参考：
InputStreamReader 和 BufferedReader 区别：
InputStreamReader 和 BufferedReader 。其中最重要的类是 InputStreamReader ，它是字节转换为字符的桥梁。 你可以在构造器重指定编码的方式，如果不指定的话将采用底层操作系统的默认编码方式，例如 GBK 等。
FileReader 与 InputStreamReader 涉及编码转换 ( 指定编码方式或者采用 os 默认编码 ) ，可能在不同的平台上出现乱码现象！而 FileInputStream 以二进制方式处理，不会出现乱码现象 .
FileInputStream字节流是 以一个一个字节来读。
FileReader字符流是 以一个一个字符来读取的。
demo1 :
import java.io.*;
import java.nio.charset.Charset;
import java.nio.file.Files;
import java.nio.file.Paths;
import java.util.List;
/**
* br2 < br < nio < baos < raf
* 47 < 100< 102 < 276 < 7653 (单位：ms)
*/
public class ReadFileAsListDemo {
public static void main(String[] args) {
String filePath = "D:\\Users\\xu.qiang18\\GradleDemo\\src\\main\\java\\test5\\jingshu.obj";
{
new Thread(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
long t1 = System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.println("nio 开始t1：" + t1);
nioReadFileByLine(filePath);
long t2 = System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.println("nio 结束t2：" + t2);
long cost = (t2 - t1);
System.out.println("nio 花费总时长(ms)================" + cost);
}
}).start();
}
{
new Thread(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
long t1 = System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.println("raf 开始t1：" + t1);
randomAccessFileReadFileByLine(filePath);
long t2 = System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.println("raf 结束t2：" + t2);
long cost = (t2 - t1);
System.out.println("raf 花费总时长(ms)================" + cost);
}
}).start();
}
{
new Thread(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
long t1 = System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.println("br 开始t1：" + t1);
bufferedReaderReadFileByLine(filePath);
long t2 = System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.println("br 结束t2：" + t2);
long cost = (t2 - t1);
System.out.println("br 花费总时长(ms)==============" + cost);
}
}).start();
}
{
new Thread(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
long t1 = System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.println("br2 开始t1：" + t1);
bufferedReaderReadFileByLine2(filePath);
long t2 = System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.println("br2 结束t2：" + t2);
long cost = (t2 - t1);
System.out.println("br2 花费总时长(ms)==============" + cost);
}
}).start();
}
{
new Thread(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
long t1 = System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.println("baos 开始t1：" + t1);
byteArrayOutputStreamReadFileByLine(filePath);
long t2 = System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.println("baos 结束t2：" + t2);
long cost = (t2 - t1);
System.out.println("baos 花费总时长(ms)====================" + cost);
}
}).start();
}
}
/**
* 方法： 使用RandomAccessFile逐行读取文件
* 可以使用RandomAccessFile以读取模式打开文件，然后使用它的readLine()方法逐行读取文件。
*/
private static void randomAccessFileReadFileByLine(String filePath) {
try {
RandomAccessFile file = new RandomAccessFile(filePath, "r");
String str;
while ((str = file.readLine()) != null) {
// System.out.println(str);
}
file.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
System.out.println("randomAccessFileReadFileByLine e===>" + e.getMessage());
}
}
/**
* 方法： 使用Files逐行读取文件
* java.nio.file.Files是一个包含各种有用方法的实用程序类。
* Files 类的readAllLines()方法可用于将所有文件行读入字符串。
*/
private static void nioReadFileByLine(String filePath) {
try {
List<String> lines = Files.readAllLines(
Paths.get(filePath),
Charset.defaultCharset()
);
for (String line : lines) {
// System.out.println(line);
}
System.out.println("行数：" + lines.size());
} catch (IOException e) {
System.out.println("nioReadFileByLine e===>" + e.getMessage());
}
}
/**
* 方法： 使用BufferedReader逐行读取文件
* FileInputStream 是以流的方式读取文件的。
* <p>
* java.io.BufferedReader和java.io.BufferedWriter类各拥有8192字符的缓冲区。
* 当BufferedReader在读取文本文件时，会先尽量从文件中读入字符数据并置入缓冲区，
* 而之后若使用read()方法，会先从缓冲区中进行读取。
* 如果缓冲区数据不足，才会再从文件中读取，
* 使用BufferedWriter时，写入的数据并不会先输出到目的地，
* 而是先存储至缓冲区中。如果缓冲区中的数据满了，才会一次对目的地进行写出。
*/
public static String bufferedReaderReadFileByLine(String filePath) {
try {
FileInputStream fileInputStream = new FileInputStream(filePath);
InputStreamReader inputStreamReader = new InputStreamReader(fileInputStream);
BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(inputStreamReader);
String line = "";
StringBuilder result = new StringBuilder();
while ((line = bufferedReader.readLine()) != null) {
result.append(line);
result.append("\n");
// System.out.println("line ==> " + line);
}
bufferedReader.close();
return result.toString();
} catch (Exception e) {
System.out.println("bufferedReaderReadFileByLine e===>" + e.getMessage());
}
return null;
}
/**
* 方法： 使用BufferedReader逐行读取文件
* 使用BufferedReader逐行读取文件
* 可以使用java.io.BufferedReader类中的readLine()方法逐行读取文件到String。
* 到达文件末尾时，此方法返回null。
*/
private static void bufferedReaderReadFileByLine2(String filePath) {
try {
BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new FileReader(filePath));
String line = null;
while ((line = br.readLine()) != null) {
// System.out.println(line);
}
br.close();
} catch (Exception e) {
System.out.println("bufferedReaderReadFileByLine2 e===>" + e.getMessage());
}
}
public static String byteArrayOutputStreamReadFileByLine(String filePath) {
String result = null;
try {
FileInputStream fileInputStream = new FileInputStream(filePath);
InputStreamReader inputStream = new InputStreamReader(fileInputStream);
int ch = 0;
ByteArrayOutputStream baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
while ((ch = inputStream.read()) != -1) {
baos.write(ch);
}
byte[] buff = baos.toByteArray();
baos.close();
inputStream.close();
result = new String(buff, "UTF-8");
result = result.replaceAll("\\r\\n", "\n");
} catch (Exception e) {
System.out.println("byteArrayOutputStreamReadFileByLine e===>" + e.getMessage());
}
return result;
}
}
demo2 :
package test5;
import java.io.*;
import java.nio.charset.Charset;
import java.nio.file.Files;
import java.nio.file.Paths;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Random;
import java.util.Scanner;
/**
* @Description: 逐行读取文件性能对比
* BufferedReader 耗时: 67ms
* Scanner 耗时: 604ms
* InputStreamReader 耗时: 421ms
* FileInputStream 耗时: 11652ms
* BufferedInputStream 耗时: 74ms
* Files 耗时: 77ms
**/
public class ReadByLineFromFileTest {
public static void main(String[] args) {
ReadByLineFromFileTest test = new ReadByLineFromFileTest();
String filePath = "test.txt";
File file = new File(filePath);
if (!file.exists()) {
// 随机写入 1000000 行内容
test.writeRandom(filePath, 1000000);
}
long before, after, time;
// 使用 BufferedReader 逐行读取文件
before = System.currentTimeMillis();
test.bufferedReader(filePath);
after = System.currentTimeMillis();
time = after - before;
System.out.println("BufferedReader 耗时: " + time + "ms");
// 使用 Scanner 逐行读取文件
before = System.currentTimeMillis();
test.scanner(filePath);
after = System.currentTimeMillis();
time = after - before;
System.out.println("Scanner 耗时: " + time + "ms");
// 使用 InputStreamReader 逐字符读取文件
before = System.currentTimeMillis();
test.inputStreamReader(filePath);
after = System.currentTimeMillis();
time = after - before;
System.out.println("InputStreamReader 耗时: " + time + "ms");
// 使用 FileInputStream 逐字符读取文件
before = System.currentTimeMillis();
test.fileInputStream(filePath);
after = System.currentTimeMillis();
time = after - before;
System.out.println("FileInputStream 耗时: " + time + "ms");
// 使用 BufferedInputStream 逐字符读取文件
before = System.currentTimeMillis();
test.bufferedInputStream(filePath);
after = System.currentTimeMillis();
time = after - before;
System.out.println("BufferedInputStream 耗时: " + time + "ms");
// 使用 Files 一次性读取文件所有行
before = System.currentTimeMillis();
test.files(filePath);
after = System.currentTimeMillis();
time = after - before;
System.out.println("Files 耗时: " + time + "ms");
}
/**
* @Description: 使用 Scanner 类逐行读取
* @Param: [filePath] 文件路径
* @Author: Seven-Steven
* @Date: 19-1-24
**/
public void scanner(String filePath) {
File file = new File(filePath);
if (!file.exists()) {
return;
}
FileInputStream fileInputStream = null;
Scanner scanner = null;
try {
fileInputStream = new FileInputStream(file);
scanner = new Scanner(fileInputStream, "UTF-8");
while (scanner.hasNextLine()) {
// TODO things
String line = scanner.nextLine();
// System.out.println(line);
}
} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
if (fileInputStream != null) {
try {
fileInputStream.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
if (scanner != null) {
scanner.close();
}
}
}
/**
* @Description: 使用 Files 一次性读取所有行
* Maven 依赖:
* <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.google.guava/guava -->
* <dependency>
* <groupId>com.google.guava</groupId>
* <artifactId>guava</artifactId>
* <version>r05</version>
* </dependency>
* @Param: [filePath] 文件路径
* @Author: Seven-Steven
* @Date: 19-1-24
**/
public void files(String filePath) {
File file = new File(filePath);
if (!file.exists()) {
return;
}
try {
List<String> fileLines = Files.readAllLines(Paths.get(filePath), Charset.defaultCharset());
for (String str : fileLines) {
// System.out.println(str);
}
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
public void bufferedInputStream(String filePath) {
File file = new File(filePath);
if (!file.exists()) {
return;
}
FileInputStream fileInputStream = null;
BufferedInputStream bufferedInputStream = null;
try {
fileInputStream = new FileInputStream(file);
bufferedInputStream = new BufferedInputStream(fileInputStream);
int temp;
char character;
String line = "";
while ((temp = bufferedInputStream.read()) != -1) {
character = (char) temp;
if (character != '\n') {
line += character;
} else {
// TODO
// System.out.println(line);
line = "";
}
}
} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
if (fileInputStream != null) {
try {
fileInputStream.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
if (bufferedInputStream != null) {
try {
bufferedInputStream.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
/**
* @Description: 使用 FileInputStream 逐字符读取文件
* @Param: [filePath] 文件路径
* @Author: Seven-Steven
* @Date: 19-1-23
**/
public void fileInputStream(String filePath) {
File file = new File(filePath);
if (!file.exists()) {
return;
}
FileInputStream fileInputStream = null;
try {
fileInputStream = new FileInputStream(file);
int temp;
char character;
String line = "";
while ((temp = fileInputStream.read()) != -1) {
character = (char) temp;
if (character != '\n') {
line += character;
} else {
// TODO
// System.out.println(line);
line = "";
}
}
} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
if (fileInputStream != null) {
try {
fileInputStream.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
/**
* @Description: 使用 InputStreamReader 逐行读取文件
* @Param: [filePath] 文件路径
* @Author: Seven-Steven
* @Date: 19-1-23
**/
public void inputStreamReader(String filePath) {
File file = new File(filePath);
if (!file.exists()) {
return;
}
FileInputStream fileInputStream = null;
InputStreamReader inputStreamReader = null;
try {
fileInputStream = new FileInputStream(file);
inputStreamReader = new InputStreamReader(fileInputStream);
int temp;
char character;
String line = "";
while ((temp = inputStreamReader.read()) != -1) {
character = (char) temp;
if (character != '\n') {
line += character;
} else {
// TODO
// System.out.println(line);
line = "";
}
}
} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
if (fileInputStream != null) {
try {
fileInputStream.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
if (inputStreamReader != null) {
try {
inputStreamReader.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
/**
* @Description: 使用 BufferedReader 逐行读取文件内容
* @Param: [filePath] 文件路径
* @Author: Seven-Steven
* @Date: 19-1-23
**/
public void bufferedReader(String filePath) {
File file = new File(filePath);
if (!file.exists()) {
return;
}
FileReader fileReader = null;
BufferedReader bufferedReader = null;
try {
fileReader = new FileReader(file);
bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(fileReader);
String line = "";
while ((line = bufferedReader.readLine()) != null) {
// TODO things
// System.out.println(line);
}
} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
if (fileReader != null) {
try {
fileReader.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
if (bufferedReader != null) {
try {
bufferedReader.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
/**
* @Description: 随机往文件中写入 totalLines 行内容
* @Param: [filePath, totalLines] 文件路径, 内容行数
* @Author: Seven-Steven
* @Date: 19-1-23
**/
public void writeRandom(String filePath, int totalLines) {
RandomAccessFile file = null;
Random random = new Random();
try {
file = new RandomAccessFile(filePath, "rw");
long length = file.length();
for (int i = 0; i < totalLines; i++) {
file.seek(length);
int number = random.nextInt(1000000);
String line = number + "\n";
file.writeBytes(line);
length += line.length();
}
} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
if (file != null) {
try {
file.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
}
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