直接以老师与学生的关系为例。在多对多关联关系中,其中一方都可通过Set保留另一方的所有信息,这样的关联是双向关联。在多对多关联关系中,也只能是双向关联。老师和学生分别对应一张表,通过一张有双方id的中间表来维护多对多的关联。
实体类
- package test.hibernate.hbmManyToMany;
- import java.util.HashSet;
- import java.util.Set;
- public class Teacher {
- private Integer id;
- private String name;
- private Set<Student> students = new HashSet<Student>();
- public Integer getId() {
- return id;
- }
- public void setId(Integer id) {
- this.id = id;
- }
- public String getName() {
- return name;
- }
- public void setName(String name) {
- this.name = name;
- }
- public Set<Student> getStudents() {
- return students;
- }
- public void setStudents(Set<Student> students) {
- this.students = students;
- }
- @Override
- public String toString() {
- // TODO Auto-generated method stub
- return "[Teacher:id=" + id + ",name=" + name + "]";
- }
- }
- package test.hibernate.hbmManyToMany;
- import java.util.HashSet;
- import java.util.Set;
- public class Student {
- private Integer id;
- private String name;
- private Set<Teacher> teachers = new HashSet<Teacher>();
- public Integer getId() {
- return id;
- }
- public void setId(Integer id) {
- this.id = id;
- }
- public String getName() {
- return name;
- }
- public void setName(String name) {
- this.name = name;
- }
- public Set<Teacher> getTeachers() {
- return teachers;
- }
- public void setTeachers(Set<Teacher> teachers) {
- this.teachers = teachers;
- }
- @Override
- public String toString() {
- // TODO Auto-generated method stub
- return "[Student:id=" + id + ",name=" + name + "]";
- }
- }
Student.hbm.xml
- <?xml version="1.0"?>
- <!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC
- "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
- "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
- <hibernate-mapping package="test.hibernate.hbmManyToMany">
- <class name="Student" table="student">
- <id name="id" type="integer" column="id">
- <generator class="native" />
- </id>
- <property name="name" />
- <!-- inverse属性:默认为false,表示本方维护关联关系; 如果设为true,表示本方不维护关联关系 只是影响是否能设置外键列的值(设成有效值或是null值),对获取信息没有影响 -->
- <set name="teachers" table="teacher_student">
- <key column="studentId"></key>
- <many-to-many class="Teacher" column="teacherId"></many-to-many>
- </set>
- </class>
- </hibernate-mapping>
在多对多关系中,可在Set里通过inverse设置只有其中一方维护。
- <?xml version="1.0"?>
- <!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC
- "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
- "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
- <hibernate-mapping package="test.hibernate.hbmManyToMany">
- <class name="Teacher" table="teacher">
- <id name="id" type="integer" column="id">
- <generator class="native" />
- </id>
- <property name="name" />
- <set name="students" table="teacher_student">
- <key column="teacherId"></key>
- <many-to-many class="Student" column="studentId"></many-to-many>
- </set>
- </class>
- </hibernate-mapping>
- package test.hibernate.hbmManyToMany;
- import org.hibernate.Session;
- import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
- import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;
- import org.junit.Test;
- public class App {
- private static SessionFactory sessionFactory = new Configuration()//
- .configure()//
- .addClass(Teacher.class)// 添加Hibernate实体类(加载对应的映射文件)
- .addClass(Student.class)//
- .buildSessionFactory();
- @Test
- public void testSave() throws Exception {
- Session session = sessionFactory.openSession();
- session.beginTransaction();
- // --------------------------------------------
- // 构建对象
- Teacher teacher1 = new Teacher();
- teacher1.setName("林老师");
- Teacher teacher2 = new Teacher();
- teacher2.setName("张老师");
- Student student1 = new Student();
- student1.setName("李明");
- Student student2 = new Student();
- student2.setName("刘备");
- teacher1.getStudents().add(student1);
- teacher1.getStudents().add(student2);
- teacher2.getStudents().add(student1);
- teacher2.getStudents().add(student2);
- // 下面部分不能与上面的代码块同时进行,只能选择其中一部分,不然会抛出在中间表中重复插入相同记录的异常
- // 如果两边都要写,注意设置其中一方的inverse为true
- // student1.getTeachers().add(teacher1);
- // student1.getTeachers().add(teacher2);
- // student2.getTeachers().add(teacher1);
- // student2.getTeachers().add(teacher2);
- // 保存
- session.save(teacher1);
- session.save(teacher2);
- session.save(student1);
- session.save(student2);
- // --------------------------------------------
- session.getTransaction().commit();
- session.close();
- }
- // 获取到部门关联的员工
- @Test
- public void testGet() throws Exception {
- Session session = sessionFactory.openSession();
- session.beginTransaction();
- // 获取数据
- Teacher teacher = (Teacher) session.get(Teacher.class, 4);
- System.out.println(teacher);
- System.out.println(teacher.getStudents());
- session.getTransaction().commit();
- session.close();
- }
- // 解除关联关系
- @Test
- public void testRemoveRelation() throws Exception {
- Session session = sessionFactory.openSession();
- session.beginTransaction();
- // --------------------------------------------
- // 如果Teacher.hbm.xml中inverse=false就可以删除,否则不可以删除
- Teacher teacher = (Teacher) session.get(Teacher.class, 4);
- teacher.getStudents().clear();
- // --------------------------------------------
- session.getTransaction().commit();
- session.close();
- }
- // 删除部门及对员工的影响
- @Test
- public void testDelete() throws Exception {
- Session session = sessionFactory.openSession();
- session.beginTransaction();
- // --------------------------------------------
- // 会同时删除teacher_student和teacher中教师id=4的记录
- Teacher teacher = (Teacher) session.get(Teacher.class, 4);
- session.delete(teacher);
- // --------------------------------------------
- session.getTransaction().commit();
- session.close();
- }
- }
由代码生成的表结构
执行testGet方法时控制台内容