Spring中不同类型属性注入的方式

1. 添加依赖

<dependency>
	<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
	<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
	<version>5.3.8</version>
</dependency>

2. Student 类

package pojo;

import java.util.*;

public class Student {

    private String name;
    private Address address;
    private String[] books;
    private List<String> hobbies;
    private Map<String, String> card;
    private Set<String> games;
    private String wife;
    private Properties info;

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public Address getAddress() {
        return address;
    }

    public void setAddress(Address address) {
        this.address = address;
    }

    public String[] getBooks() {
        return books;
    }

    public void setBooks(String[] books) {
        this.books = books;
    }

    public List<String> getHobbies() {
        return hobbies;
    }

    public void setHobbies(List<String> hobbies) {
        this.hobbies = hobbies;
    }

    public Map<String, String> getCard() {
        return card;
    }

    public void setCard(Map<String, String> card) {
        this.card = card;
    }

    public Set<String> getGames() {
        return games;
    }

    public void setGames(Set<String> games) {
        this.games = games;
    }

    public String getWife() {
        return wife;
    }

    public void setWife(String wife) {
        this.wife = wife;
    }

    public Properties getInfo() {
        return info;
    }

    public void setInfo(Properties info) {
        this.info = info;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Student{" +
                "name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", address=" + address.toString() +
                ", books=" + Arrays.toString(books) +
                ", hobbies=" + hobbies +
                ", card=" + card +
                ", games=" + games +
                ", wife='" + wife + '\'' +
                ", info=" + info +
                '}';
    }
}

3. 配置文件 beans.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">

    <bean id="address" class="pojo.Address">
        <property name="address" value="Dalian"/>
    </bean>

    <bean id="student" class="pojo.Student">
        <!-- 普通值注入 !-->
        <property name="name" value="Alex"/>
        <!-- bean 注入 !-->
        <property name="address" ref="address"/>
        <!-- 数组注入 !-->
        <property name="books">
            <array>
                <value>红楼梦</value>
                <value>西游记</value>
                <value>水浒传</value>
            </array>
        </property>
        <!-- List 注入 !-->
        <property name="hobbies">
            <list>
                <value>玩游戏</value>
                <value>写代码</value>
            </list>
        </property>
        <!-- Map 注入 !-->
        <property name="card">
            <map>
                <entry key="身份证" value="12345678"/>
                <entry key="学生证" value="87654321"/>
            </map>
        </property>
        <!-- Set 注入 !-->
        <property name="games">
            <set>
                <value>和平精英</value>
                <value>王者荣耀</value>
            </set>
        </property>
        <!-- null 值注入 !-->
        <property name="wife">
            <null/>
        </property>
        <!-- Properties 注入 !-->
        <property name="info">
            <props>
                <prop key="学号">20190001</prop>
                <prop key="性别">男</prop>
            </props>
        </property>
    </bean>

</beans>

4. Test

import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
import pojo.Student;

public class Test {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("beans.xml");
        Student student = context.getBean("student", Student.class);
        System.out.println(student.toString());
    }
}

5. 运行结果

Student{name='Alex', address=Address{address='Dalian'}, books=[红楼梦, 西游记, 水浒传], hobbies=[玩游戏, 写代码], card={身份证=12345678, 学生证=87654321}, games=[和平精英, 王者荣耀], wife='null', info={学号=20190001, 性别=男}}

Process finished with exit code 0

6. 总结

上述所有的属性都是通过无参构造函数和setter方法进行注入的。依赖注入本质上也是属性注入，只不过注入的是所依赖的对象。