关于面试时碰到的几个多线程手撕代码题

总结秋招和实习面试的时候碰到的几个手撕的多线程代码题：

问题一：三个线程循环打印ABC，线程一打印A，线程二打印B，线程三打印C，打印10遍即可。这个问题主要是考察怎么使用线程同步的问题，通常情况下我们有多种解法，可以使用Condition，Synchronize，semaphore等等，我们用可重入锁来解答这个问题。（美团实习）

package com.test;

import java.util.concurrent.locks.Condition;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.Lock;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock;

/**
 * @author 红字V
 * Created on 2021-08-19
 * @description：多线程面试题
 */
public class PrintABC {

    private int flag = 1;
    Lock lock = new ReentrantLock();
    Condition conditionA = lock.newCondition();
    Condition conditionB = lock.newCondition();
    Condition conditionC = lock.newCondition();

    public void printA(){
        lock.lock();
        try {
            while(flag != 1){
                conditionA.await();
            }
            System.out.print("A");
            conditionB.signal();
            flag = 2;
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            lock.unlock();
        }
    }
    public void printB(){
        lock.lock();
        try {
            while(flag != 2){
                conditionB.await();
            }
            System.out.print("B");
            conditionC.signal();
            flag = 3;
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            lock.unlock();
        }
    }
    public void printC(){
        lock.lock();
        try {
            while(flag != 3){
                conditionC.await();
            }
            System.out.println("C");
            conditionA.signal();
            flag = 1;
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            lock.unlock();
        }
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        PrintABC printABC = new PrintABC();
        Thread thread1 = new Thread(()->{
            for(int i = 0; i<10;i++) printABC.printA();
        });
        Thread thread2 = new Thread(()->{
            for(int i = 0; i<10;i++) printABC.printB();
        });
        Thread thread3 = new Thread(()->{
            for(int i = 0; i<10;i++) printABC.printC();
        });
        thread1.start();
        thread2.start();
        thread3.start();
    }
}

---

问题二：两个线程循环打印1-100，线程1打印奇数，线程2打印偶数（拼多多实习面试），其实我们解决了上面那个问题，这个问题易如反掌，只是稍微变形一下，你不妨自己尝试先写写然后再看答案。

import java.util.concurrent.locks.Condition;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.Lock;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock;

/**
 * @author 红字V
 * Created on 2021-08-19
 * @description：print odd and even via two threads
 */
public class PrintOddAndEven {

    private static int flag = 1;
    Lock lock = new ReentrantLock();
    Condition conditionEven = lock.newCondition();
    Condition conditionOdd = lock.newCondition();

    public void printEven(){
        lock.lock();
        try {
            while(flag % 2 != 0){
                conditionEven.await();
            }
            System.out.print(flag+" ");
            conditionOdd.signal();
            flag ++;
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            lock.unlock();
        }
    }
    public void printOdd(){
        lock.lock();
        try {
            while(flag % 2 != 1){
                conditionOdd.await();
            }
            System.out.print(flag+" ");
            conditionEven.signal();
            flag ++;
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            lock.unlock();
        }
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        PrintOddAndEven printOddAndEven = new PrintOddAndEven();
        Thread thread1 = new Thread(()->{
            while (flag < 100) printOddAndEven.printEven();
        });
        Thread thread2 = new Thread(()->{
            while (flag < 100) printOddAndEven.printOdd();
        });
        thread1.start();
        thread2.start();
    }
}

---

问题三：阻塞队列，线程池的实现（滴滴实习），见我的这篇文章。

阻塞队列和线程池的实现