5月29日，使用 AsyncTask 在后台线程上运行代码，Android 开发，每日20行，第81天。

FlickrFetchr.java

package com.example.aster.photogallery;

import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.URL;

public class FlickrFetchr {
    public byte[] getUrlBytes(String urlSpec) throws IOException {
        URL url = new URL(urlSpec);
        HttpURLConnection connection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();

        try {
            ByteArrayOutputStream out = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
            InputStream in = connection.getInputStream();

            if (connection.getResponseCode() != HttpURLConnection.HTTP_OK) {
                throw new IOException(connection.getResponseMessage() +
                        ": with " +
                        urlSpec);
            }

            int bytesRead = 0;
            byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
            while ((bytesRead = in.read(buffer)) > 0) {
                out.write(buffer, 0, bytesRead);
            }
            out.close();
            return out.toByteArray();
        } finally {
            connection.disconnect();
        }
    }

    public String getUrlString(String urlSpec) throws IOException {
        return new String(getUrlBytes(urlSpec));
    }
}

PhotoGalleryActivity.java

package com.example.aster.photogallery;

import android.support.v4.app.Fragment;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;

public class PhotoGalleryActivity extends SingleFragmentActivity {

    @Override
    protected Fragment createFragment() {
        return PhotoGalleryFragment.newInstance();
    }
}

PhotoGalleryFragment.java

package com.example.aster.photogallery;

import android.os.AsyncTask;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.v4.app.Fragment;
import android.support.v7.widget.GridLayoutManager;
import android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;

import java.io.IOException;

public class PhotoGalleryFragment extends Fragment {

    private static final String TAG = "PhotoGalleryFragment";

    private RecyclerView mPhotoRecyclerView;

    public static PhotoGalleryFragment newInstance() {
        return new PhotoGalleryFragment();
    }

    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setRetainInstance(true);
        new FetchItemsTask().execute();
    }

    @Override
    public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,
                             Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        View v = inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_photo_gallery, container, false);

        mPhotoRecyclerView = (RecyclerView) v.findViewById(R.id.photo_recycler_view);
        mPhotoRecyclerView.setLayoutManager(new GridLayoutManager(getActivity(), 3));

        return v;
    }

    private class FetchItemsTask extends AsyncTask<Void, Void, Void> {
        @Override
        protected Void doInBackground(Void... params) {
            try {
                String result = new FlickrFetchr()
                        .getUrlString("https://www.bignerdranch.com");
                Log.i(TAG, "Fetched contents of URL: " + result);
            } catch (IOException ioe) {
                Log.e(TAG, "Failed to fetch URL: ", ioe);
            }
            return null;
        }
    }
}

SingleFragmentActivity.java

package com.example.aster.photogallery;

import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.annotation.LayoutRes;
import android.support.v4.app.Fragment;
import android.support.v4.app.FragmentManager;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;

public abstract class SingleFragmentActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    protected abstract Fragment createFragment();

    @LayoutRes
    protected int getLayoutResId() {
        return R.layout.activity_fragment;
    }

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(getLayoutResId());

        FragmentManager fm = getSupportFragmentManager();
        Fragment fragment = fm.findFragmentById(R.id.fragment_container);

        if (fragment == null) {
            fragment = createFragment();
            fm.beginTransaction().add(R.id.fragment_container, fragment).commit();
        }
    }
}

AndroidManifest.java

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    package="com.example.aster.photogallery">

    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />

    <application
        android:allowBackup="true"
        android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
        android:label="@string/app_name"
        android:roundIcon="@mipmap/ic_launcher_round"
        android:supportsRtl="true"
        android:theme="@style/AppTheme">
        <activity android:name=".PhotoGalleryActivity">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />

                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>
    </application>

</manifest>

activity_fragment.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<FrameLayout
    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:id="@+id/fragment_container"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"/>

fragment_photo_gallery.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView
    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:id="@+id/photo_recycler_view"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context="com.example.aster.photogallery.PhotoGalleryActivity" />