解决ViewPager预加载问题

研究了网上的方案，经过个人实验，总结较为有效的两种，大家可以根据自己的实际情况考虑选择使用哪种方法：

1)使用懒加载机制，所谓懒加载就是利用setUserVisibleHint(boolean isVisibleToUser)方法来判断当前Fragment是否可见，从而判断是否需要加载数据,

这里提供一个抽象工具类给大家使用

import android.content.Context;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.annotation.Nullable;
import android.support.v4.app.ListFragment;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.BaseAdapter;

/**
 * Created by CMS on 2016/8/21.
 */
public abstract class BaseListFragment extends ListFragment {
    //Fragment当前是否可见的状态
    protected View mRootView;
    public Context mContext;
    protected boolean isVisible;    //判断Fragment是否可见
    private boolean isPrepared;     //判断控件是否已经做好绑定工作 防止在initData()时报空指针错误
    private boolean isFirst = true;    //判断Fragment是否是第一次加载

    public BaseListFragment(){
    }

    @Override
    public void setUserVisibleHint(boolean isVisibleToUser) {
        super.setUserVisibleHint(isVisibleToUser);
        if(getUserVisibleHint()){
            isVisible=true;
            onVisible();    //Fragment可见时调用的方法
        }else{
            isVisible=false;
            onInVisible();   //Fragment不可见是调用
        }
    }



    @Override
    public void onCreate(@Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        mContext=getActivity();
        setHasOptionsMenu(true);
    }

    @Override
    public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container, Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        if(mRootView==null){    //避免多次重复加载
            mRootView=initView();
        }
        return mRootView;
    }

    @Override
    public void onActivityCreated(@Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onActivityCreated(savedInstanceState);
        isPrepared=true;
        lazyLoad();
    }

    protected  void onInVisible(){

    }

    protected  void onVisible(){
        lazyLoad();
    };
    protected void lazyLoad() {
        if (!isPrepared || !isVisible || !isFirst) {
            return;
        }
        Log.d("TAG", getClass().getName() + "->initData()");
        initData();
        setListAdapter(getAdapter());
        isFirst = false;
        initEvent();
    }

    protected abstract void initData();    //初始化数据的抽象方法  继承后重写即可
    protected abstract View initView();     //初始化view的方法   继承后重写即可
    protected abstract void initEvent();    //初始化各种事件的方法   继承后重写即可
    protected abstract BaseAdapter getAdapter();   //由于我的Fragment需要加载ListView所以需要用户重写方法传入适配器
}

 

2）看了ViewPager的源代码可以知道，里面有个

 

private static final int DEFAULT_OFFSCREEN_PAGES = 1;的常量，

这个常量就是用来控制预加载的项数的，然而通过在外部直接修改其值是行不通的，

所以我们使用低版本v4包里的ViewPager，

完全copy一份，将其中的DEFAULT_OFFSCREEN_PAGES值改为0即可，

这里也直接附上代码，直接拷贝使用即可

import android.content.Context;
import android.database.DataSetObserver;
import android.graphics.Canvas;
import android.graphics.Rect;
import android.graphics.drawable.Drawable;
import android.os.Parcel;
import android.os.Parcelable;
import android.os.SystemClock;
import android.support.v4.os.ParcelableCompat;
import android.support.v4.os.ParcelableCompatCreatorCallbacks;
import android.support.v4.view.KeyEventCompat;
import android.support.v4.view.MotionEventCompat;
import android.support.v4.view.PagerAdapter;
import android.support.v4.view.VelocityTrackerCompat;
import android.support.v4.view.ViewCompat;
import android.support.v4.view.ViewConfigurationCompat;
import android.support.v4.widget.EdgeEffectCompat;
import android.util.AttributeSet;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.FocusFinder;
import android.view.KeyEvent;
import android.view.MotionEvent;
import android.view.SoundEffectConstants;
import android.view.VelocityTracker;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewConfiguration;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.view.ViewParent;
import android.view.accessibility.AccessibilityEvent;
import android.view.animation.Interpolator;
import android.widget.Scroller;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.Comparator;

/**
 * Layout manager that allows the user to flip left and right
 * through pages of data.  You supply an implementation of a
 * {@link android.support.v4.view.PagerAdapter} to generate the pages that the view shows.
 *
 * <p>Note this class is currently under early design and
 * development.  The API will likely change in later updates of
 * the compatibility library, requiring changes to the source code
 * of apps when they are compiled against the newer version.</p>
 */
public class NoPreloadViewPager extends ViewGroup {
    private static final String TAG = "<span style="font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">NoPreLoadViewPager</span>";
    private static final boolean DEBUG = false;

    private static final boolean USE_CACHE = false;

    private static final int DEFAULT_OFFSCREEN_PAGES = 0;//默认是1
    private static final int MAX_SETTLE_DURATION = 600; // ms

    static class ItemInfo {
        Object object;
        int position;
        boolean scrolling;
    }

    private static final Comparator<ItemInfo> COMPARATOR = new Comparator<ItemInfo>(){
        @Override
        public int compare(ItemInfo lhs, ItemInfo rhs) {
            return lhs.position - rhs.position;
        }};

    private static final Interpolator sInterpolator = new Interpolator() {
        public float getInterpolation(float t) {
            // _o(t) = t * t * ((tension + 1) * t + tension)
            // o(t) = _o(t - 1) + 1
            t -= 1.0f;
            return t * t * t + 1.0f;
        }
    };

    private final ArrayList<ItemInfo> mItems = new ArrayList<ItemInfo>();

    private PagerAdapter mAdapter;
    private int mCurItem;   // Index of currently displayed page.
    private int mRestoredCurItem = -1;
    private Parcelable mRestoredAdapterState = null;
    private ClassLoader mRestoredClassLoader = null;
    private Scroller mScroller;
    private PagerObserver mObserver;

    private int mPageMargin;
    private Drawable mMarginDrawable;

    private int mChildWidthMeasureSpec;
    private int mChildHeightMeasureSpec;
    private boolean mInLayout;

    private boolean mScrollingCacheEnabled;

    private boolean mPopulatePending;
    private boolean mScrolling;
    private int mOffscreenPageLimit = DEFAULT_OFFSCREEN_PAGES;

    private boolean mIsBeingDragged;
    private boolean mIsUnableToDrag;
    private int mTouchSlop;
    private float mInitialMotionX;
    /**
     * Position of the last motion event.
     */
    private float mLastMotionX;
    private float mLastMotionY;
    /**
     * ID of the active pointer. This is used to retain consistency during
     * drags/flings if multiple pointers are used.
     */
    private int mActivePointerId = INVALID_POINTER;
    /**
     * Sentinel value for no current active pointer.
     * Used by {@link #mActivePointerId}.
     */
    private static final int INVALID_POINTER = -1;

    /**
     * Determines speed during touch scrolling
     */
    private VelocityTracker mVelocityTracker;
    private int mMinimumVelocity;
    private int mMaximumVelocity;
    private float mBaseLineFlingVelocity;
    private float mFlingVelocityInfluence;

    private boolean mFakeDragging;
    private long mFakeDragBeginTime;

    private EdgeEffectCompat mLeftEdge;
    private EdgeEffectCompat mRightEdge;

    private boolean mFirstLayout = true;

    private OnPageChangeListener mOnPageChangeListener;

    /**
     * Indicates that the pager is in an idle, settled state. The current page
     * is fully in view and no animation is in progress.
     */
    public static final int SCROLL_STATE_IDLE = 0;

    /**
     * Indicates that the pager is currently being dragged by the user.
     */
    public static final int SCROLL_STATE_DRAGGING = 1;

    /**
     * Indicates that the pager is in the process of settling to a final position.
     */
    public static final int SCROLL_STATE_SETTLING = 2;

    private int mScrollState = SCROLL_STATE_IDLE;

    /**
     * Callback interface for responding to changing state of the selected page.
     */
    public interface OnPageChangeListener {

        /**
         * This method will be invoked when the current page is scrolled, either as part
         * of a programmatically initiated smooth scroll or a user initiated touch scroll.
         *
         * @param position Position index of the first page currently being displayed.
         *                 Page position+1 will be visible if positionOffset is nonzero.
         * @param positionOffset Value from [0, 1) indicating the offset from the page at position.
         * @param positionOffsetPixels Value in pixels indicating the offset from position.
         */
        public void onPageScrolled(int position, float positionOffset, int positionOffsetPixels);

        /**
         * This method will be invoked when a new page becomes selected. Animation is not
         * necessarily complete.
         *
         * @param position Position index of the new selected page.
         */
        public void onPageSelected(int position);

        /**
         * Called when the scroll state changes. Useful for discovering when the user
         * begins dragging, when the pager is automatically settling to the current page,
         * or when it is fully stopped/idle.
         *
         * @param state The new scroll state.
         * @see android.support.v4.view.ViewPager#SCROLL_STATE_IDLE
         * @see android.support.v4.view.ViewPager#SCROLL_STATE_DRAGGING
         * @see android.support.v4.view.ViewPager#SCROLL_STATE_SETTLING
         */
        public void onPageScrollStateChanged(int state);
    }

    /**
     * Simple implementation of the {@link android.support.v4.view.LazyViewPager.OnPageChangeListener} interface with stub
     * implementations of each method. Extend this if you do not intend to override
     * every method of {@link android.support.v4.view.LazyViewPager.OnPageChangeListener}.
     */
    public static class SimpleOnPageChangeListener implements OnPageChangeListener {
        @Override
        public void onPageScrolled(int position, float positionOffset, int positionOffsetPixels) {
            // This space for rent
        }

        @Override
        public void onPageSelected(int position) {
            // This space for rent
        }

        @Override
        public void onPageScrollStateChanged(int state) {
            // This space for rent
        }
    }

    public NoPreloadViewPager(Context context) {
        super(context);
        initViewPager();
    }

    public NoPreloadViewPager(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
        super(context, attrs);
        initViewPager();
    }

    void initViewPager() {
        setWillNotDraw(false);
        setDescendantFocusability(FOCUS_AFTER_DESCENDANTS);
        setFocusable(true);
        final Context context = getContext();
        mScroller = new Scroller(context, sInterpolator);
        final ViewConfiguration configuration = ViewConfiguration.get(context);
        mTouchSlop = ViewConfigurationCompat.getScaledPagingTouchSlop(configuration);
        mMinimumVelocity = configuration.getScaledMinimumFlingVelocity();
        mMaximumVelocity = configuration.getScaledMaximumFlingVelocity();
        mLeftEdge = new EdgeEffectCompat(context);
        mRightEdge = new EdgeEffectCompat(context);

        float density = context.getResources().getDisplayMetrics().density;
        mBaseLineFlingVelocity = 2500.0f * density;
        mFlingVelocityInfluence = 0.4f;
    }

    private void setScrollState(int newState) {
        if (mScrollState == newState) {
            return;
        }

        mScrollState = newState;
        if (mOnPageChangeListener != null) {
            mOnPageChangeListener.onPageScrollStateChanged(newState);
        }
    }

    public void setAdapter(PagerAdapter adapter) {
        if (mAdapter != null) {
//            mAdapter.unregisterDataSetObserver(mObserver);
            mAdapter.startUpdate(this);
            for (int i = 0; i < mItems.size(); i++) {
                final ItemInfo ii = mItems.get(i);
                mAdapter.destroyItem(this, ii.position, ii.object);
            }
            mAdapter.finishUpdate(this);
            mItems.clear();
            removeAllViews();
            mCurItem = 0;
            scrollTo(0, 0);
        }

        mAdapter = adapter;

        if (mAdapter != null) {
            if (mObserver == null) {
                mObserver = new PagerObserver();
            }
//            mAdapter.registerDataSetObserver(mObserver);
            mPopulatePending = false;
            if (mRestoredCurItem >= 0) {
                mAdapter.restoreState(mRestoredAdapterState, mRestoredClassLoader);
                setCurrentItemInternal(mRestoredCurItem, false, true);
                mRestoredCurItem = -1;
                mRestoredAdapterState = null;
                mRestoredClassLoader = null;
            } else {
                populate();
            }
        }
    }

    public PagerAdapter getAdapter() {
        return mAdapter;
    }

    /**
     * Set the currently selected page. If the ViewPager has al