学习python2的几种错误点分析

今天在linux里编写小脚本学习python2,但是出了几个错误

猜数字小脚本：

#This is a guess the number game.
import random
guessesTaken = 0
print('Hello! What is your name?')
myName = raw_input()
number = random.randint(1,20)
print("Well,%s,I am thinking of a number between 1 and 20."%(myName))
while guessesTaken < 6:
    print'Take a guess.' # there are four spaces in font of print.
    guess =raw_input()
    guess = int(guess)

    guessesTaken  =guessesTaken + 1
    if guess < number:
        print("Your guess is too Low.")# there are eight space in front print.
    if guess > number:
        print("Your guess is too high.")
    if guess == number:
        break
if guess ==number:
    guessTaken = str(guessesTaken)
    print('Good job,'+myName +'! You guessed my number in '+guessesTaken + 'guesses!')
if guess != number:
    number = str(number)
    print('Nope.The number I was thinking of was'+ number)

但是大家都知道，python2和3毕竟是有区别的，在运行到第8行和第23行时，分别报出来了错误（上面的第8行修改过了）

第8行原来的代码是：print(‘Well,’+myName+’,I am thinking of a number between 1 and 20.’)

Error1:
root@kali:~# python guessnum.py 
Hello! What is your name?
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "guessnum.py", line 8, in <module>
    print('Well,'+myName+',I am thinking of a number between 1 and 20.')
TypeError: cannot concatenate 'str' and 'builtin_function_or_method' objects

Error2:
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "guessnum.py", line 23, in <module>
    print('Good job,'+myName +'! You guessed my number in '+guessesTaken + 'guesses!')
TypeError: cannot concatenate 'str' and 'int' objects

下面分别对错误进行修改：

concatenate 的意思是【连接；嵌套】的意思，builtin：翻译：内置的；内在的；内接的；

Error1的错是：不能把str(字符串)和builtin_function_or_method（内置函数 _ 或 _ 方法）连接在一起；

想法1：用format()方法进行格式化处理，

print('Well,'{0},I am thinking of a number between 1 and 20.'.format(myName))

很好，不报错了，但是它把打印出来的语句改了

Hello! What is your name?
Well,<built-in function input>,I am thinking of a number between 1 and 20.

替代了让用户输入的名字，这怎么可以，

我认为错了。打印出来的就是字符串了，不在是编码里的变量了，不在具有变量替换功能了。so.这个方法 No pass 不通过。

想法2: %格式化替换法

print("Well,%s,I am thinking of a number between 1 and 20."%(myName))


运行：
Hello! What is your name?
lili
Well,lili,I am thinking of a number between 1 and 20.

可以，成功了。

这里说一个py2和py3的不同,py2中的raw_input() 等同于py3里的input( ),

python2中的raw_input()与python3中的input()功能一样，raw_input()会把用户输入的任何值都作为字符串来对待；而python2中的input不能读取非字符串，
在这里插入图片描述

可能有点看不清，尊重原文，（引用原文: https://blog.csdn.net/mydistance/article/details/85951450 ）

Error2: str(字符串)不能和int(整数)一起连接使用，

解决方法：

解决这个方法只有提前把num转换为字符串类型，可以使用bytes函数把int型转换为string型。https://blog.csdn.net/u012102306/article/details/50851355

guessesTake = bytes(guessesTaken)   #改为字符串类型
print('Good job,%s ! You guessed my number in %s guesses!'%(myName,guessesTaken))

正确代码：

# -*- coding: utf8 -*-
#This #This is a guess the number game.
import random
guessesTaken = 0
print('Hello! What is your name?')
#myName = raw_input()
myName = raw_input()   # 接收字符串类型
number = random.randint(1,20)
print("Well,%s,I am thinking of a number between 1 and 20."%(myName))
while guessesTaken < 6:
    print'Take a guess.' # there are four spaces in font of print.
    guess =raw_input()
    guess = int(guess)

    guessesTaken  =guessesTaken + 1
    if guess < number:
        print("Your guess is too Low.")# there are eight space in front print.
    if guess > number:
        print("Your guess is too high.")
    if guess == number:
        break
if guess ==number:
    guessTaken = str(guessesTaken)
    guessesTake = bytes(guessesTaken)   #改为字符串类型
    print('Good job,%s ! You guessed my number in %s guesses!'%(myName,guessesTaken))
if guess != number:
    number = str(number)
    print('Nope.The number I was thinking of was'+ number)

经测试运行成功。
几种Python字符串拼接方法链接https://www.cnblogs.com/bigtreei/p/7892113.html

8 错误和异常(Errors and Exceptions)：https://blog.csdn.net/on_1y/article/details/8631204

py2和py3的区别：https://www.cnblogs.com/ttkl/p/9398791.html

https://blog.csdn.net/mydistance/article/details/85951450