MySQL双主一从 + keepalived高可用 + NFS 部署

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已于 2023-10-16 09:31:42 修改

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文章标签： mysql 数据库 linux

于 2023-10-15 16:35:24 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/sing_lala/article/details/133844259

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MySQL双主一从 + keepalived高可用 + NFS 部署

MySQL双主一从 + keepalived高可用 + NFS 部署

主机名	ip	数据库主从	高可用服务器	NFS	系统版本
mysql-slave	192.168.234.33	从	无	无	CentOS8
mysql-master01	192.168.234.22	主	主	无	CentOS8
mysql-master02	192.168.234.123	主	备	无	CentOS8
nfs	192.168.234.100	无	无	有	CentOS8

vip设置为192.168.234.234

1. 部署NFS

1.1 安装nfs

[root@nfs ~]# yum install -y nfs-utils

//启动服务
[root@nfs ~]#   systemctl start rpcbind nfs-server

1.2 创建MySQL用户

//注：主主与NFS的用户id需保持一致
[root@nfs ~]# groupadd -r -g 234 mysql
[root@nfs ~]# useradd -r -M -s /sbin/nologin -g 234 -u 234 mysql

1.3 关闭防火墙

[root@nfs ~]# systemctl disable --now firewalld
Removed /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/firewalld.service.
Removed /etc/systemd/system/dbus-org.fedoraproject.FirewallD1.service.
[root@nfs ~]# setenforce 0
[root@nfs ~]# sed -i 's/^SELINUX=enforcing/SELINUX=disabled/g' /etc/selinux/config

1.4 创建共享目录

[root@nfs ~]# mkdir -p /data/nfs/mysql
[root@nfs ~]# chown -R mysql:mysql /data/nfs/mysql/

1.5 配置export

[root@nfs ~]# vim /etc/exports
[root@nfs ~]# cat /etc/exports
/data/nfs/mysql 192.168.234.22(rw,no_root_squash) 192.168.234.123(rw,no_root_squash)

//在mysql-master01装nfs服务
[root@mysql-master01 ~]# yum install -y nfs-utils
[root@mysql-master01 ~]# systemctl enable --now nfs-server


//在mysql-master02装nfs服务
[root@mysql-master02 ~]# yum install -y nfs-utils
[root@mysql-master02 ~]# systemctl enable --now nfs-server


//验证是否nfs是否搭建成功
[root@nfs ~]# showmount -e 192.168.234.22
Export list for 192.168.234.22:
[root@nfs ~]# showmount -e 192.168.234.22
Export list for 192.168.234.22:
[root@nfs ~]# showmount -e 192.168.234.123
Export list for 192.168.234.123:
[root@nfs ~]# showmount
Hosts on nfs:

2. 部署主主MySQL

2.1 mysql-master01配置

//创建用户与目录
[root@mysql-master01 ~]# mkdir -p /data/mysql
[root@mysql-master01 ~]# groupadd -r -g 234 mysql
[root@mysql-master01 ~]# useradd -r -M -s /sbin/nologin -g 234 -u 234 mysql
[root@mysql-master01 ~]# 
[root@mysql-slave ~]# chown -R mysql.mysql /data/mysql/


//挂载到nfs目录
[root@mysql-master01 ~]# mount -t nfs 192.168.234.100:/data/nfs/mysql /data/mysql
[root@mysql-master01 ~]# df -Th
Filesystem                      Type      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
······················略

192.168.234.100:/data/nfs/mysql nfs4       17G  2.0G   16G  12% /data/mysql  ##挂载成功

2.2 mysql-master02配置

//创建用户与目录
[root@mysql-master02 ~]# mkdir -p /data/mysql
[root@mysql-master02 ~]# groupadd -r -g 234 mysql
[root@mysql-master02 ~]# useradd -r -M -s /sbin/nologin -g 234 -u 234 mysql
[root@mysql-master02 ~]# 
[root@mysql-slave ~]# chown -R mysql.mysql /data/mysql/


//挂载到nfs目录
[root@mysql-master02 ~]# mount -t nfs 192.168.234.100:/data/nfs/mysql /data/mysql
[root@mysql-master02 ~]# df -Th
Filesystem                      Type      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
······················略

192.168.234.100:/data/nfs/mysql nfs4       17G  2.0G   16G  12% /data/mysql  ##挂载成功

2.3 将在两台主数据库上源码编译安装MySQL

源码编译安装详细步骤可参考《MySQL基础》，在这里只阐述主要步骤

//注意：  msyql-master02操作与msyql-master01的区别在于：不需要再初始化了，利用主初始化好的，进行运行mysql

//mysql-master01操作
[root@mysql-master01 local]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --datadir=/data/mysql/
[root@mysql-master01 local]# cd
[root@mysql-master01 ~]# echo Xkq7?5Vu1lfT > mysql_password

//启动服务
[root@mysql-master01 ~]# service mysqld start

//设置密码
[root@mysql-master01 ~]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password: 
mysql> set password = password('1');

//停止服务
//注意：mysql-master01与msyql-master02只能同时开启一个
[root@mysql-master01 ~]# service mysqld stop

msyql-master02操作

//注意：  msyql-master02操作与msyql-master01的区别在于：此处不需要在初始化了，利用主初始化好的，进行运行mysql


//可以看到密码已经同步
[root@mysql-master02 ~]# mysql -uroot -p1
[root@mysql-master02 ~]# service mysqld start


//停止服务
[root@mysql-master02 ~]# service mysqld stop
Shutting down MySQL.. SUCCESS!

验证

//在master01上创建数据库，看master02是否成功同步
[root@mysql-master01 ~]# service mysqld start
Starting MySQL. SUCCESS! 
[root@mysql-master01 ~]# mysql -uroot -p1

mysql> create database kiwi;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| kiwi               |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sys                |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> exit
Bye
[root@mysql-master01 ~]# service mysqld stop
Shutting down MySQL.. SUCCESS! 


//在master02上查看
[root@mysql-master02 ~]# service mysqld start
Starting MySQL. SUCCESS! 
[root@mysql-master02 ~]# mysql -uroot -p -e 'show databases;'
Enter password: 
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| kiwi               |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sys                |
+--------------------+
//可以看见同步成功

2.4 配置主从复制的配置文件

//master01配置文件
[root@mysql-master01 mysql]# vim /etc/my.cnf
[root@mysql-master01 mysql]# cat /etc/my.cnf 
## 追加下面几行
server-id = 10
log-bin = mysql_bin
[root@mysql-master01 ~]# 


//添加master02配置文件
[root@mysql-master02 ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf
[root@mysql-master02 ~]# cat /etc/my.cnf 
##追加下面几行
server-id = 10
log-bin = mysql_bin
[root@mysql-master02 ~]# 


//在mysql-master01上创建授权用户
[root@mysql-master01 ~]# mysql -uroot -p1

mysql> create user 'kiwi'@'192.168.234.%' identified with mysql_native_password by '1';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)


mysql> grant replication slave on *.* to 'kiwi'@'192.168.234.%';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| File             | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| mysql_bin.000001 |      154 |              |                  |                   |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)


//由于做了NFS，所以只需在master02上看有无master状态就行
[root@mysql-master02 ~]# mysql -uroot -p1 -e 'show master status;'
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| File             | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| mysql_bin.000002 |      154 |              |                  |                   |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
[root@mysql-master02 ~]#

3. 部署keepalived高可用

3.1 配置状态检查脚本与修改主配置文件

//在mysql-master01上编写
[root@mysql-master01 ~]# vim /kiwi_scripts/check_mysql.sh
[root@mysql-master01 ~]# cat /kiwi_scripts/check_mysql.sh 
#!/bin/bash
mysql_status=$(ps -ef|grep -Ev "grep|$0"|grep '\bmysql\b'|wc -l)
if [ $mysql_status -lt 1 ];then
    systemctl stop keepalived
fi

//在mysql-master01上配置
[root@mysql-master01 kiwi_scripts]# vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf 
[root@mysql-master01 kiwi_scripts]# cat /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf 
! Configuration File for keepalived

global_defs {
   router_id msyql-master01_master
}

vrrp_script mysql_check {             
    script "/kiwi_scripts/check_mysql.sh"
    interval 1
}    

vrrp_instance VI_1 {
    state MASTER
    interface ens160
    virtual_router_id 111
    priority 100
    advert_int 1
    authentication {
        auth_type PASS
        auth_pass kiwi111
    }
    virtual_ipaddress {
        192.168.234.234
    }
    track_script {             
        mysql_check
    }            
}

virtual_server 192.168.234.234 3306 {
    delay_loop 6
    lb_algo rr
    lb_kind NAT
    persistence_timeout 50
    protocol TCP

    real_server 192.168.234.22 3306 {
        weight 1
        TCP_CHECK {
            connect_port 3306
            connect_timeout 3
            nb_get_retry 3
            delay_before_retry 3
         }
        }
    

    real_server 192.168.234.123 3306 {
        weight 1
        TCP_CHECK {
            connect_port 3306
            connect_timeout 3
            nb_get_retry 3
            delay_before_retry 3
         }
        }
        
        
        
//在mysql-master02上编写脚本
[root@mysql-master02 kiwi_scripts]# cat notify_mysql.sh 
#!/bin/bash
case "$1" in
  master)
        mysql_status=$(ps -ef|grep -Ev "grep|$0"|grep '\bmysql\b'|wc -l)
        if [ $mysql_status -lt 1 ];then
            service mysqld start
        fi
  ;;
  backup)
        mysql_status=$(ps -ef|grep -Ev "grep|$0"|grep '\bmysql\b'|wc -l)
        if [ $mysql_status -gt 0 ];then
            service mysqld start
        fi
  ;;
  *)
        echo "Usage:$0 master|backup"
  ;;
esac


//mysql-master02主配置文件
[root@mysql-master02 ~]# vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf 
[root@mysql-master02 ~]# cat /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf 
! Configuration File for keepalived

global_defs {
   router_id mysql-master02_slave
}

vrrp_instance VI_1 {
    state BACKUP
    interface ens160
    virtual_router_id 111
    priority 80
    advert_int 1
    authentication {
        auth_type PASS
        auth_pass kiwi111
    }
    virtual_ipaddress {
        192.168.234.234
    }
    notify_master "/kiwi_scripts/notify_mysql.sh master"     
    notify_backup "/kiwi_scripts/notify_mysql.sh backup"     
}

virtual_server 192.168.234.234 3306 {
    delay_loop 6
    lb_algo rr
    lb_kind NAT
    persistence_timeout 50
    protocol TCP

    real_server 192.168.234.22 3306 {
        weight 1
        TCP_CHECK {
            connect_port 8080
            connect_timeout 3
            nb_get_retry 3
            delay_before_retry 3
         }
        }
    

    real_server 192.168.234.123 3306 {
        weight 1
        TCP_CHECK {
            connect_port 8080
            connect_timeout 3
            nb_get_retry 3
            delay_before_retry 3
         }
        }

4. 部署主从

//修改配置文件
[root@mysql-slave ~]# cat /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
 basedir = /usr/local/mysql
 datadir = /opt/data
 socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
 port = 3306
 pid-file = /opt/data/mysql.pid
 user = mysql
 skip-name-resolve

server-id=20         
relay-log=mysql-relay-bin  


//开始同步
mysql> CHANGE MASTER TO
    -> MASTER_HOST='192.168.234.234',
    -> MASTER_USER='kiwi',
    -> MASTER_PASSWORD='1',
    -> MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysql-bin.000008',
    -> MASTER_LOG_POS=154;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.00 sec)

mysql> start slave;


//查看状态
mysql> show slave status\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
               Slave_IO_State: 
                  Master_Host: 192.168.234.234
                  Master_User: kiwi
                  Master_Port: 3306
                Connect_Retry: 60
              Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000008
          Read_Master_Log_Pos: 154
               Relay_Log_File: mysql-relay-bin.000001
                Relay_Log_Pos: 320
        Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000008
             Slave_IO_Running: Yes
            Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
              Replicate_Do_DB: 
          Replicate_Ignore_DB: