最简单的android底部导航栏 + Fragment的实现方式

1、android.support.design.widget.BottomNavigationView 是android原生的一个底部导航框架

区别于gitthub上start数量很多的com.roughike:bottom-bar:2.3.1'（github地址：点击打开链接）：

①android原生的bottomNavigationView初始代码很少也很简单，掌握起来也很快。

②在不使用ViewPager实现联动的情况下，bottomNavigationView使用起来还是很简单，容易上手的。（如有与ViewPager联动的需求，建议使用bottombar）

2、bottomNavigationView + Fragment的实现方式过程：

一、新建项目以BottomNavigationView为初始化模板，默认代码如下：

①activity_main.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<android.support.constraint.ConstraintLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:id="@+id/container"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context="com.zxp.text.MainActivity">

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/message"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_marginLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
        android:layout_marginStart="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
        android:layout_marginTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
        android:text="@string/title_home"
        app:layout_constraintLeft_toLeftOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent" />

    <android.support.design.widget.BottomNavigationView
        android:id="@+id/navigation"
        android:layout_width="0dp"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_marginEnd="0dp"
        android:layout_marginStart="0dp"
        android:background="?android:attr/windowBackground"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintLeft_toLeftOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintRight_toRightOf="parent"
        app:menu="@menu/navigation" />

</android.support.constraint.ConstraintLayout>

最初的xml代码中仅有两个基本控件，一个是tab切换的时候显示的textView，还有一个就是BottomNavigationView，其中决定tab底部按钮的显示的，就是menu文件夹下的navigation.xml文件。

②navigation.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<menu xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">

    <item
        android:id="@+id/navigation_home"
        android:icon="@drawable/ic_home_black_24dp"
        android:title="@string/title_home" />

    <item
        android:id="@+id/navigation_dashboard"
        android:icon="@drawable/ic_dashboard_black_24dp"
        android:title="@string/title_dashboard" />

    <item
        android:id="@+id/navigation_notifications"
        android:icon="@drawable/ic_notifications_black_24dp"
        android:title="@string/title_notifications" />

</menu>

③MainActivity.java

import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.annotation.NonNull;
import android.support.design.widget.BottomNavigationView;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.view.MenuItem;
import android.widget.TextView;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    private TextView mTextMessage;

    private BottomNavigationView.OnNavigationItemSelectedListener mOnNavigationItemSelectedListener
            = new BottomNavigationView.OnNavigationItemSelectedListener() {

        @Override
        public boolean onNavigationItemSelected(@NonNull MenuItem item) {
            switch (item.getItemId()) {
                case R.id.navigation_home:
                    mTextMessage.setText(R.string.title_home);
                    return true;
                case R.id.navigation_dashboard:
                    mTextMessage.setText(R.string.title_dashboard);
                    return true;
                case R.id.navigation_notifications:
                    mTextMessage.setText(R.string.title_notifications);
                    return true;
            }
            return false;
        }
    };

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        mTextMessage = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.message);
        BottomNavigationView navigation = (BottomNavigationView) findViewById(R.id.navigation);
        navigation.setOnNavigationItemSelectedListener(mOnNavigationItemSelectedListener);
    }

}

显然，点击tab切换页面的逻辑是发生在OnNavigationItemSelectedListener这个回调中，当然，我们的实际需求肯定不是为了切换显示一个TextView,那也太没有意义了，接下来就是怎么把Fragment中替换到原来的TextView中。

二、添加Fragment

1、新建几个Fragment，切换嘛，没有几个Fragment怎么切换。新建Fragment1、Fragment2、Fragment3等。

2、

import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.annotation.NonNull;
import android.support.design.widget.BottomNavigationView;
import android.support.v4.app.Fragment;
import android.support.v4.app.FragmentActivity;
import android.support.v4.app.FragmentTransaction;
import android.view.MenuItem;

public class MainActivity extends FragmentActivity {
    private Fragment1 fragment1;     //Fragment1对象
    private Fragment2 fragment2;     //Fragment2对象
    private Fragment[] fragments;    //Fragment数组
    private int lastShowFragment = 0;   //表示最后一个显示的Fragment

    private BottomNavigationView.OnNavigationItemSelectedListener mOnNavigationItemSelectedListener
            = new BottomNavigationView.OnNavigationItemSelectedListener() {

        @Override
        public boolean onNavigationItemSelected(@NonNull MenuItem item) {
            switch (item.getItemId()) {
                case R.id.navigation_home:
                    if (lastShowFragment != 0) {
                        switchFrament(lastShowFragment, 0);
                        lastShowFragment = 0;
                    }
                    return true;
                case R.id.navigation_dashboard:
                    if (lastShowFragment != 1) {
                        switchFrament(lastShowFragment, 1);
                        lastShowFragment = 1;
                    }
                    return true;
            }
            return false;
        }

    };

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        BottomNavigationView navigation = (BottomNavigationView) findViewById(R.id.navigation);
        navigation.setOnNavigationItemSelectedListener(mOnNavigationItemSelectedListener);
        initFragments();
    }

    /**
     * 切换Fragment
     *
     * @param lastIndex 上个显示Fragment的索引
     * @param index     需要显示的Fragment的索引
     */
    public void switchFrament(int lastIndex, int index) {
        FragmentTransaction transaction = getSupportFragmentManager().beginTransaction();
        transaction.hide(fragments[lastIndex]);
        if (!fragments[index].isAdded()) {
            transaction.add(R.id.container, fragments[index]);
        }
        transaction.show(fragments[index]).commitAllowingStateLoss();
    }

    private void initFragments() {
        fragment1 = new PstationFragment();
        fragment2 = new UserInfoFragment();
        fragments = new Fragment[]{fragment1, fragment2};
        lastShowFragment = 0;
        getSupportFragmentManager()
                .beginTransaction()
                .add(R.id.container, fragment1)
                .show(fragment1)
                .commit();
    }
}