转：SQLServer级联删除示例

SQLServer 2000与Oracle 8i相比较，在级联删除上有太多的限制

1. 表内自关联不支持级联删除和级联更新
2. 一个表内在有多个列同时关联于另一个表时，不支持多个级联删除
3. 还有什么循环级联删除限制，等等
4. .......

一大堆限制，如果要迁移Oracle到SqlServer麻烦多多，特别对于用于构造树型结构的表内自关联（比如部门表）的级联删除特别讨厌

考虑来考虑去，对于SqlServer不能支持的诸多级联删除只有采用最原始的方法，彻底不用外键关联，而是用触发器来解决

以下是经过验证的触发器实现范例（自关联例子）

放弃外键关联后所有的完整性检查都要通过触发器实现

--DELETE 级联删除，先删除，再删除所有级联的记录，采用递归触发器，当然要求数据库支持递归触发器功能开启（数据库属性设置中开启他），不过SqlServer只支持32级的递归啊
 IF EXISTS (SELECT NAME FROM SYSOBJECTS
      WHERE NAME = 'DEL_DOCUMENTTYPE_001' AND TYPE = 'TR')
   DROP TRIGGER DEL_DOCUMENTTYPE_001
 GO
 
 CREATE TRIGGER DEL_DOCUMENTTYPE_001
 ON dbo.DOCUMENTTYPE
 FOR DELETE
 AS 
 IF (SELECT COUNT(*) FROM DELETED) > 0
   DELETE FROM dbo.DOCUMENTTYPE WHERE UPNO IN (SELECT NO FROM DELETED)
 GO   
  

 

--INSERT  数据插入，验证外键关联逻辑，错误抛出出错信息
 IF EXISTS (SELECT NAME FROM SYSOBJECTS
      WHERE NAME = 'INS_DOCUMENTTYPE_001' AND TYPE = 'TR')
   DROP TRIGGER INS_DOCUMENTTYPE_001
 GO
 
 CREATE TRIGGER INS_DOCUMENTTYPE_001
 ON dbo.DOCUMENTTYPE
 FOR INSERT
 AS 
 IF (SELECT COUNT(*) FROM INSERTED WHERE UPNO IS NOT NULL
      AND (UPNO = NO OR UPNO NOT IN (SELECT NO FROM dbo.DOCUMENTTYPE))) > 0
   BEGIN
    DELETE FROM dbo.DOCUMENTTYPE WHERE NO IN (SELECT NO FROM INSERTED)
    RAISERROR('在被引用表 dbo.DOCUMENTTYPE 中没有与外键 UPNO 的引用列的列表匹配的主键或候选键。',16,1)
   END
 GO 
  
--UPDATE  数据更新，如果更新了外键，验证外键存在
 IF EXISTS (SELECT NAME FROM SYSOBJECTS
      WHERE NAME = 'UPD_DOCUMENTTYPE_001' AND TYPE = 'TR')
   DROP TRIGGER UPD_DOCUMENTTYPE_001
 GO
 
 CREATE TRIGGER UPD_DOCUMENTTYPE_001
 ON dbo.DOCUMENTTYPE
 FOR UPDATE
 AS 
 IF (SELECT COUNT(*) FROM INSERTED WHERE UPNO IS NOT NULL
      AND (UPNO = NO OR UPNO NOT IN (SELECT NO FROM dbo.DOCUMENTTYPE))) > 0
   BEGIN
           SET IDENTITY_INSERT dbo.DOCUMENTTYPE ON
    DELETE FROM dbo.DOCUMENTTYPE WHERE NO IN (SELECT NO FROM INSERTED)
--    INSERT INTO dbo.DOCUMENTTYPE SELECT * FROM INSERTED
    SELECT * INTO dbo.DOCUMENTTYPE FROM INSERTED
    SET IDENTITY_INSERT dbo.DOCUMENTTYPE OFF
    RAISERROR('在被引用表 dbo.DOCUMENTTYPE 中没有与外键 UPNO 的引用列的列表匹配的主键或候选键。',16,1)
   END
 GO