File类--Java I/O

1 基本知识

常用的api可以查看api文档
Java API中文文档
同时，博友的总结，自己就不总结了，要学会拿来嘛（偷笑）
java中File类的常用所有方法及其应用

2 Java编程思想上的几个例子

学习完API在看看几个例子，File类基本就已经掌握啦。这里直接把Java编程思想上的几个例子粘过来看。
例1 目录列表器

package io;//: io/DirList.java
// Display a directory listing using regular expressions.
// {Args: "D.*\.java"}
import java.util.regex.*;
import java.io.*;
import java.util.*;

public class DirList {
  public static void main(String[] args) {
    File path = new File(".");// 当前路径
    String[] list;
    if(args.length == 0)
      list = path.list();
    else
      list = path.list(new DirFilter(args[0]));
    Arrays.sort(list, String.CASE_INSENSITIVE_ORDER);// 
    for(String dirItem : list)
      System.out.println(dirItem);
  }
}

class DirFilter implements FilenameFilter {
  private Pattern pattern;
  public DirFilter(String regex) {
    pattern = Pattern.compile(regex);
  }
  public boolean accept(File dir, String name) {
    return pattern.matcher(name).matches();
  }
}
*///:~

例2 目录列表器改进-内部类方式

package io;//: io/DirList3.java
// Building the anonymous inner class "in-place."
// {Args: "D.*\.java"}

import java.util.regex.*;
import java.io.*;
import java.util.*;

public class DirList3 {
	public static void main(final String[] args) {
		File path = new File(".");
		String[] list;
		if (args.length == 0)
			list = path.list();
		else
			list = path.list(new FilenameFilter() {
				private Pattern pattern = Pattern.compile(args[0]);

				public boolean accept(File dir, String name) {
					return pattern.matcher(name).matches();
				}
			});
		Arrays.sort(list, String.CASE_INSENSITIVE_ORDER);
		for (String dirItem : list)
			System.out.println(dirItem);
	}
}

例3 目录实用工具

//: net/mindview/util/Directory.java
// Produce a sequence of File objects that match a
// regular expression in either a local directory,
// or by walking a directory tree.
package net.mindview.util;

import java.util.regex.*;
import java.io.*;
import java.util.*;

public final class Directory {
	public static File[] local(File dir, final String regex) {
		return dir.listFiles(new FilenameFilter() {
			private Pattern pattern = Pattern.compile(regex);

			public boolean accept(File dir, String name) {
				return pattern.matcher(new File(name).getName()).matches();
			}
		});
	}

	public static File[] local(String path, final String regex) { // Overloaded
		return local(new File(path), regex);
	}

	// A two-tuple for returning a pair of objects:
	public static class TreeInfo implements Iterable<File> {
		public List<File> files = new ArrayList<File>();
		public List<File> dirs = new ArrayList<File>();

		// The default iterable element is the file list:
		public Iterator<File> iterator() {
			return files.iterator();
		}

		// 添加
		void addAll(TreeInfo other) {
			files.addAll(other.files);
			dirs.addAll(other.dirs);
		}

		// 实现toString打印
		public String toString() {
			return "dirs: " + PPrint.pformat(dirs) + "\n\nfiles: "
					+ PPrint.pformat(files);
		}
	}

	public static TreeInfo walk(String start, String regex) { // Begin recursion
		return recurseDirs(new File(start), regex);
	}

	public static TreeInfo walk(File start, String regex) { // Overloaded
		return recurseDirs(start, regex);
	}

	public static TreeInfo walk(File start) { // Everything
		return recurseDirs(start, ".*");
	}

	public static TreeInfo walk(String start) {
		return recurseDirs(new File(start), ".*");
	}

	static TreeInfo recurseDirs(File startDir, String regex) {
		TreeInfo result = new TreeInfo();
		for (File item : startDir.listFiles()) {
			if (item.isDirectory()) {
				result.dirs.add(item);
				result.addAll(recurseDirs(item, regex)); // 递归遍历文件夹
			} else if (item.getName().matches(regex)) { // Regular file
				result.files.add(item);
			}
		}
		return result;
	}

	// Simple validation test:
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		if (args.length == 0)
			System.out.println(walk("."));
		else
			for (String arg : args)
				System.out.println(walk(arg));
	}
} 

例4 目录的检查及创建

package io;//: io/MakeDirectories.java
// Demonstrates the use of the File class to
// create directories and manipulate files.
// {Args: MakeDirectoriesTest}
import java.io.*;

public class MakeDirectories {
	private static void usage() {
		System.err.println("Usage:MakeDirectories path1 ...\n"
				+ "Creates each path\n"
				+ "Usage:MakeDirectories -d path1 ...\n"
				+ "Deletes each path\n"
				+ "Usage:MakeDirectories -r path1 path2\n"
				+ "Renames from path1 to path2");
		System.exit(1);
	}
  private static void fileData(File f) {
    System.out.println(
      "Absolute path: " + f.getAbsolutePath() +
      "\n Can read: " + f.canRead() +
      "\n Can write: " + f.canWrite() +
      "\n getName: " + f.getName() +
      "\n getParent: " + f.getParent() +
      "\n getPath: " + f.getPath() +
      "\n length: " + f.length() +
      "\n lastModified: " + f.lastModified());
		if (f.isFile())
			System.out.println("It's a file");
		else if (f.isDirectory())
			System.out.println("It's a directory");
  }

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		if (args.length < 1)
			usage();
		if (args[0].equals("-r")) {
			if (args.length != 3)
				usage();
			File old = new File(args[1]), rname = new File(args[2]);
			old.renameTo(rname);
			fileData(old);
			fileData(rname);
			return; // Exit main
		}
		int count = 0;
		boolean del = false;
		if (args[0].equals("-d")) {
			count++;
			del = true;
		}
		count--;
		while (++count < args.length) {
			File f = new File(args[count]);
			if (f.exists()) {
				System.out.println(f + " exists");
				if (del) {
					System.out.println("deleting..." + f);
					f.delete();
				}
			} else { // Doesn't exist
				if (!del) {
					f.mkdirs();
					System.out.println("created " + f);
				}
			}
			fileData(f);
		}
	}
}