题目:
12. Integer to Roman
Medium
Roman numerals are represented by seven different symbols: I
, V
, X
, L
, C
, D
and M
.
Symbol Value I 1 V 5 X 10 L 50 C 100 D 500 M 1000
For example, two is written as II
in Roman numeral, just two one's added together. Twelve is written as, XII
, which is simply X
+ II
. The number twenty seven is written as XXVII
, which is XX
+ V
+ II
.
Roman numerals are usually written largest to smallest from left to right. However, the numeral for four is not IIII
. Instead, the number four is written as IV
. Because the one is before the five we subtract it making four. The same principle applies to the number nine, which is written as IX
. There are six instances where subtraction is used:
I
can be placed beforeV
(5) andX
(10) to make 4 and 9.X
can be placed beforeL
(50) andC
(100) to make 40 and 90.C
can be placed beforeD
(500) andM
(1000) to make 400 and 900.
Given an integer, convert it to a roman numeral. Input is guaranteed to be within the range from 1 to 3999.
Example 1:
Input: 3 Output: "III"
Example 2:
Input: 4 Output: "IV"
Example 3:
Input: 9 Output: "IX"
Example 4:
Input: 58 Output: "LVIII" Explanation: L = 50, V = 5, III = 3.
Example 5:
Input: 1994 Output: "MCMXCIV" Explanation: M = 1000, CM = 900, XC = 90 and IV = 4.
题意:
Given an integer, convert it to a roman numeral. Input is guaranteed to be within the range from 1 to 3999.
题意就是将给定的数字(1-3999)转换成罗马数字表示。
思路:
题目说了关键的信息:
Symbol Value I 1 V 5 X 10 L 50 C 100 D 500 M 1000
以及:
I
can be placed beforeV
(5) andX
(10) to make 4 and 9.X
can be placed beforeL
(50) andC
(100) to make 40 and 90.C
can be placed beforeD
(500) andM
(1000) to make 400 and 900.
IX、IV这样的字母组合起来是减法;利用这些信息可以将所有组合列举出来。
然后选取对应的字母组合。
1.列举所有组合
roman = ['M','CM','D','CD','C','XC','L','XL','X','IX','V','IV','I']
对应的数值:
value = [1000,900,500, 400, 100, 90, 50, 40, 10, 9, 5, 4, 1]
2.遍历value给输入的数查找对应的组合,将组合字符串拼接起来就是最后的结果。
代码:
#12;Leet Code OJ 12. Integer to Roman
# from collections import Counter
class Solution(object):
def intToRoman(self, num):
roman = ['M','CM','D','CD','C','XC','L','XL','X','IX','V','IV','I']
value = [1000,900,500, 400, 100, 90, 50, 40, 10, 9, 5, 4, 1]
for i in range(len(value)):
while num>=value[i]:
num = num-value[i]
str_roman= str_roman+roman[i]
return str_roman