1.发送自定义广播 分为两种第一种是发送标准广播 第二种是发送有序广播
标准广播
1>新建一个类
public class MyBroadcastReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver { @Override public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) { Toast.makeText(context,"received in MyBroadcastReceiver",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); } }2>在AndroidManifest.xml中注册
<receiver android:name=".MyBroadcastReceiver"> <intent-filter> <action android:name="com.example.broadcasttest.MY_BROADCASTRECEIVER"></action> </intent-filter> </receiver>这里action的广播是自定义的
3>定义一个按钮模拟发送广播
send.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { Intent intent = new Intent("com.example.broadcasttest.MY_BROADCASTRECEIVER"); //发送广播 sendBroadcast(intent); } }) ;
注意:广播是用Intent进行传递的所以我们可以通过Intent携带数据
这里我们发送的是标准广播,如果在另外一个APP中也有接收com.example.broadcasttest MY_BROADCASTRECEIVER的广播也会执行它的onReceive()方法
在真机上的效果
有序广播
只需要将sendBroadcast(intent)改为sendOrderedBroadcast(intent,null) 第二个参数是一个与权限相关的字符串
然后在AndroidManiFest.xml中声明优先级
<receiver android:name=".MyBroadcastReceiver">
<intent-filter android:priority="100" >
<action android:name="com.example.broadcasttest.MY_BROADCAST"/>
</intent-filter>
</receiver>
然后在广播接收器的onReceiver中设置abortBroadcast(); 表示将这条广播截断,后面的广播接收器将无法再接收到这条广播
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以上我们发送的都是系统全局广播,即我们发出的广播可以被任何的程序接收到,并且我们可以接收来自其他应用程序的广播,这样会引起安全性的问题,
解决这个问题我们引入了广播机制:使用这个机制发出的广播只能够在应用程序的内部进行传递,并且广播接收器只能接收来自本应用程序发出的广播
实例
package com.example.administrator.myapplication; import android.content.BroadcastReceiver; import android.content.Context; import android.content.Intent; import android.content.IntentFilter; import android.support.v4.content.LocalBroadcastManager; import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity; import android.os.Bundle; import android.view.Menu; import android.view.MenuItem; import android.view.View; import android.widget.Button; import android.widget.Toast; public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity { private Button send; private LocalReceiver localReceiver; private LocalBroadcastManager localBroadcastManager; private IntentFilter intentFilter ; @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); //通过LocalBroadcastManager的getInstance()方法得到了它的一个实例!!!! localBroadcastManager = LocalBroadcastManager.getInstance(this); send = (Button)this.findViewById(R.id.send); send.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { Intent intent = new Intent("com.example.broadcasttest.LOCAL_BROADCAST"); //发送本地广播 localBroadcastManager.sendBroadcast(intent); } }); //注册本地广播接收器 localReceiver = new LocalReceiver(); intentFilter = new IntentFilter(); intentFilter.addAction("com.example.broadcasttest.LOCAL_BROADCAST"); localBroadcastManager.registerReceiver(localReceiver,intentFilter); } //广播接收器 class LocalReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver{ @Override public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) { Toast.makeText(context, "received local broadcast", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); } } @Override protected void onDestroy() { super.onDestroy(); // localBroadcastManager.unregisterReceiver(localReceiver); } @Override public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) { // Inflate the menu; this adds items to the action bar if it is present. getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.menu_main, menu); return true; } @Override public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) { // Handle action bar item clicks here. The action bar will // automatically handle clicks on the Home/Up button, so long // as you specify a parent activity in AndroidManifest.xml. int id = item.getItemId(); //noinspection SimplifiableIfStatement if (id == R.id.action_settings) { return true; } return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item); } }注意:本地广播是无法通过静态注册的方式接收的(因为静态注册是为了让程序在没有启动的时候也能接收到消息,而发送本地广播时,我们的程序已经启动了,所以不需要使用静态注册)
本地广播的优势
1.正在发送的广播不会离开我们的程序,因此不需要担心机密数据泄露
2.其他程序无法广播发送到我们程序的内部,不用担心安全漏洞隐患
3.本地广播的效率比系统全局广播更加高效