }
}



//设置最大化最小化按钮无效
setWindowFlags(windowFlags()& ~Qt::WindowMaximizeButtonHint & ~Qt::WindowMinimizeButtonHint);

//设置不在任务栏出现
setWindowFlags(windowFlags() | Qt::Tool);

////隐藏最大化按钮
 this->setWindowFlags(this->windowFlags()&~Qt::WindowMaximizeButtonHint); 

//去掉问号
Qt::WindowFlags flags=Qt::Dialog;
    flags |=Qt::WindowCloseButtonHint;
    setWindowFlags(flags);


//当前时间
 QString curTime = QDateTime::currentDateTime().toString("yyyy-MM-dd hh:mm:ss");

//设置文件过滤器
void MainWindow::savefile()
{
    QFileDialog dialog(this,"保存文件","C:\\Users\\Administrator\\Desktop"
                       ,tr("富文本(*.rtf);;纯文本(*.txt)"));


    QString filterMod;
    QString fileName;
    if(dialog.exec())
    {
        fileName  = dialog.selectedFiles()[0];
        filterMod = dialog.selectedNameFilter();
    }


    QFile file(fileName);

    if(file.open(QFile::WriteOnly |QFile::Truncate))
    {
        QTextStream stream(&file);
        if("富文本(*.rtf)" == filterMod)
            stream<<textEdit->toHtml();

        if("纯文本(*.txt)" == filterMod)
             stream<<textEdit->toPlainText();
    }

    file.close();
}

//设置颜色字体
void MainWindow::colslot()
{

    const QColorDialog::ColorDialogOptions options = QFlag(QColorDialog::ShowAlphaChannel);
    const QColor color = QColorDialog::getColor(Qt::green, this, "Select Color", options);

    if (color.isValid())
    {
        textEdit->setTextColor(color);
    }
}

void MainWindow::fontslot()
{
    bool ok;
    QFont font = QFontDialog::getFont(
                    &ok, QFont("Helvetica [Cronyx]", 10), this);
    if (ok)
    {
       textEdit->setFont(font);
    } else
    {
        ;
    }
}

//设置光标的选区，使格式作用于选区内的字符
void MainWindow::mergeFormat(QTextCharFormat fmt)
{
    QTextCursor cursor = textEdit->textCursor();
    if (!cursor.hasSelection()) {
        cursor.select(QTextCursor::WordUnderCursor);
    }
    cursor.mergeCharFormat(fmt);
}

//设置分隔字符串
QString mainPage = "mainpage=http://www.baidu.com"
QStringList list = mainPage.split("=");

//捕获消息
void event(QEvent* ev);
bool MyWidget::event(QEvent* ev)
{
    //消息被截断
    if(ev.type == QEvent::MouseButtonPress)
        return true;

    //如果不是鼠标消息,就继续传递消息
    return QWidget::event(ev);

}


//重载具体的虚函数,处理鼠标事件
#include <QMouseEvent>
void mousePressEvent(QMouseEvent* ev);
void mouseReleaseEvent(QMouseEvent* ev);
void mouseMoveEvent(QMouseEvent* ev);
bool MyWidget::mousePressEvent(QMouseEvent* ev)//重载
{
    QPoint pt = ev->pos();
    qDebug()<< pt;
    if(ev->button() == Qt::LeftButton)
    {
        ....
    }
    //shift被按下
    if(ev->modifiers() == Qt::ShiftModifier)
    {
        ....
    }
}

//鼠标消息,键盘消息
#include <QKeyEvent>
void keyPressEvent(QMouseEvent* ev);
{
    ev->modifiers();
    int key = ev->key();
    qDebug() << (char)key;  
}
void keyReleaseEvent(QMouseEvent* ev);

//鼠标不需要按下,就得到消息
this->setMousetTracking(true);

//传递消息第一种方式,消息过滤器
MyWidget::MyWidget(QWidget *parent) :
    QWidget(parent)
{
    QPushButton* button;

    button = new QPushButton("This button", this);
    connect(button, SIGNAL(clicked()), this, SLOT(close()));
    _button = button;

    /* button给自己安装了一个消息过滤器，那么经过button的消息，都先要调用它的过滤器的eventFilter函数 */
    button->installEventFilter(this);
}

bool MyWidget::eventFilter(QObject *o, QEvent *e)
{
#if 0
    if(o == (QObject*)_button &&(
                e->type() == QEvent::MouseButtonRelease ||
                e->type() == QEvent::MouseButtonDblClick ||
                e->type() == QEvent::MouseButtonPress))
    {

        return true;
    }
#endif

    return QWidget::eventFilter(o, e);
}

//传递消息第二种方式,App消息通知
bool MyApplication::notify(QObject *o, QEvent *e)
{
    if(this->topLevelWidgets().count()>0)
    {
        QWidget* mainWnd = this->topLevelWidgets().at(0);
        if(o==(QObject*)mainWnd && e->type() == QEvent::MouseButtonPress)
        {
            // do ...
            qDebug() << "mainwnd is clicked";
        }
    }

    return QApplication::notify(o, e);
}

//传递消息第三种方式,自定义消息
bool MyWidget::event(QEvent *e)
{
    if(e->type() == QEvent::User)
    {
        qDebug() << "User event is comming";
    }
    return QWidget::event(e);
}


int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
    MyApplication app(argc, argv);

    MyWidget w;
    w.show();

    // 发送一个Event给MyWidget
    qDebug() << "begin send";
    app.postEvent(&w, new QEvent(QEvent::User));
    qDebug() << "end send";
   // app.sendEvent(&w, )

    return app.exec();
}