Spring AOP+AspectJ注解实例

Spring AOP+AspectJ注解实例


本文展示如何将AspectJ注解集成到Spring AOP框架。在这个Spring AOP+ AspectJ 示例中,让您轻松实现拦截方法。

常见AspectJ的注解:

  1. @Before – 方法执行前运行
  2. @After – 运行在方法返回结果后
  3. @AfterReturning – 运行在方法返回一个结果后,在拦截器返回结果。
  4. @AfterThrowing – 运行方法在抛出异常后,
  5. @Around – 围绕方法执行运行,结合以上这三个通知。

注意

Spring AOP 中没有 AspectJ 支持,请阅读前文AOP面向切面编程。

1. 启用AspectJ

在 Spring 配置文件,把“<aop:aspectj-autoproxy />”,并定义Aspect(拦截)和普通的bean。

File : applicationContext.xml

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
	xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
	http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd 
	http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop 
	http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd ">

	<aop:aspectj-autoproxy />

	<bean id="customerBo" class="com.myprj.customer.bo.impl.CustomerBoImpl" />

	<!-- Aspect -->
	<bean id="logAspect" class="com.myprj.aspect.LoggingAspect" />

</beans>

2. AspectJ @Before

在下面例子中,logBefore()方法将在 customerBo接口的 addCustomer()方法的执行之前被执行。

AspectJ的“切入点”是用来声明哪种方法将被拦截],支持切入点表达式的完整列表。

File : LoggingAspect.java

package com.myprj.aspect;

import org.aspectj.lang.Joinmyprj;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Aspect;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Before;

@Aspect
public class LoggingAspect {

	@Before("execution(* com.myprj.customer.bo.CustomerBo.addCustomer(..))")
	public void logBefore(Joinmyprj joinmyprj) {

		System.out.println("logBefore() is running!");
		System.out.println("hijacked : " + joinmyprj.getSignature().getName());
		System.out.println("******");
	}

}

运行

CustomerBo customer = (CustomerBo) appContext.getBean("customerBo");
customer.addCustomer();

输出结果

logBefore() is running!
hijacked : addCustomer
******
addCustomer() is running

3. AspectJ @After

在下面例子中,logAfter()方法将在 customerBo 接口的 addCustomer()方法的执行之后执行。

File : LoggingAspect.java

package com.myprj.aspect;

import org.aspectj.lang.Joinmyprj;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Aspect;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.After;

@Aspect
public class LoggingAspect {

	@After("execution(* com.myprj.customer.bo.CustomerBo.addCustomer(..))")
	public void logAfter(Joinmyprj joinmyprj) {

		System.out.println("logAfter() is running!");
		System.out.println("hijacked : " + joinmyprj.getSignature().getName());
		System.out.println("******");

	}

}

运行它

CustomerBo customer = (CustomerBo) appContext.getBean("customerBo");
customer.addCustomer();

输出结果

addCustomer() is running 
logAfter() is running!
hijacked : addCustomer
******

4. AspectJ @AfterReturning

在下面例子中,logAfterReturning()方法将在 customerBo 接口的addCustomerReturnValue()方法执行之后执行。此外,还可以截取返回的值使用“returning”属性。

要截取返回的值,对“returning”属性(结果)的值必须用相同的方法参数(结果)。

File : LoggingAspect.java

package com.myprj.aspect;

import org.aspectj.lang.Joinmyprj;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Aspect;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.AfterReturning;

@Aspect
public class LoggingAspect {

   @AfterReturning(
      pointcut = "execution(* com.myprj.customer.bo.CustomerBo.addCustomerReturnValue(..))",
      returning= "result")
   public void logAfterReturning(Joinmyprj joinmyprj, Object result) {

	System.out.println("logAfterReturning() is running!");
	System.out.println("hijacked : " + joinmyprj.getSignature().getName());
	System.out.println("Method returned value is : " + result);
	System.out.println("******");
   }
}

运行它

CustomerBo customer = (CustomerBo) appContext.getBean("customerBo");
	customer.addCustomerReturnValue();

输出结果

addCustomerReturnValue() is running 
logAfterReturning() is running!
hijacked : addCustomerReturnValue
Method returned value is : abc
******

5. AspectJ @AfterReturning

在下面的例子中,如果 customerBo 接口的addCustomerThrowException()方法抛出异常logAfterThrowing()方法将被执行。

File : LoggingAspect.java

package com.myprj.aspect;

import org.aspectj.lang.Joinmyprj;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Aspect;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.AfterThrowing;

@Aspect
public class LoggingAspect {

   @AfterThrowing(
      pointcut = "execution(* com.myprj.customer.bo.CustomerBo.addCustomerThrowException(..))",
      throwing= "error")
    public void logAfterThrowing(Joinmyprj joinmyprj, Throwable error) {

	System.out.println("logAfterThrowing() is running!");
	System.out.println("hijacked : " + joinmyprj.getSignature().getName());
	System.out.println("Exception : " + error);
	System.out.println("******");

    }
}

运行它

CustomerBo customer = (CustomerBo) appContext.getBean("customerBo");
customer.addCustomerThrowException();

输出结果

addCustomerThrowException() is running 
logAfterThrowing() is running!
hijacked : addCustomerThrowException
Exception : java.lang.Exception: Generic Error
******
Exception in thread "main" java.lang.Exception: Generic Error
	//...

6. AspectJ @Around

在下面例子中,logAround()方法将在customerBo接口的addCustomerAround()方法执行之前执行, 必须定义“joinmyprj.proceed();” 控制何时拦截器返回控制到原来的addCustomerAround()方法。

File : LoggingAspect.java

package com.myprj.aspect;

import org.aspectj.lang.ProceedingJoinmyprj;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Aspect;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Around;

@Aspect
public class LoggingAspect {

   @Around("execution(* com.myprj.customer.bo.CustomerBo.addCustomerAround(..))")
   public void logAround(ProceedingJoinmyprj joinmyprj) throws Throwable {

	System.out.println("logAround() is running!");
	System.out.println("hijacked method : " + joinmyprj.getSignature().getName());
	System.out.println("hijacked arguments : " + Arrays.toString(joinmyprj.getArgs()));
		
	System.out.println("Around before is running!");
	joinmyprj.proceed(); //continue on the intercepted method
	System.out.println("Around after is running!");
		
	System.out.println("******");

   }
	
}

运行它

CustomerBo customer = (CustomerBo) appContext.getBean("customerBo");
customer.addCustomerAround("myprj");

输出结果

logAround() is running!
hijacked method : addCustomerAround
hijacked arguments : [myprj]
Around before is running!
addCustomerAround() is running, args : myprj
Around after is running!
******

总结

如今总是建议采用最少 AspectJ 注解。这是关于Spring AspectJ 的一篇相当长的文章。进一步的解释和例子,请访问下面的参考链接。

Spring AOP+AspectJ在XML配置实例

在下文中,我们将向你展示如何转换上文中 Spring AOP+AspectJ注解转成基于XML的配置。

对于那些不喜欢注释,使用JDK1.4,则可以基于XML,而不使用 AspectJ。

完整的 XML 实例

查看完整的基于XML的 AspectJ 配置文件。

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
	xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
	http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd 
	http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop 
	http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd ">

<aop:aspectj-autoproxy />

<bean id="customerBo" class="com.myprj.customer.bo.impl.CustomerBoImpl" />

<!-- Aspect -->
<bean id="logAspect" class="com.myprj.aspect.LoggingAspect" />

<aop:config>

  <aop:aspect id="aspectLoggging" ref="logAspect">

    <!-- @Before -->
    <aop:pointcut id="pointCutBefore"
      expression="execution(* com.myprj.customer.bo.CustomerBo.addCustomer(..))" />

    <aop:before method="logBefore" pointcut-ref="pointCutBefore" />

    <!-- @After -->
    <aop:pointcut id="pointCutAfter"
       expression="execution(* com.myprj.customer.bo.CustomerBo.addCustomer(..))" />

    <aop:after method="logAfter" pointcut-ref="pointCutAfter" />

    <!-- @AfterReturning -->
    <aop:pointcut id="pointCutAfterReturning"
       expression="execution(* com.myprj.customer.bo.CustomerBo.addCustomerReturnValue(..))" />

    <aop:after-returning method="logAfterReturning"
      returning="result" pointcut-ref="pointCutAfterReturning" />

    <!-- @AfterThrowing -->
    <aop:pointcut id="pointCutAfterThrowing"
      expression="execution(* com.myprj.customer.bo.CustomerBo.addCustomerThrowException(..))" />

    <aop:after-throwing method="logAfterThrowing"
      throwing="error" pointcut-ref="pointCutAfterThrowing" />

    <!-- @Around -->
    <aop:pointcut id="pointCutAround"
      expression="execution(* com.myprj.customer.bo.CustomerBo.addCustomerAround(..))" />

    <aop:around method="logAround" pointcut-ref="pointCutAround" />

  </aop:aspect>

</aop:config>

</beans>
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