OkHttp4.9.0源码分析

最新推荐文章于 2024-04-18 08:20:17 发布

VipPeterGee

最新推荐文章于 2024-04-18 08:20:17 发布

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分类专栏： OkHttp 文章标签： OkHttp4.9.0源码 android 源码分析

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/sinat_35241409/article/details/119533256

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通过前面的学习，我们已经对OKHttp有了简单的认识，并对使用有了详细的了解，下面我们将以一个同步Get请求为例进行OKHttp源码分析。

一、基础同步Get请求

 private val mUrl = "https://www.baidu.com"
 
 // 1、createClient
 private val mClient = OkHttpClient()
// createClientTwo
private val mClient2 = OkHttpClient.Builder().build()
// 2、createRequest
private val mRequest = Request.Builder().url(mUrl).build()

// 3、发起同步get请求
  GlobalScope.launch {
            mClient.newCall(mRequest).execute().use { response ->
                if (response.isSuccessful) {
                    LogUtil.D(log = "request success code is ${response.code}  body is ${response.body.toString()}")
                } else {
                    LogUtil.D(log="request error code is ${response.code}")
                }
            }

        }

通过代码我们发现，创建OkHttpClient的方式有两种：

1、直接创建 OkHttpClient()
2、Builder构建者方式创建 OkHttpClient.Builder().build()

二、源码分析

1、创建OKHttpClient

1.1 直接创建 val mClient = OkHttpClient()

constructor() : this(Builder())

class Builder constructor() {
    // 调度器
    internal var dispatcher: Dispatcher = Dispatcher()
    // 连接池
    internal var connectionPool: ConnectionPool = ConnectionPool()
    // 应用拦截器list
    internal val interceptors: MutableList<Interceptor> = mutableListOf()
    // 网络拦截器list
    internal val networkInterceptors: MutableList<Interceptor> = mutableListOf()
    // eventListenerFactory
    internal var eventListenerFactory: EventListener.Factory = EventListener.NONE.asFactory()
    // 自动重试布尔值
    internal var retryOnConnectionFailure = true
    // 认证中心 默认为NONE
    internal var authenticator: Authenticator = Authenticator.NONE
    // 重定向布尔值
    internal var followRedirects = true
    // ssl重定向布尔值
    internal var followSslRedirects = true
    // cookie控制
    internal var cookieJar: CookieJar = CookieJar.NO_COOKIES
    // 缓存
    internal var cache: Cache? = null
    // DNS配置
    internal var dns: Dns = Dns.SYSTEM
    // 代理
    internal var proxy: Proxy? = null
    // 代理选择器
    internal var proxySelector: ProxySelector? = null
    // 代理认证器
    internal var proxyAuthenticator: Authenticator = Authenticator.NONE
    // 使用默认的Socket工厂产生Socket
    internal var socketFactory: SocketFactory = SocketFactory.getDefault()
    // sslSocketFactory默认为null
    internal var sslSocketFactoryOrNull: SSLSocketFactory? = null
    // x509认证管理器默认为null
    internal var x509TrustManagerOrNull: X509TrustManager? = null
    // 默认连接配置 TLS和CLEARTEXT
    internal var connectionSpecs: List<ConnectionSpec> = DEFAULT_CONNECTION_SPECS
    // 默认HTTP协议
    internal var protocols: List<Protocol> = DEFAULT_PROTOCOLS
    // HostName认证器
    internal var hostnameVerifier: HostnameVerifier = OkHostnameVerifier
    // 认证加密组建
    internal var certificatePinner: CertificatePinner = CertificatePinner.DEFAULT
    // 证书链cleaner
    internal var certificateChainCleaner: CertificateChainCleaner? = null
    // 默认请求超时时常
    internal var callTimeout = 0
    // 默认连接时常
    internal var connectTimeout = 10_000
    // 默认读数据超时时常
    internal var readTimeout = 10_000
    // 默认写数据超时时常
    internal var writeTimeout = 10_000
    // ping间隔，心跳时间
    internal var pingInterval = 0
    // websocket消息最小压缩值
    internal var minWebSocketMessageToCompress = RealWebSocket.DEFAULT_MINIMUM_DEFLATE_SIZE
    }

1.2 Builder方式创建 val mClient2 = OkHttpClient.Builder().build()

默认调用的方法是class Builder constructor() 与方法直接创建方式相同，通过构建者默认对外暴露了自定义配置的方法。

  // 创建builder构造器
 class Builder constructor()
 
 // build创建OkHttpClient
 fun build(): OkHttpClient = OkHttpClient(this)

2、创建Request

val mRequest = Request.Builder().url(mUrl).build()

2.1 builder()

// 默认请求方式为GET
constructor() {
      this.method = "GET"
      this.headers = Headers.Builder()
    }

2.2 url()

/**
* Sets the URL target of this request.
* @throws IllegalArgumentException if [url] is not a valid HTTP or HTTPS URL. Avoid this
* exception by calling [HttpUrl.parse]; it returns null for invalid URLs.
*/
open fun url(url: String): Builder {
       // 替换webSocketURL为http类型url
      // Silently replace web socket URLs with HTTP URLs.
      val finalUrl: String = when {
        url.startsWith("ws:", ignoreCase = true) -> {
          "http:${url.substring(3)}"
        }
        url.startsWith("wss:", ignoreCase = true) -> {
          "https:${url.substring(4)}"
        }
        else -> url
      }

      return url(finalUrl.toHttpUrl())
    }

2.3 build() 创建request

  open fun build(): Request {
      return Request(
          checkNotNull(url) { "url == null" },
          method,
          headers.build(),
          body,
          tags.toImmutableMap()
      )
    }

通过传入的url、method、headers、body创建Request对象

3、创建Call mClient.newCall(mRequest)

3.1 Call

interface Call : Cloneable {
  fun request(): Request
  fun execute(): Response
  fun cancel()
  fun isExecuted(): Boolean
  fun isCanceled(): Boolean
  fun timeout(): Timeout
  public override fun clone(): Call

  fun interface Factory {
    fun newCall(request: Request): Call
  }
}

通过查看Call源码可见，Call实际上是一个接口，并定义了一些常用的方法，具体实现由其实现类提供

3.1 newCall()

 /** Prepares the [request] to be executed at some point in the future. */
 
override fun newCall(request: Request): Call = RealCall(this, request, forWebSocket = false)

通过查看方法可见，实际创建的是一个RealCall对象

3.2 RealCall(this, request, forWebSocket = false)

默认创建的RealCall用来进行HTTP通信，不是进行websocket通信

/**
 * Bridge between OkHttp's application and network layers. This class exposes high-level application
 * layer primitives: connections, requests, responses, and streams.
 *
 * This class supports [asynchronous canceling][cancel]. This is intended to have the smallest
 * blast radius possible. If an HTTP/2 stream is active, canceling will cancel that stream but not
 * the other streams sharing its connection. But if the TLS handshake is still in progress then
 * canceling may break the entire connection.
 */
class RealCall(
  val client: OkHttpClient,
  val originalRequest: Request,
  val forWebSocket: Boolean
) : Call {
    
    ......
}

通过注释我们可以知道：

RealCall是OkHttp应用和网络层连接的桥梁，并将connections、requests、responses和streams暴露出来
提供了小粒度异步取消方法。
如果取消的是活跃的HTTP/2 stream，这个stream将会被取消，但是其他共享连接池的streams不会取消。
如果进行HTTPS请求时，正处于握手过程中，调用该方法，会打断整个连接过程。

3.3 execute()

override fun execute(): Response {
    check(executed.compareAndSet(false, true)) { "Already Executed" }
    timeout.enter()
    callStart()
    try {
      // 步骤1
      client.dispatcher.executed(this)
      // 步骤2
      return getResponseWithInterceptorChain()
    } finally {
     // 标记请求完成
      client.dispatcher.finished(this)
    }
  }

实际上execute执行的方法是通过 client.dispatcher.executed(this)实现的

4、Dispatcher(调度器)

4.1 源码查看

// Dispatcher是用于异步请求执行的策略类，每一个Dispatcher都是用Executor Service独立进行请求，如果使用本地的executor，可以支持maxRequests(默认64)数量集并发请求
class Dispatcher constructor() {
// 支持的最大请求数
@get:Synchronized var maxRequests = 64
    set(maxRequests) {
      require(maxRequests >= 1) { "max < 1: $maxRequests" }
      synchronized(this) {
        field = maxRequests
      }
      promoteAndExecute()
    }
// 支持的单个host地址请求数
  @get:Synchronized var maxRequestsPerHost = 5
    set(maxRequestsPerHost) {
      require(maxRequestsPerHost >= 1) { "max < 1: $maxRequestsPerHost" }
      synchronized(this) {
        field = maxRequestsPerHost
      }
      promoteAndExecute()
    }

   
  @set:Synchronized
  @get:Synchronized
  var idleCallback: Runnable? = null

  private var executorServiceOrNull: ExecutorService? = null
   
   // java线程池 不解释
  @get:Synchronized
  @get:JvmName("executorService") val executorService: ExecutorService
    get() {
      if (executorServiceOrNull == null) {
        executorServiceOrNull = ThreadPoolExecutor(0, Int.MAX_VALUE, 60, TimeUnit.SECONDS,
            SynchronousQueue(), threadFactory("$okHttpName Dispatcher", false))
      }
      return executorServiceOrNull!!
    }

  // 可执行请求队列
  private val readyAsyncCalls = ArrayDeque<AsyncCall>()
  // 正在执行的异步call队列
  private val runningAsyncCalls = ArrayDeque<AsyncCall>()
 // 正在执行的同步请求队列
  private val runningSyncCalls = ArrayDeque<RealCall>()

  constructor(executorService: ExecutorService) : this() {
    this.executorServiceOrNull = executorService
  }

 // 异步请求
  internal fun enqueue(call: AsyncCall) {
    synchronized(this) {
      readyAsyncCalls.add(call)
      if (!call.call.forWebSocket) {
        val existingCall = findExistingCallWithHost(call.host)
        if (existingCall != null) call.reuseCallsPerHostFrom(existingCall)
      }
    }
    promoteAndExecute()
  }

  private fun findExistingCallWithHost(host: String): AsyncCall? {
    for (existingCall in runningAsyncCalls) {
      if (existingCall.host == host) return existingCall
    }
    for (existingCall in readyAsyncCalls) {
      if (existingCall.host == host) return existingCall
    }
    return null
  }

   // 取消所有请求，包括同步请求和异步请求
  @Synchronized fun cancelAll() {
    for (call in readyAsyncCalls) {
      call.call.cancel()
    }
    for (call in runningAsyncCalls) {
      call.call.cancel()
    }
    for (call in runningSyncCalls) {
      call.cancel()
    }
  }

  //  执行请求，返回是否有异步call正在执行状态
  private fun promoteAndExecute(): Boolean {
    this.assertThreadDoesntHoldLock()
    // 可以执行的请求队列
    val executableCalls = mutableListOf<AsyncCall>()
    val isRunning: Boolean
    // 同步方法
    synchronized(this) {
      val i = readyAsyncCalls.iterator()
      while (i.hasNext()) {
        val asyncCall = i.next()
        // 最大请求数限制策略
        if (runningAsyncCalls.size >= this.maxRequests) break // Max capacity.
        // 最大单host请求限制策略
        if (asyncCall.callsPerHost.get() >= this.maxRequestsPerHost) continue // Host max capacity.
        // 从readyAsyncCalls队列中移除
        i.remove()
        asyncCall.callsPerHost.incrementAndGet()
        // 添加到executableCalls队列中
        executableCalls.add(asyncCall)
        runningAsyncCalls.add(asyncCall)
      }
      isRunning = runningCallsCount() > 0
    }
    // 执行executableCalls中请求
    for (i in 0 until executableCalls.size) {
      val asyncCall = executableCalls[i]
      // 调用RealCall中executeOn()方法
      asyncCall.executeOn(executorService)
    }

    return isRunning
  }

  // 同步请求,将RealCall添加到runningSyncCalls队列中
  @Synchronized internal fun executed(call: RealCall) {
    runningSyncCalls.add(call)
  }

 // 请求完成回调
  internal fun finished(call: AsyncCall) {
    //  callsPerHost数量自减
    call.callsPerHost.decrementAndGet()
    finished(runningAsyncCalls, call)
  }

  internal fun finished(call: RealCall) {
    finished(runningSyncCalls, call)
  }


  private fun <T> finished(calls: Deque<T>, call: T) {
    val idleCallback: Runnable?
    synchronized(this) {
        // 从calls中移除call
      if (!calls.remove(call)) throw AssertionError("Call wasn't in-flight!")
      idleCallback = this.idleCallback
    }

    val isRunning = promoteAndExecute()
    // 如果不是在running状态并且callback不为空，运行idleCallback
    if (!isRunning && idleCallback != null) {
      idleCallback.run()
    }
  }

  /** Returns a snapshot of the calls currently awaiting execution. */
  @Synchronized fun queuedCalls(): List<Call> {
    return Collections.unmodifiableList(readyAsyncCalls.map { it.call })
  }

  /** Returns a snapshot of the calls currently being executed. */
  @Synchronized fun runningCalls(): List<Call> {
    return Collections.unmodifiableList(runningSyncCalls + runningAsyncCalls.map { it.call })
  }

  @Synchronized fun queuedCallsCount(): Int = readyAsyncCalls.size

  @Synchronized fun runningCallsCount(): Int = runningAsyncCalls.size + runningSyncCalls.size

  @JvmName("-deprecated_executorService")
  @Deprecated(
      message = "moved to val",
      replaceWith = ReplaceWith(expression = "executorService"),
      level = DeprecationLevel.ERROR)
  fun executorService(): ExecutorService = executorService
}

4.2 RealCall中executeOn()方法

  /**
     * Attempt to enqueue this async call on [executorService]. This will attempt to clean up
     * if the executor has been shut down by reporting the call as failed.
     */
    fun executeOn(executorService: ExecutorService) {
      client.dispatcher.assertThreadDoesntHoldLock()

      var success = false
      try {
      // 使用线程池执行请求
        executorService.execute(this)
        // 成功标记
        success = true
      } catch (e: RejectedExecutionException) {
        val ioException = InterruptedIOException("executor rejected")
        ioException.initCause(e)
        noMoreExchanges(ioException)
        // 抛出io异常
        responseCallback.onFailure(this@RealCall, ioException)
      } finally {
      // 如果没有请求成功，将该请求进行关闭
        if (!success) {
          client.dispatcher.finished(this) // This call is no longer running!
        }
      }
    }

5、getResponseWithInterceptorChain() 拦截器链

  @Throws(IOException::class)
  internal fun getResponseWithInterceptorChain(): Response {
    // Build a full stack of interceptors.
    val interceptors = mutableListOf<Interceptor>()
    interceptors += client.interceptors
    interceptors += RetryAndFollowUpInterceptor(client)
    interceptors += BridgeInterceptor(client.cookieJar)
    interceptors += CacheInterceptor(client.cache)
    interceptors += ConnectInterceptor
    if (!forWebSocket) {
      interceptors += client.networkInterceptors
    }
    interceptors += CallServerInterceptor(forWebSocket)

    // 构建RealInterceptorChain
    val chain = RealInterceptorChain(
        call = this,
        interceptors = interceptors,
        index = 0,
        exchange = null,
        request = originalRequest,
        connectTimeoutMillis = client.connectTimeoutMillis,
        readTimeoutMillis = client.readTimeoutMillis,
        writeTimeoutMillis = client.writeTimeoutMillis
    )

    var calledNoMoreExchanges = false
    // 获取response
    try {
      val response = chain.proceed(originalRequest)
      if (isCanceled()) {
        response.closeQuietly()
        throw IOException("Canceled")
      }
      return response
    } catch (e: IOException) {
      calledNoMoreExchanges = true
      throw noMoreExchanges(e) as Throwable
    } finally {
      if (!calledNoMoreExchanges) {
        noMoreExchanges(null)
      }
    }
  }

拦截器执行流程示意图
[外链图片转存失败,源站可能有防盗链机制,建议将图片保存下来直接上传(img-4ypL72es-1628477873951)(evernotecid://995B5497-6FAA-4C24-AE87-2F5BD5F2399B/appyinxiangcom/18006758/ENResource/p165)]

5.1 RealInterceptorChain

/**
 * A concrete interceptor chain that carries the entire interceptor chain: all application
 * interceptors, the OkHttp core, all network interceptors, and finally the network caller.
 *
 * If the chain is for an application interceptor then [exchange] must be null. Otherwise it is for
 * a network interceptor and [exchange] must be non-null.
 */
class RealInterceptorChain(
  internal val call: RealCall,
  private val interceptors: List<Interceptor>,
  private val index: Int,
  internal val exchange: Exchange?,
  internal val request: Request,
  internal val connectTimeoutMillis: Int,
  internal val readTimeoutMillis: Int,
  internal val writeTimeoutMillis: Int
) : Interceptor.Chain {

通过注释我们可以知道RealInterceptorChain实现了Interceptor.Chain是一个interceptors、OkHttp core、所有网络拦截器和网络调用器的集合
如果chain作为应用拦截器使用时，exchange必须为空；作为网络拦截器使用时，exchange必须非空

5.2 chain.proceed()

通过chain.proceed获取response

val response = chain.proceed(originalRequest)

proceed()

  @Throws(IOException::class)
  override fun proceed(request: Request): Response {
    check(index < interceptors.size)

    calls++

    if (exchange != null) {
      check(exchange.finder.sameHostAndPort(request.url)) {
        "network interceptor ${interceptors[index - 1]} must retain the same host and port"
      }
      check(calls == 1) {
        "network interceptor ${interceptors[index - 1]} must call proceed() exactly once"
      }
    }

    // Call the next interceptor in the chain.
    // 调用chain中的下一个拦截器
    val next = copy(index = index + 1, request = request)
    // 获取当前拦截器集合中拦截器
    val interceptor = interceptors[index]

    @Suppress("USELESS_ELVIS")
    // 通过下一个拦截器获取response 
    val response = interceptor.intercept(next) ?: throw NullPointerException(
        "interceptor $interceptor returned null")
    
    if (exchange != null) {
      check(index + 1 >= interceptors.size || next.calls == 1) {
        "network interceptor $interceptor must call proceed() exactly once"
      }
    }

    check(response.body != null) { "interceptor $interceptor returned a response with no body" }

    return response
  }

看到当前拦截器的Response依赖于下一个拦截器的Intercept的Response，会沿着这条拦截器链依次调用每一个拦截器，最后返回返回Response

copy()方法

  internal fun copy(
    index: Int = this.index,
    exchange: Exchange? = this.exchange,
    request: Request = this.request,
    connectTimeoutMillis: Int = this.connectTimeoutMillis,
    readTimeoutMillis: Int = this.readTimeoutMillis,
    writeTimeoutMillis: Int = this.writeTimeoutMillis
  ) = RealInterceptorChain(call, interceptors, index, exchange, request, connectTimeoutMillis,
      readTimeoutMillis, writeTimeoutMillis)

通过构造传参创建RealInterceptorChain对象

interceptor.intercept(next)

fun interface Interceptor {
  @Throws(IOException::class)
  fun intercept(chain: Chain): Response
...
}

通过代码我们可见，Interceptor是一个接口，具体的实现通过其实现类来提供

6、Interceptor 拦截器

6.1 RetryAndFollowUpInterceptor 重试和重定向拦截器

intercept()

class RetryAndFollowUpInterceptor(private val client: OkHttpClient) : Interceptor {

  @Throws(IOException::class)
  override fun intercept(chain: Interceptor.Chain): Response {
    val realChain = chain as RealInterceptorChain
    var request = chain.request
    val call = realChain.call
    var followUpCount = 0
    var priorResponse: Response? = null
    var newExchangeFinder = true
    var recoveredFailures = listOf<IOException>()
    while (true) {
    //  将call请求添加到网络拦截器中
      call.enterNetworkInterceptorExchange(request, newExchangeFinder)

      var response: Response
      var closeActiveExchange = true
      try {
        if (call.isCanceled()) {
          throw IOException("Canceled")
        }

        try {
          // 通过realChain处理请求
          response = realChain.proceed(request)
          newExchangeFinder = true
        } catch (e: RouteException) {
          // The attempt to connect via a route failed. The request will not have been sent.
          // 路由通过失败，尝试进行恢复，如果请求不能恢复则抛出异常
          if (!recover(e.lastConnectException, call, request, requestSendStarted = false)) {
            throw e.firstConnectException.withSuppressed(recoveredFailures)
          } else {
            recoveredFailures += e.firstConnectException
          }
          newExchangeFinder = false
          continue
        } catch (e: IOException) {
          // An attempt to communicate with a server failed. The request may have been sent.
          // 与server通信失败，发生IO异常时，尝试进行恢复
          if (!recover(e, call, request, requestSendStarted = e !is ConnectionShutdownException)) {
            throw e.withSuppressed(recoveredFailures)
          } else {
            recoveredFailures += e
          }
          newExchangeFinder = false
          continue
        }

        // Attach the prior response if it exists. Such responses never have a body.    
        // 如果priorResponse存在的话，附加priorResponse来创建response
        if (priorResponse != null) {
          response = response.newBuilder()
              .priorResponse(priorResponse.newBuilder()
                  .body(null)
                  .build())
              .build()
        }
        // exchange 用来传输独立的request和response对
        val exchange = call.interceptorScopedExchange
        // 重点方法 通过response和exchange获取request进行重试
        val followUp = followUpRequest(response, exchange)
        
        // followUp为空，直接返回response
        if (followUp == null) {
            // exchange不为空，并且exchange是双工通信方式 
          if (exchange != null && exchange.isDuplex) {
          // 退出timeout策略
            call.timeoutEarlyExit()
          }
          closeActiveExchange = false
          return response
        }
        
        val followUpBody = followUp.body
        // followUpBody不为空，并且是单工通信方式，直接返回response
        if (followUpBody != null && followUpBody.isOneShot()) {
          closeActiveExchange = false
          return response
        }
        // 关闭response Body
        response.body?.closeQuietly()

        if (++followUpCount > MAX_FOLLOW_UPS) {
          throw ProtocolException("Too many follow-up requests: $followUpCount")
        }
        // 缓存request
        request = followUp
        // 缓存response
        priorResponse = response
      } finally {
        // 退出NetworkInterceptorExchange
        call.exitNetworkInterceptorExchange(closeActiveExchange)
      }
    }
  }

followUpRequest(response, exchange)

  @Throws(IOException::class)
  private fun followUpRequest(userResponse: Response, exchange: Exchange?): Request? {
    val route = exchange?.connection?.route()
    val responseCode = userResponse.code

    val method = userResponse.request.method
    when (responseCode) {
      HTTP_PROXY_AUTH -> {
        val selectedProxy = route!!.proxy
        if (selectedProxy.type() != Proxy.Type.HTTP) {
          throw ProtocolException("Received HTTP_PROXY_AUTH (407) code while not using proxy")
        }
        // code 407，调用认证器重新进行认证
        return client.proxyAuthenticator.authenticate(route, userResponse)
      }
       // 401 重新认证
      HTTP_UNAUTHORIZED -> return client.authenticator.authenticate(route, userResponse)
       
      HTTP_PERM_REDIRECT, HTTP_TEMP_REDIRECT, HTTP_MULT_CHOICE, HTTP_MOVED_PERM, HTTP_MOVED_TEMP, HTTP_SEE_OTHER -> {
        // 重定向
        return buildRedirectRequest(userResponse, method)
      }
        // 客户端超时处理
      HTTP_CLIENT_TIMEOUT -> {
        // 408's are rare in practice, but some servers like HAProxy use this response code. The
        // spec says that we may repeat the request without modifications. Modern browsers also
        // repeat the request (even non-idempotent ones.)
        if (!client.retryOnConnectionFailure) {
          // The application layer has directed us not to retry the request.
          return null
        }

        val requestBody = userResponse.request.body
        if (requestBody != null && requestBody.isOneShot()) {
          return null
        }
        val priorResponse = userResponse.priorResponse
        if (priorResponse != null && priorResponse.code == HTTP_CLIENT_TIMEOUT) {
          // We attempted to retry and got another timeout. Give up.
          return null
        }
        
        if (retryAfter(userResponse, 0) > 0) {
          return null
        }

        return userResponse.request
      }
      // code 503处理
      HTTP_UNAVAILABLE -> {
        val priorResponse = userResponse.priorResponse
        if (priorResponse != null && priorResponse.code == HTTP_UNAVAILABLE) {
          // We attempted to retry and got another timeout. Give up.
          return null
        }

        if (retryAfter(userResponse, Integer.MAX_VALUE) == 0) {
          // specifically received an instruction to retry without delay
          return userResponse.request
        }

        return null
      }
        // code 421处理
      HTTP_MISDIRECTED_REQUEST -> {
        // OkHttp can coalesce HTTP/2 connections even if the domain names are different. See
        // RealConnection.isEligible(). If we attempted this and the server returned HTTP 421, then
        // we can retry on a different connection.
        val requestBody = userResponse.request.body
        if (requestBody != null && requestBody.isOneShot()) {
          return null
        }

        if (exchange == null || !exchange.isCoalescedConnection) {
          return null
        }

        exchange.connection.noCoalescedConnections()
        return userResponse.request
      }

      else -> return null
    }
  }

通过源码我们可以看到，该方法根据返回的不同状态码，进行了不同的重试和重定向操作
3) buildRedirectRequest

 private fun buildRedirectRequest(userResponse: Response, method: String): Request? {
    // Does the client allow redirects?
    if (!client.followRedirects) return null

    val location = userResponse.header("Location") ?: return null
    // Don't follow redirects to unsupported protocols.
    val url = userResponse.request.url.resolve(location) ?: return null

    // If configured, don't follow redirects between SSL and non-SSL.
    val sameScheme = url.scheme == userResponse.request.url.scheme
    if (!sameScheme && !client.followSslRedirects) return null

    // Most redirects don't include a request body.
    // 根据userReponse中数据，重新构造requestBuilder
    val requestBuilder = userResponse.request.newBuilder()
    if (HttpMethod.permitsRequestBody(method)) {
      val responseCode = userResponse.code
      val maintainBody = HttpMethod.redirectsWithBody(method) ||
          responseCode == HTTP_PERM_REDIRECT ||
          responseCode == HTTP_TEMP_REDIRECT
      if (HttpMethod.redirectsToGet(method) && responseCode != HTTP_PERM_REDIRECT && responseCode != HTTP_TEMP_REDIRECT) {
        requestBuilder.method("GET", null)
      } else {
        val requestBody = if (maintainBody) userResponse.request.body else null
        requestBuilder.method(method, requestBody)
      }
      // 不支持body时移除相关header内容
      if (!maintainBody) {
        requestBuilder.removeHeader("Transfer-Encoding")
        requestBuilder.removeHeader("Content-Length")
        requestBuilder.removeHeader("Content-Type")
      }
    }

    // When redirecting across hosts, drop all authentication headers. This
    // is potentially annoying to the application layer since they have no
    // way to retain them.
    if (!userResponse.request.url.canReuseConnectionFor(url)) {
      requestBuilder.removeHeader("Authorization")
    }
    // 返回构建好的request
    return requestBuilder.url(url).build()
  }

6.2 BridgeInterceptor 桥接拦截器

根据用户的request创建网络请求，处理网络请求，最后通过网络请求将response返回给用户

/**
 * Bridges from application code to network code. First it builds a network request from a user
 * request. Then it proceeds to call the network. Finally it builds a user response from the network
 * response.
 */
class BridgeInterceptor(private val cookieJar: CookieJar) : Interceptor {

  @Throws(IOException::class)
  override fun intercept(chain: Interceptor.Chain): Response {
   // 获取用户request
    val userRequest = chain.request()
    val requestBuilder = userRequest.newBuilder()

    val body = userRequest.body
    // 根据body添加相应的请求header
    if (body != null) {
      val contentType = body.contentType()
      if (contentType != null) {
        requestBuilder.header("Content-Type", contentType.toString())
      }

      val contentLength = body.contentLength()
      if (contentLength != -1L) {
        requestBuilder.header("Content-Length", contentLength.toString())
        requestBuilder.removeHeader("Transfer-Encoding")
      } else {
        requestBuilder.header("Transfer-Encoding", "chunked")
        requestBuilder.removeHeader("Content-Length")
      }
    }

    if (userRequest.header("Host") == null) {
      requestBuilder.header("Host", userRequest.url.toHostHeader())
    }

    if (userRequest.header("Connection") == null) {
      requestBuilder.header("Connection", "Keep-Alive")
    }

    // If we add an "Accept-Encoding: gzip" header field we're responsible for also decompressing
    // the transfer stream.
    var transparentGzip = false
    if (userRequest.header("Accept-Encoding") == null && userRequest.header("Range") == null) {
      transparentGzip = true
      requestBuilder.header("Accept-Encoding", "gzip")
    }

    val cookies = cookieJar.loadForRequest(userRequest.url)
    // 根据cookie配置在header中添加cookie
    if (cookies.isNotEmpty()) {
      requestBuilder.header("Cookie", cookieHeader(cookies))
    }

    if (userRequest.header("User-Agent") == null) {
      requestBuilder.header("User-Agent", userAgent)
    }
    // 通过构建好的requestBuilder获取networkResponse
    val networkResponse = chain.proceed(requestBuilder.build())
    
    cookieJar.receiveHeaders(userRequest.url, networkResponse.headers)

    val responseBuilder = networkResponse.newBuilder()
        .request(userRequest)

    if (transparentGzip &&
        "gzip".equals(networkResponse.header("Content-Encoding"), ignoreCase = true) &&
        networkResponse.promisesBody()) {
      val responseBody = networkResponse.body
      // 根据gzip配置对response数据进行压缩操作
      if (responseBody != null) {
        val gzipSource = GzipSource(responseBody.source())
        val strippedHeaders = networkResponse.headers.newBuilder()
            .removeAll("Content-Encoding")
            .removeAll("Content-Length")
            .build()
        responseBuilder.headers(strippedHeaders)
        val contentType = networkResponse.header("Content-Type")
        responseBuilder.body(RealResponseBody(contentType, -1L, gzipSource.buffer()))
      }
    }

    return responseBuilder.build()
  }

  /** Returns a 'Cookie' HTTP request header with all cookies, like `a=b; c=d`. */
  private fun cookieHeader(cookies: List<Cookie>): String = buildString {
    cookies.forEachIndexed { index, cookie ->
      if (index > 0) append("; ")
      append(cookie.name).append('=').append(cookie.value)
    }
  }
}

6.3 CacheInterceptor

用于向request提供缓存并将response数据写入缓存

intercept 缓存拦截器

/** Serves requests from the cache and writes responses to the cache. */
class CacheInterceptor(internal val cache: Cache?) : Interceptor {

  @Throws(IOException::class)
  override fun intercept(chain: Interceptor.Chain): Response {
    val call = chain.call()
    // 通过request查询缓存中该对应的response
    val cacheCandidate = cache?.get(chain.request())

    val now = System.currentTimeMillis()
    // 获取缓存策略
    val strategy = CacheStrategy.Factory(now, chain.request(), cacheCandidate).compute()
    val networkRequest = strategy.networkRequest
    val cacheResponse = strategy.cacheResponse
    // 根据缓存策略跟踪缓存
    cache?.trackResponse(strategy)
    val listener = (call as? RealCall)?.eventListener ?: EventListener.NONE
    
    // cacheResponse为空，关闭cacheCandidate
    if (cacheCandidate != null && cacheResponse == null) {
      // The cache candidate wasn't applicable. Close it.
      cacheCandidate.body?.closeQuietly()
    }

    // If we're forbidden from using the network and the cache is insufficient, fail.
    // 请求为空并且缓存响应为空，返回504
    if (networkRequest == null && cacheResponse == null) {
      return Response.Builder()
          .request(chain.request())
          .protocol(Protocol.HTTP_1_1)
          .code(HTTP_GATEWAY_TIMEOUT)
          .message("Unsatisfiable Request (only-if-cached)")
          .body(EMPTY_RESPONSE)
          .sentRequestAtMillis(-1L)
          .receivedResponseAtMillis(System.currentTimeMillis())
          .build().also {
            listener.satisfactionFailure(call, it)
          }
    }

    // If we don't need the network, we're done.
    // 返回cacheResponse
    if (networkRequest == null) {
      return cacheResponse!!.newBuilder()
            // 将cacheResponse中body置为空
          .cacheResponse(stripBody(cacheResponse))
          .build().also {
          // 回调cacheHit
            listener.cacheHit(call, it)
          }
    }

    if (cacheResponse != null) {
      listener.cacheConditionalHit(call, cacheResponse)
    } else if (cache != null) {
      listener.cacheMiss(call)
    }

    var networkResponse: Response? = null
    // 请求网络获取响应
    try {
      networkResponse = chain.proceed(networkRequest)
    } finally {
      // If we're crashing on I/O or otherwise, don't leak the cache body.
      if (networkResponse == null && cacheCandidate != null) {
        cacheCandidate.body?.closeQuietly()
      }
    }

    // If we have a cache response too, then we're doing a conditional get.
    if (cacheResponse != null) {
      if (networkResponse?.code == HTTP_NOT_MODIFIED) {
      // response没有变化，合并cacheResponse和networkResponse的headers,更新缓存时间
        val response = cacheResponse.newBuilder()
            .headers(combine(cacheResponse.headers, networkResponse.headers))
            .sentRequestAtMillis(networkResponse.sentRequestAtMillis)
            .receivedResponseAtMillis(networkResponse.receivedResponseAtMillis)
            .cacheResponse(stripBody(cacheResponse))
            .networkResponse(stripBody(networkResponse))
            .build()

        networkResponse.body!!.close()

        // Update the cache after combining headers but before stripping the
        // Content-Encoding header (as performed by initContentStream()).
        cache!!.trackConditionalCacheHit()
        // 更新缓存
        cache.update(cacheResponse, response)
        return response.also {
          listener.cacheHit(call, it)
        }
      } else {
      // networkResponse发生了变化，cacheResponse已经失效，关闭cacheResponse
        cacheResponse.body?.closeQuietly()
      }
    }
    // 使用networkResponse构建response
    val response = networkResponse!!.newBuilder()
        .cacheResponse(stripBody(cacheResponse))
        .networkResponse(stripBody(networkResponse))
        .build()

    if (cache != null) {
      if (response.promisesBody() && CacheStrategy.isCacheable(response, networkRequest)) {
        // Offer this request to the cache.
        // 将request写入缓存之中
        val cacheRequest = cache.put(response)
        return cacheWritingResponse(cacheRequest, response).also {
          if (cacheResponse != null) {
            // This will log a conditional cache miss only.
            listener.cacheMiss(call)
          }
        }
      }

      if (HttpMethod.invalidatesCache(networkRequest.method)) {
        try {
          cache.remove(networkRequest)
        } catch (_: IOException) {
          // The cache cannot be written.
        }
      }
    }

    return response
  }

cacheWritingResponse 写缓存
通过io操作将response写入到cacheResponse中

  /**
   * Returns a new source that writes bytes to [cacheRequest] as they are read by the source
   * consumer. This is careful to discard bytes left over when the stream is closed; otherwise we
   * may never exhaust the source stream and therefore not complete the cached response.
   */
  @Throws(IOException::class)
  private fun cacheWritingResponse(cacheRequest: CacheRequest?, response: Response): Response {
    // Some apps return a null body; for compatibility we treat that like a null cache request.
    if (cacheRequest == null) return response
    val cacheBodyUnbuffered = cacheRequest.body()

    val source = response.body!!.source()
    val cacheBody = cacheBodyUnbuffered.buffer()

    val cacheWritingSource = object : Source {
      private var cacheRequestClosed = false

      @Throws(IOException::class)
      override fun read(sink: Buffer, byteCount: Long): Long {
        val bytesRead: Long
        try {
          bytesRead = source.read(sink, byteCount)
        } catch (e: IOException) {
          if (!cacheRequestClosed) {
            cacheRequestClosed = true
            cacheRequest.abort() // Failed to write a complete cache response.
          }
          throw e
        }

        if (bytesRead == -1L) {
          if (!cacheRequestClosed) {
            cacheRequestClosed = true
            cacheBody.close() // The cache response is complete!
          }
          return -1
        }

        sink.copyTo(cacheBody.buffer, sink.size - bytesRead, bytesRead)
        cacheBody.emitCompleteSegments()
        return bytesRead
      }

      override fun timeout() = source.timeout()

      @Throws(IOException::class)
      override fun close() {
        if (!cacheRequestClosed &&
            !discard(ExchangeCodec.DISCARD_STREAM_TIMEOUT_MILLIS, MILLISECONDS)) {
          cacheRequestClosed = true
          cacheRequest.abort()
        }
        source.close()
      }
    }

    val contentType = response.header("Content-Type")
    val contentLength = response.body.contentLength()
    // 返回带有header的response作为cacheResponse
    return response.newBuilder()
        .body(RealResponseBody(contentType, contentLength, cacheWritingSource.buffer()))
        .build()
  }

6.4 ConnectInterceptor

ConnectInterceptor用于向目标服务器开启一个连接并指向下一个拦截器，用于返回response或者用于通过get方式刷新缓存

/**
 * Opens a connection to the target server and proceeds to the next interceptor. The network might
 * be used for the returned response, or to validate a cached response with a conditional GET.
 */
 // 单例类
object ConnectInterceptor : Interceptor {
  @Throws(IOException::class)
  override fun intercept(chain: Interceptor.Chain): Response {
    val realChain = chain as RealInterceptorChain
    // 寻找下一个连接作为request和response的载体
    val exchange = realChain.call.initExchange(chain)
    // 复制到realChain中
    val connectedChain = realChain.copy(exchange = exchange)
    // 处理请求，返回response
    return connectedChain.proceed(realChain.request)
  }
}

6.5 CallServerInterceptor

最后一个拦截器，用于通过网络请求服务器

/** This is the last interceptor in the chain. It makes a network call to the server. */
class CallServerInterceptor(private val forWebSocket: Boolean) : Interceptor {

  @Throws(IOException::class)
  override fun intercept(chain: Interceptor.Chain): Response {
    val realChain = chain as RealInterceptorChain
    val exchange = realChain.exchange!!
    val request = realChain.request
    val requestBody = request.body
    val sentRequestMillis = System.currentTimeMillis()
    // 写入请求头
    exchange.writeRequestHeaders(request)

    var invokeStartEvent = true
    var responseBuilder: Response.Builder? = null
    // 根据请求方式，设置requestBody
    if (HttpMethod.permitsRequestBody(request.method) && requestBody != null) {
      // If there's a "Expect: 100-continue" header on the request, wait for a "HTTP/1.1 100
      // Continue" response before transmitting the request body. If we don't get that, return
      // what we did get (such as a 4xx response) without ever transmitting the request body.
      // 根据header构建responseBuilder
      if ("100-continue".equals(request.header("Expect"), ignoreCase = true)) {
        exchange.flushRequest()
        responseBuilder = exchange.readResponseHeaders(expectContinue = true)
        exchange.responseHeadersStart()
        invokeStartEvent = false
      }
      if (responseBuilder == null) {
      // 双工类型requestBody,刷新request
        if (requestBody.isDuplex()) {
          // Prepare a duplex body so that the application can send a request body later.
          exchange.flushRequest()
          val bufferedRequestBody = exchange.createRequestBody(request, true).buffer()
          requestBody.writeTo(bufferedRequestBody)
        } else {
          // Write the request body if the "Expect: 100-continue" expectation was met.
          // 非双工类型，将requestBody写入buffer中
          val bufferedRequestBody = exchange.createRequestBody(request, false).buffer()
          requestBody.writeTo(bufferedRequestBody)
          bufferedRequestBody.close()
        }
      } else {
        exchange.noRequestBody()
        // 不支持多路输出
        if (!exchange.connection.isMultiplexed) {
          // If the "Expect: 100-continue" expectation wasn't met, prevent the HTTP/1 connection
          // from being reused. Otherwise we're still obligated to transmit the request body to
          // leave the connection in a consistent state.
          exchange.noNewExchangesOnConnection()
        }
      }
    } else {
      exchange.noRequestBody()
    }
    // 刷新底层socket，并发出无数据需要传输信号
    if (requestBody == null || !requestBody.isDuplex()) {
      exchange.finishRequest()
    }
    // responseBuilder为空时，通过exchange读取响应头
    if (responseBuilder == null) {
      responseBuilder = exchange.readResponseHeaders(expectContinue = false)!!
      if (invokeStartEvent) {
        exchange.responseHeadersStart()
        invokeStartEvent = false
      }
    }
    // 通过responseBuilder，发起request请求，并通过exchange进行握手，获取response
    var response = responseBuilder
        .request(request)
        .handshake(exchange.connection.handshake())
        .sentRequestAtMillis(sentRequestMillis)
        .receivedResponseAtMillis(System.currentTimeMillis())
        .build()
    var code = response.code
    // code为100，重新通过exchange读取响应头来获取responseBuilder
    if (code == 100) {
      // Server sent a 100-continue even though we did not request one. Try again to read the actual
      // response status.
      responseBuilder = exchange.readResponseHeaders(expectContinue = false)!!
      // 读取响应头
      if (invokeStartEvent) {
        exchange.responseHeadersStart()
      }
      // 通过responseBuilder重新获取response
      response = responseBuilder
          .request(request)
          .handshake(exchange.connection.handshake())
          .sentRequestAtMillis(sentRequestMillis)
          .receivedResponseAtMillis(System.currentTimeMillis())
          .build()
      code = response.code
    }

    exchange.responseHeadersEnd(response)
    
    response = if (forWebSocket && code == 101) {
      // Connection is upgrading, but we need to ensure interceptors see a non-null response body.
      // 构建websocket响应
      response.newBuilder()
          .body(EMPTY_RESPONSE)
          .build()
    } else {
       // 构建response
      response.newBuilder()
          .body(exchange.openResponseBody(response))
          .build()
    }
    if ("close".equals(response.request.header("Connection"), ignoreCase = true) ||
        "close".equals(response.header("Connection"), ignoreCase = true)) {
      exchange.noNewExchangesOnConnection()
    }
    if ((code == 204 || code == 205) && response.body?.contentLength() ?: -1L > 0L) {
      throw ProtocolException(
          "HTTP $code had non-zero Content-Length: ${response.body?.contentLength()}")
    }
    return response
  }
}

1、先通过exchange写入请求头
2、根据请求方式设置请求体
3、调用finishRequest刷新底部socket，并发射完成信号
4、读取responseHeaders并通过responseBuilder构建response
5、通过exchange.openResponseBody(response)将带请求体的response返回

7、整体流程图

[> 通过前面的学习，我们已经对OKHttp有了简单的认识，并对使用有了详细的了解，下面我们将以一个同步Get请求为例进行OKHttp源码分析。