MVC +EF 增删改查

设计图：

 

数据库：

use master
go
if exists(select * from sys.databases where name='QU')
drop database QU
create database QU
use QU
create table class
(
classID int not null identity primary key,
classname varchar(10) not null
)
 
create table studentinfo
(
ID int not null identity primary key,
studentname varchar(10) not null,
age int not null,
phone varchar(50) not null,
email varchar(50) not null,
Fk_classID int references class(classID)
)
insert into class values('1班')
insert into class values('2班')
insert into class values('3班')
insert into studentinfo values('木子洋1',12,'12345678901','12345@qq.com',1)
insert into studentinfo values('木子洋2',13,'12345678902','12345@qq.com',2)
insert into studentinfo values('木子洋3',14,'12345678903','12345@qq.com',3)
insert into studentinfo values('木子洋4',15,'12345678904','12345@qq.com',1)
insert into studentinfo values('木子洋5',16,'12345678905','12345@qq.com',2)
select * from studentinfo

 新建一个MVC项目，创建EF框架（代码student这个控制器里面）

写完控制器编写视图：

return view这句话选择view右键——添加视图——

视图名称：可以不修改

模板：查询（list）添加（create）修改（edit）

模型类：选择自己当前操作的实体类（比如我查询用到的实体类是student）

数据上下文类：不选

——点击确定

查询 

需要根据要显示的内容显示在models写一个新的实体类

 public class Student
    {
        public int ID { get; set; }
        public string studentname { get; set; }
        public int age { get; set; }
        public string phone { get; set; }
        public string email { get; set; }
        public Nullable<int> Fk_classID { get; set; }

        public string classname { get; set; }

    }

控制器代码：

   /// <summary>
        /// 列表显示
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public ActionResult Index()
        {
            //实例化显示上下文
            QUEntities db = new QUEntities();
            var stu = new Student();
            var model = db.studentinfo .Where(s => true).Select(s => new Student()
            {
                age  = s.age,
                Fk_classID = (int)s.Fk_classID,
                classname = s.@class.classname,
                email = s.email,
                ID = s.ID,
                phone = s.phone,
                studentname = s.studentname,
            }).ToList();
            return View(model);
        
        }
  /// <summary>
        /// 获取学员的班级信息
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns></returns>
        private List<SelectListItem> GetClassInfo()
        {
            //1.实例化数据访问上下文
            using (var db = new QUEntities())
            {
                //2.查询学员班级信息
                //3.构造学员班级信息数据
                var classInfo = db.@class.Where(c => true).Select(c => new SelectListItem
                {
                    Text = c.classname,
                    Value = c.classID.ToString()
                }).ToList();
                return classInfo;

            }
        }

 视图：

@model IEnumerable<WebApplication11.Models.Student>
<script src="~/Scripts/jquery-1.10.2.js"></script>
<p>
    @Html.ActionLink("Create New", "Create")
</p>
<h2>学员列表</h2>
<div class="form-group">

    <label for="Name">姓名</label>
    <input style="width:150px;" id="Name" name="Name" type="text">
    <label for="Name">手机</label>
    <input style="width:150px;" id="Name" name="Name" type="text">

    <label for="Name">班级</label>
    <select style="width:150px;height:25px;">
        <option value="value">请选择</option>
    </select>
    <a href="@Url.Action("Add","Student")" class="btn btn-success">查询</a>
</div>
<table class="table">
  
    
            <tr>
                <td>编号</td>
                <td>姓名</td>
                <td>年龄</td>
                <td>手机</td>
                <td>邮箱</td>
                <td>班级</td>
                <td>操作</td>
            </tr>
       
    
        @foreach (var item in Model)
        {
            <tr>
                <td>
                    @Html.DisplayFor(modelItem => item.ID)
                </td>
                <td>
                    @Html.DisplayFor(modelItem => item.studentname)
                </td>
                <td>
                    @Html.DisplayFor(modelItem => item.age)
                </td>
                <td>
                    @Html.DisplayFor(modelItem => item.phone)
                </td>
                <td>
                    @Html.DisplayFor(modelItem => item.email)
                </td>
                <td>
                    @Html.DisplayFor(modelItem => item.classname)
                </td>
                <td>
                    <a href="@Url.Action("Edit","Student",new {id=item.ID })" class="btn btn-warning" style="margin-right: 10px;">修改</a>
                    <a href="javascript:;" onclick="deleteStudent(@item.ID)" class="btn btn-danger">删除</a>
                </td>
            </tr>
        }
   
</table>
<a href="@Url.Action("Add","Student")" class="btn btn-success">添加</a>

@section Scripts
    {
    <script>
        //删除学员
        function deleteStudent(id) {
            //如果确认删除则进行删除操作
            if (confirm("确定要删除吗？")) {
                //使用Ajax请求删除该记录
                $.post("@Url.Action("Delete","Student")", { Id: id }, function (data) {
                    //如果执行成功则刷新页面重新进行数据绑定
                    if (data.IsSuccess) {
                        location.reload();
                    }
                    else {
                        alert(data.ErrorMessage);
                    }

                }, "json");
            }
        }

    </script>
}

添加

实体类：（studentadd）

   public class studentadd
    {
        public int ID { get; set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// 姓名
        /// </summary>
        [DisplayName("姓名")]
        [Required(ErrorMessage = "请输入姓名")]
        [StringLength(4, ErrorMessage = "你的名字太长了，是火星来的么？")]
        public string studentname { get; set; }
        [DisplayName("年龄")]
        [Required(ErrorMessage = "请输入年龄")]
        [Range(0, 130, ErrorMessage = "您寿比南山，打破了吉尼斯记录，你造吗？")]
        [RegularExpression(@"^\d{1,3}$", ErrorMessage = "您输入的格式不正确，请换个姿势再来一次")]
        public int age { get; set; }
        [DisplayName("手机")]
        [Required(ErrorMessage = "请输入手机")]
        [RegularExpression(@"^1[3578]\d{9}$", ErrorMessage = "您输入手机格式比较另类，无法与您取得联系~")]
        public string phone { get; set; }
        [DisplayName("邮箱")]
        [Required(ErrorMessage = "请输入邮箱")]
        [DataType(DataType.EmailAddress, ErrorMessage = "您输入的邮箱格式不正确~")]
        public string email { get; set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// 班级Id
        /// </summary>
        [DisplayName("班级")]
        [Required(ErrorMessage = "请选择班级")]
        public Nullable<int> Fk_classID { get; set; }


    }

 

控制器代码：（下拉框显示在查询里面）

/// <summary>
        /// 添加学员
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public ActionResult Add()
        {
            var viewModel = new studentadd();
            ViewBag.ClassInfo = GetClassInfo();
            return View(viewModel);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 提交添加新学员
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="model"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        [HttpPost]
        public ActionResult Add(studentadd model)
        {
            //1.模型验证
            if (ModelState.IsValid)
            {
                //2.如果验证通过，写入新数据
                //2.1实例化数据访问上下文
                using (var db = new QUEntities())
                {
                    var entity = new studentinfo()
                    {
                        age  = model.age,
                        Fk_classID = model.Fk_classID,
                        email = model.email,
                        phone = model.phone,
                        studentname = model.studentname
                    };

                    //2.2调用Add方法
                    db.studentinfo.Add(entity);
                    //2.3提交操作
                    db.SaveChanges();
                    ViewBag.Msg = "新学员添加成功！";
                }
            }
            else
            {   //3.如果验证不通过，消息提示
                ModelState.AddModelError("", "您输入的信息有误！");
            }
            ViewBag.ClassInfo = GetClassInfo();
            return View(model);
        }

视图：

@model WebApplication11.Models.studentadd

@using (Html.BeginForm("Add", "Student", FormMethod.Post)) 
{
                @Html.AntiForgeryToken()

                <div class="form-horizontal">
        <h4>添加学员</h4>
        <hr />
        @Html.ValidationSummary(true, "", new { @class = "text-danger" })
        <div class="form-group">
            @Html.LabelFor(model => model.studentname, htmlAttributes: new { @class = "control-label col-md-2" })
            <div class="col-md-10">
                @Html.EditorFor(model => model.studentname, new { htmlAttributes = new { @class = "form-control" } })
                @Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.studentname, "", new { @class = "text-danger" })
            </div>
        </div>

        <div class="form-group">
            @Html.LabelFor(model => model.age, htmlAttributes: new { @class = "control-label col-md-2" })
            <div class="col-md-10">
                @Html.EditorFor(model => model.age, new { htmlAttributes = new { @class = "form-control" } })
                @Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.age, "", new { @class = "text-danger" })
            </div>
        </div>

        <div class="form-group">
            @Html.LabelFor(model => model.phone, htmlAttributes: new { @class = "control-label col-md-2" })
            <div class="col-md-10">
                @Html.EditorFor(model => model.phone, new { htmlAttributes = new { @class = "form-control" } })
                @Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.phone, "", new { @class = "text-danger" })
            </div>
        </div>

        <div class="form-group">
            @Html.LabelFor(model => model.email, htmlAttributes: new { @class = "control-label col-md-2" })
            <div class="col-md-10">
                @Html.EditorFor(model => model.email, new { htmlAttributes = new { @class = "form-control" } })
                @Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.email, "", new { @class = "text-danger" })
            </div>
        </div>

        <div class="form-group">
            @Html.LabelFor(model => model.Fk_classID, htmlAttributes: new { @class = "control-label col-md-2" })
            <div class="col-md-10">
      
             
                    @Html.DropDownListFor(model => model.Fk_classID, (List<SelectListItem>)ViewBag.ClassInfo, new { @class = "form-control" })
             
            </div>
        </div>

        <div class="form-group">
            <div class="col-md-offset-2 col-md-10">
                <input type="submit" value="添加" class="btn btn-default" />
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>
    <div class="form-group">
        <div class="col-md-offset-2 col-md-10">
            <label style="color:red">@ViewBag.Msg</label>
        </div>
    </div>
}

<div>
    @Html.ActionLink("Back to List", "Index")
</div>

修改

实体类：（和添加是一个是一个实体类）

控制器：

   #region 修改学员



        /// <summary>
        /// 修改学员
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="id"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public ActionResult Edit(int id)
        {
            //1.实例化数据访问上下文
            using (var db = new QUEntities())
            {
                var viewModel = new studentadd();
                //2.根据id查询对应的学员信息
                var student = db.studentinfo.FirstOrDefault(s => s.ID == id);
                if (student != null)
                {
                    //3.构造视图需要的实体
                    viewModel = new studentadd()
                    {
                        age = student.age,
                        Fk_classID = (int)student.Fk_classID,
                        email = student.email,
                        ID = student.ID,
                        phone = student.phone,
                        studentname = student.studentname
                    };
                }

                ViewBag.ClassInfo = GetClassInfo();
                return View(viewModel);
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 提交学员修改
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="viewModel"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        [HttpPost]
        public ActionResult Edit(studentadd viewModel)
        {
            //模型验证
            if (ModelState.IsValid)
            {
                //1.实例化数据访问上下文
                using (var db = new QUEntities())
                {
                    //2.查询出当前修改的学员
                    var model = db.studentinfo.FirstOrDefault(s => s.ID  == viewModel.ID);
                    //3.对学员的属性赋值
                    if (model != null)
                    {
                        model.age = viewModel.age;
                        model.Fk_classID = viewModel.Fk_classID;
                        model.email = viewModel.email;
                        model.phone = viewModel.phone;
                        model.studentname = viewModel.studentname;
                        //4.提交操作
                        db.SaveChanges();
                        ViewBag.Msg = "学员信息修改成功！";
                    }

                }
            }
            else
            {
                ModelState.AddModelError("", "您输入的信息有误！");
            }
            ViewBag.ClassInfo = GetClassInfo();
            return View(viewModel);

        }

        #endregion

视图：

@model WebApplication11.Models.studentadd

@using (Html.BeginForm())
{
    @Html.AntiForgeryToken()
    
    <div class="form-horizontal">
        <h4>studentadd</h4>
        <hr />
        @Html.ValidationSummary(true, "", new { @class = "text-danger" })
        @Html.HiddenFor(model => model.ID)

        <div class="form-group">
            @Html.LabelFor(model => model.studentname, htmlAttributes: new { @class = "control-label col-md-2" })
            <div class="col-md-10">
                @Html.EditorFor(model => model.studentname, new { htmlAttributes = new { @class = "form-control" } })
                @Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.studentname, "", new { @class = "text-danger" })
            </div>
        </div>

        <div class="form-group">
            @Html.LabelFor(model => model.age, htmlAttributes: new { @class = "control-label col-md-2" })
            <div class="col-md-10">
                @Html.EditorFor(model => model.age, new { htmlAttributes = new { @class = "form-control" } })
                @Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.age, "", new { @class = "text-danger" })
            </div>
        </div>

        <div class="form-group">
            @Html.LabelFor(model => model.phone, htmlAttributes: new { @class = "control-label col-md-2" })
            <div class="col-md-10">
                @Html.EditorFor(model => model.phone, new { htmlAttributes = new { @class = "form-control" } })
                @Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.phone, "", new { @class = "text-danger" })
            </div>
        </div>

        <div class="form-group">
            @Html.LabelFor(model => model.email, htmlAttributes: new { @class = "control-label col-md-2" })
            <div class="col-md-10">
                @Html.EditorFor(model => model.email, new { htmlAttributes = new { @class = "form-control" } })
                @Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.email, "", new { @class = "text-danger" })
            </div>
        </div>

        <div class="form-group">
            @Html.LabelFor(model => model.Fk_classID, htmlAttributes: new { @class = "control-label col-md-2" })
            <div class="col-md-10">
                @Html.DropDownListFor(model => model.Fk_classID, (List<SelectListItem>)ViewBag.ClassInfo, new { @class = "form-control" })
            </div>
        </div>

        <div class="form-group">
            <div class="col-md-offset-2 col-md-10">
                <input type="submit" value="提交修改" class="btn btn-default" />
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>
    <div class="form-group">
        <div class="col-md-offset-2 col-md-10">
            <label style="color:red">@ViewBag.Msg</label>
        </div>
    </div>
}

<div>
    @Html.ActionLink("Back to List", "Index")
</div>

删除：（ajax）

实体类：（json）

/// <summary>
        /// 返回结果消息json
        /// </summary>
    public class ResultModel
    {
 
            /// <summary>
            /// 是否操作成功
            /// </summary>
            public bool IsSuccess { get; set; }

            /// <summary>
            /// 错误消息提示
            /// </summary>
            public string ErrorMessage { get; set; }
      
    }

控制器：

 /// <summary>
        /// 删除学员
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="id"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        [HttpPost]
        public ActionResult Delete(int id)
        {
            //1.实例化数据访问上下文
            using (var db = new QUEntities())
            {
                var result = new ResultModel();
                //2.查询当前删除的学员是否存在
                var model = db.studentinfo.FirstOrDefault(s => s.ID == id);
                if (model != null)
                {
                    //3.如果存在则删除
                    //3.1调用Remove方法标记为删除
                    db.studentinfo.Remove(model);
                    //3.2提交操作
                    if (db.SaveChanges() > 0)
                    {
                        result.IsSuccess = true;
                        result.ErrorMessage = "删除成功";
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        result.IsSuccess = false;
                        result.ErrorMessage = "网络繁忙，请稍后重试";
                    }
                }
                else
                {
                    //4.如果不存在则提示错误消息
                    result.IsSuccess = false;
                    result.ErrorMessage = "当前的学员已经删除！";

                }
                return Json(result);
            }

        }