Java ： 香港经纬度和日出日落时间的计算工具类

import java.text.ParseException;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Calendar;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.HashMap;

/**
 * 香港经纬度和日出日落时间对照
 * https://richuriluo.xuenb.com/3712.html
 * https://sunrise.maplogs.com/zh-TW/hong_kong.42.html
 * <p>
 * Thu Jun 09 15:02:22 CST 2022
 * {sunRise=5:38 , sunSet=19:06}
 */
public class SunTimesUtil {
    static Double start = 0.0;
    static Double end = 0.0;
    static Double sRA = 0.0;
    static Double sdec = 0.0;
    static Double sr = 0.0;
    static Double lon = 0.0;

    public static void main(String[] args) throws ParseException {
        //经纬度坐标
        double lng = 114.10949700;
        double lat = 22.396428;
        //今天
        Calendar calendar = Calendar.getInstance();
        System.out.println(calendar.getTime());
        System.out.println(getSunTimeAtDate(calendar.getTime(), lng, lat));
    }

    public static HashMap<String, Object> getSunTimeAtDate(Date d, Double longitude, Double latitude) {
        long xcts = Days_since_2000_Jan_0(d);
        HashMap<String, Object> hm = new HashMap<>(2);
        try {
            hm = GetSunTime(xcts, longitude, latitude);
        } catch (ParseException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return hm;
    }


    public static HashMap<String, Object> GetSunTime(long day, Double longitude, Double latitude)
            throws ParseException {
        SunRiset(day, longitude, latitude, -35.0 / 60.0, 1, start, end);
        String sunrise = ToLocalTime(start);
        String sunset = ToLocalTime(end);
        HashMap<String, Object> hm = new HashMap<>(2);
        hm.put("sunRise", sunrise);
        hm.put("sunSet", sunset);
        return hm;
    }

    private static String ToLocalTime(Double utTime) {
        int hour = (int) (Math.floor(utTime));
        Double temp = utTime - hour;
        hour += 8;
        temp = temp * 60;
        int minute = (int) (Math.floor(temp));
        String minuteStr = minute + " ";
        if (minute < 10) {
            minuteStr = "0" + minute;
        }
        return hour + ":" + minuteStr;
    }

    private static void Sunpos(Double d, Double lon, Double r) {
        Double M,//太阳的平均近点角，从太阳观察到的地球（=从地球看到太阳的）距近日点（近地点）的角度。
                w, //近日点的平均黄道经度。
                e, //地球椭圆公转轨道离心率。
                E, //太阳的偏近点角。计算公式见下面。

                x, y,
                v;  //真近点角，太阳在任意时刻的真实近点角。


        //自变量的组成：2000.0时刻太阳黄经为356.0470度,此后每天约推进一度（360度/365天
        M = Revolution(356.0470 + 0.9856002585 * d);
        w = 282.9404 + 4.70935E-5 * d;//近日点的平均黄经。

        //地球公转椭圆轨道离心率的时间演化。以上公式和黄赤交角公式一样，不必深究。
        e = 0.016709 - 1.151E-9 * d;

        E = M + e * Radge * Sind(M) * (1.0 + e * Cosd(M));
        x = Cosd(E) - e;
        y = Math.sqrt(1.0 - e * e) * Sind(E);
        setSr(Math.sqrt(x * x + y * y));
        v = Atan2d(y, x);
        lon = v + w;
        setLon(lon);
        if (lon >= 360.0) {
            lon -= 360.0;
            setLon(lon);
        }
    }

    private static void Sun_RA_dec(Double d, Double RA, Double dec, Double r) {
        Double obl_ecl, x, y, z;
        Sunpos(d, lon, r);
        //计算太阳的黄道坐标。
        x = sr * Cosd(lon);
        y = sr * Sind(lon);
        //计算太阳的直角坐标。
        obl_ecl = 23.4393 - 3.563E-7 * d;
        //黄赤交角，同前。
        z = y * Sind(obl_ecl);
        y = y * Cosd(obl_ecl);
        //把太阳的黄道坐标转换成赤道坐标（暂改用直角坐标）。

        setsRA(Atan2d(y, x));
        setSdec(Atan2d(z, Math.sqrt(x * x + y * y)));
        //最后转成赤道坐标。显然太阳的位置是由黄道坐标方便地直接确定的，但必须转换到赤
        //道坐标里才能结合地球的自转确定我们需要的白昼长度。

    }

    private static int SunRiset(long day, Double longitude, Double lat,
                                Double altit, int upper_limb, Double trise, Double tset) {
        Double d,  /* Days since 2000 Jan 0.0 (negative before) */
                //以历元2000.0起算的日数。

                sradius,    /* Sun's apparent radius */
                //太阳视半径，约16分（受日地距离、大气折射等诸多影响）

                t,          /* Diurnal arc */
                //周日弧，太阳一天在天上走过的弧长。

                tsouth,     /* Time when Sun is at south */
                sidtime;    /* Local sidereal time */
        //当地恒星时，即地球的真实自转周期。比平均太阳日（日常时间）长3分56秒。

        int rc = 0; /* Return cde from function - usually 0 */

        /* Compute d of 12h local mean solar time */
        d = day/* Days_since_2000_Jan_0(date)*/ + 0.5 - longitude / 360.0;
        //计算观测地当日中午时刻对应2000.0起算的日数。

        /* Compute local sideral time of this moment */
        sidtime = Revolution(GMST0(d) + 180.0 + longitude);
        //计算同时刻的当地恒星时（以角度为单位）。以格林尼治为基准，用经度差校正。

        /* Compute Sun's RA + Decl at this moment */
        Sun_RA_dec(d, sRA, sdec, sr);
        //计算同时刻太阳赤经赤纬。

        /* Compute time when Sun is at south - in hours UT */
        tsouth = 12.0 - Rev180(sidtime - sRA) / 15.0;
        //计算太阳日的正午时刻，以世界时（格林尼治平太阳时）的小时计。

        /* Compute the Sun's apparent radius, degrees */
        sradius = 0.2666 / sr;
        //太阳视半径。0.2666是一天文单位处的太阳视半径（角度）。

        /* Do correction to upper limb, if necessary */
        if (upper_limb != 0)
            altit -= sradius;
        //如果要用上边缘，就要扣除一个视半径。

        /* Compute the diurnal arc that the Sun traverses to reach */
        //计算周日弧。直接利用球面三角公式。如果碰到极昼极夜问题，同前处理。
        /* the specified altitide altit: */

        Double cost;
        cost = (Sind(altit) - Sind(lat) * Sind(sdec)) /
                (Cosd(lat) * Cosd(sdec));
        if (cost >= 1.0) {
            rc = -1;
            t = 0.0;
        } else {
            if (cost <= -1.0) {
                rc = +1;
                t = 12.0;      /* Sun always above altit */
            } else
                t = Acosd(cost) / 15.0;   /* The diurnal arc, hours */
        }

        /* Store rise and set times - in hours UT */
        setStart(tsouth - t);
        setEnd(tsouth + t);
        return rc;
    }

    private static long Days_since_2000_Jan_0(Date date) {
        String d2000 = "2000-01-01";
        SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd");
        Long ll = 0L;
        try {
            ll = date.getTime() - sdf.parse(d2000).getTime();
        } catch (ParseException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        long day = ll / 1000 / 60 / 60 / 24;
        return day;
    }

    private static Double Revolution(Double x) {
        return (x - 360.0 * Math.floor(x * Inv360));
    }

    private static Double Rev180(Double x) {
        return (x - 360.0 * Math.floor(x * Inv360 + 0.5));
    }

    private static Double GMST0(Double d) {
        Double sidtim0;
        sidtim0 = Revolution((180.0 + 356.0470 + 282.9404) +
                (0.9856002585 + 4.70935E-5) * d);
        return sidtim0;
    }


    private static Double Inv360 = 1.0 / 360.0;

    private static Double Sind(Double x) {
        return Math.sin(x * Degrad);
    }

    private static Double Cosd(Double x) {
        return Math.cos(x * Degrad);
    }

      /*  private static Double Tand(Double x)
        {
            return Math.tan(x * Degrad);

        }

        private static Double Atand(Double x)
        {
            return Radge * Math.atan(x);
        }

        private static Double Asind(Double x)
        {
            return Radge * Math.asin(x);
        }*/

    private static Double Acosd(Double x) {
        return Radge * Math.acos(x);
    }

    private static Double Atan2d(Double y, Double x) {
        return Radge * Math.atan2(y, x);

    }

    private static Double Radge = 180.0 / Math.PI;
    private static Double Degrad = Math.PI / 180.0;

    public static Double getStart() {
        return start;
    }

    public static void setStart(Double start) {
        SunTimesUtil.start = start;
    }

    public static Double getsRA() {
        return sRA;
    }

    public static void setsRA(Double sRA) {
        SunTimesUtil.sRA = sRA;
    }

    public static Double getSdec() {
        return sdec;
    }

    public static void setSdec(Double sdec) {
        SunTimesUtil.sdec = sdec;
    }

    public static Double getSr() {
        return sr;
    }

    public static void setSr(Double sr) {
        SunTimesUtil.sr = sr;
    }

    public static Double getLon() {
        return lon;
    }

    public static void setLon(Double lon) {
        SunTimesUtil.lon = lon;
    }

    public static Double getEnd() {
        return end;
    }

    public static void setEnd(Double end) {
        SunTimesUtil.end = end;
    }

}