spark组件之graphx图并行计算

这两天接触spark中的graphx组件框架，关于Graph类中的大多数函数使用方法经过简单的尝试验证还是比较容易理解的，独对Graph类中提供的joinVertices和outerJoinVertices方法感到很迷惑，先贴出Graph类提供的变量和方法：

class Graph[VD, ED] {
  // Information about the Graph 
  val numEdges: Long
  val numVertices: Long
  val inDegrees: VertexRDD[Int]
  val outDegrees: VertexRDD[Int]
  val degrees: VertexRDD[Int]

  // Views of the graph as collections 
  val vertices: VertexRDD[VD]
  val edges: EdgeRDD[ED]
  val triplets: RDD[EdgeTriplet[VD, ED]]

  // Functions for caching graphs 
  def persist(newLevel: StorageLevel = StorageLevel.MEMORY_ONLY): Graph[VD, ED]
  def cache(): Graph[VD, ED]
  def unpersistVertices(blocking: Boolean = true): Graph[VD, ED]

  // Change the partitioning heuristic  
  def partitionBy(partitionStrategy: