linux-文件权限

chmod

#include <sys/stat.h>

int chmod (const char* filename, int mode);

filename是文件名

mode文件权限，八进制数

返回值：成功 返回0，失败返回-1。

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chown

#include <unistd.h>

int chown(const char *path, uid_t owner, gid_t group);

path是文件路径

owner是用户ID，无符号整型。可以通过/etc/passwd访问用户ID

group是组ID，    无符号整型。可以通过/etc/group访问组ID

返回值：成功返回0，失败返回-1

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truncate

#include <unistd.h>
#include <types.h>

int truncate(const char *path, off_t length);

path是文件名，length是文件的最终大小，off_t 是long int。

如果length比之前大，则扩展，反之则截断。

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umask

#include <sys/stat.h>

mode_t umask(mode_t cmask);

#define S_IRWXU 00700
#define S_IRUSR 00400
#define S_IWUSR 00200
#define S_IXUSR 00100

#define S_IRWXG 00070
#define S_IRGRP 00040
#define S_IWGRP 00020
#define S_IXGRP 00010

#define S_IRWXO 00007
#define S_IROTH 00004
#define S_IWOTH 00002
#define S_IXOTH 00001

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stat

#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <unistd.h>

int stat(const char *path, struct stat *buf);
int fstat(int fd, struct stat *buf);
int lstat(const char *path, struct stat *buf);

struct stat {
	unsigned long	st_dev;		/* Device.  */
	unsigned long	st_ino;		/* File serial number.  */
	unsigned int	st_mode;	/* File mode.  */
	unsigned int	st_nlink;	/* Link count.  */
	unsigned int	st_uid;		/* User ID of the file's owner.  */
	unsigned int	st_gid;		/* Group ID of the file's group. */
	unsigned long	st_rdev;	/* Device number, if device.  */
	unsigned long	__pad1;
	long		st_size;	/* Size of file, in bytes.  */
	int		st_blksize;	/* Optimal block size for I/O.  */
	int		__pad2;
	long		st_blocks;	/* Number 512-byte blocks allocated. */
	int		st_atime;	/* Time of last access.  */
	unsigned int	st_atime_nsec;
	int		st_mtime;	/* Time of last modification.  */
	unsigned int	st_mtime_nsec;
	int		st_ctime;	/* Time of last status change.  */
	unsigned int	st_ctime_nsec;
	unsigned int	__unused4;
	unsigned int	__unused5;
}

stat主要用于获取文件的inode信息。

fstat用于获取已在描述符上打开的文件的有关信息。

lstat类似于stat，但是当命名的文件是一个符号链接时，lstat返回该符号链接的有关信息，而不是由该符号链接引用的文件信息。

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