通过spark3打开iceberg的认知之门

摘要
安装spark3.2.0-bin-hadoop3.2.tgz 对应iceberg0.13.0 是目前社区最稳定的版本。(试过spark3.2.1不行)
测试spark操作iceberg增删改查以及时间旅游功能

1.安装spark3
安装前准备： hadoop已经安装，并配置HADOOP_HOME,HADOOP_CONF_DIR 到/etc/profile
spark官网准备安装包 spark-3.2.1-bin-hadoop3.2.tgz （这个版本spark-sql没问题，spark-shell有问题，建议使用spark-3.2.0-bin-hadoop3.2）
解压
启动
准备启动 spark-sql
命令说明： --packages org.apache.iceberg:iceberg-spark-runtime-3.2_2.12:0.13.0 会自动下载iceberg的包（只在第一次下载）
–conf 声明catalog

  bin/spark-sql --packages org.apache.iceberg:iceberg-spark-runtime-3.2_2.12:0.13.0    --conf spark.sql.extensions=org.apache.iceberg.spark.extensions.IcebergSparkSessionExtensions     --conf spark.sql.catalog.spark_catalog=org.apache.iceberg.spark.SparkSessionCatalog     --conf spark.sql.catalog.spark_catalog.type=hive     --conf spark.sql.catalog.local=org.apache.iceberg.spark.SparkCatalog     --conf spark.sql.catalog.local.type=hadoop     --conf spark.sql.catalog.local.warehouse=/tmp/iceberg/warehouse
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执行效果：

[root@hadoop103 spark-3.2.1-bin-hadoop3.2]#  bin/spark-sql --packages org.apache.iceberg:iceberg-spark-runtime-3.2_2.12:0.13.0    --conf spark.sql.extensions=org.apache.iceberg.spark.extensions.IcebergSparkSessionExtensions     --conf spark.sql.catalog.spark_catalog=org.apache.iceberg.spark.SparkSessionCatalog     --conf spark.sql.catalog.spark_catalog.type=hive     --conf spark.sql.catalog.local=org.apache.iceberg.spark.SparkCatalog     --conf spark.sql.catalog.local.type=hadoop     --conf spark.sql.catalog.local.warehouse=/tmp/iceberg/warehouse
:: loading settings :: url = jar:file:/opt/software/spark-3.2.1-bin-hadoop3.2/jars/ivy-2.5.0.jar!/org/apache/ivy/core/settings/ivysettings.xml
Ivy Default Cache set to: /root/.ivy2/cache
The jars for the packages stored in: /root/.ivy2/jars
org.apache.iceberg#iceberg-spark-runtime-3.2_2.12 added as a dependency
:: resolving dependencies :: org.apache.spark#spark-submit-parent-70be9d21-1481-4c47-95f9-4ac13aaf8782;1.0
        confs: [default]
        found org.apache.iceberg#iceberg-spark-runtime-3.2_2.12;0.13.0 in central
:: resolution report :: resolve 100ms :: artifacts dl 3ms
        :: modules in use:
        org.apache.iceberg#iceberg-spark-runtime-3.2_2.12;0.13.0 from central in [default]
        ---------------------------------------------------------------------
        |                  |            modules            ||   artifacts   |
        |       conf       | number| search|dwnlded|evicted|| number|dwnlded|
        ---------------------------------------------------------------------
        |      default     |   1   |   0   |   0   |   0   ||   1   |   0   |
        ---------------------------------------------------------------------
:: retrieving :: org.apache.spark#spark-submit-parent-70be9d21-1481-4c47-95f9-4ac13aaf8782
        confs: [default]
        0 artifacts copied, 1 already retrieved (0kB/4ms)
22/02/14 11:43:10 WARN util.NativeCodeLoader: Unable to load native-hadoop library for your platform... using builtin-java classes where applicable
Setting default log level to "WARN".
To adjust logging level use sc.setLogLevel(newLevel). For SparkR, use setLogLevel(newLevel).
22/02/14 11:43:13 WARN conf.HiveConf: HiveConf of name hive.stats.jdbc.timeout does not exist
22/02/14 11:43:13 WARN conf.HiveConf: HiveConf of name hive.stats.retries.wait does not exist
22/02/14 11:43:15 WARN metastore.ObjectStore: Version information not found in metastore. hive.metastore.schema.verification is not enabled so recording the schema version 2.3.0
22/02/14 11:43:15 WARN metastore.ObjectStore: setMetaStoreSchemaVersion called but recording version is disabled: version = 2.3.0, comment = Set by MetaStore root@10.233.65.40
Spark master: local[*], Application Id: local-1644810191872
spark-sql> 
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2.测试iceberg增删改查
2.1 准备增删改查sql:
CREATE TABLE local.db.table (id bigint, data string) USING iceberg;

INSERT INTO local.db.table VALUES (1, 'a'), (2, 'b'), (3, 'c');
SELECT count(1) as count, data FROM local.db.table GROUP BY data;
select * from local.db.table;

INSERT INTO local.db.table VALUES (4, 'd'), (5, 'e'), (6, 'f');
select * from local.db.table;
update local.db.table set data='apple' where id=1;
delete from local.db.table;
select * from local.db.table;
INSERT INTO local.db.table VALUES (7, 'g'), (8, 'h');
select * from local.db.table;
 
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2.2 执行效果：
spark-sql> CREATE TABLE local.db.table (id bigint, data string) USING iceberg;
Time taken: 0.072 seconds
spark-sql> INSERT INTO local.db.table VALUES (1, 'a'), (2, 'b'), (3, 'c');
Time taken: 0.233 seconds
spark-sql> SELECT count(1) as count, data FROM local.db.table GROUP BY data;
1       a
1       b
1       c
Time taken: 0.161 seconds, Fetched 3 row(s)
spark-sql> select * from local.db.table;
1       a
2       b
3       c
Time taken: 0.095 seconds, Fetched 3 row(s)
spark-sql> INSERT INTO local.db.table VALUES (4, 'd'), (5, 'e'), (6, 'f');
Time taken: 0.19 seconds
spark-sql> select * from local.db.table;
1       a
2       b
3       c
4       d
5       e
6       f
Time taken: 0.115 seconds, Fetched 6 row(s)
spark-sql> update local.db.table set data='apple' where id=1;
Time taken: 1.883 seconds
spark-sql> delete from local.db.table;
Time taken: 0.198 seconds
spark-sql> select * from local.db.table;
Time taken: 0.047 seconds
spark-sql> INSERT INTO local.db.table VALUES (7, 'g'), (8, 'h');
Time taken: 0.181 seconds
spark-sql>  select * from local.db.table;
7       g
8       h
Time taken: 0.079 seconds, Fetched 2 row(s)
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2.3 以上sql在hdfs创建的数据
[root@hadoop103 iceberg]# hadoop fs -ls /tmp/iceberg/warehouse/db/table/data
Found 9 items
-rw-r--r--   2 root supergroup        643 2022-02-14 14:00 /tmp/iceberg/warehouse/db/table/data/00000-12-725752c2-020c-41a8-a636-4096e98c139b-00001.parquet
-rw-r--r--   2 root supergroup        642 2022-02-14 14:01 /tmp/iceberg/warehouse/db/table/data/00000-17-7fd36618-5679-4768-8a98-e99b88192b64-00001.parquet
-rw-r--r--   2 root supergroup        643 2022-02-14 14:02 /tmp/iceberg/warehouse/db/table/data/00000-223-e882ea95-6224-42b2-b449-d57f5ef061f4-00001.parquet
-rw-r--r--   2 root supergroup        643 2022-02-14 14:00 /tmp/iceberg/warehouse/db/table/data/00001-13-b1a90028-e5ae-4564-be89-97fe5ba26e52-00001.parquet
-rw-r--r--   2 root supergroup        643 2022-02-14 14:01 /tmp/iceberg/warehouse/db/table/data/00001-18-67012ef6-ff46-44a5-88ab-71e4d43ecdad-00001.parquet
-rw-r--r--   2 root supergroup        643 2022-02-14 14:02 /tmp/iceberg/warehouse/db/table/data/00001-224-7b43bf9d-4437-4d62-beb6-f4f665f0b380-00001.parquet
-rw-r--r--   2 root supergroup        643 2022-02-14 14:00 /tmp/iceberg/warehouse/db/table/data/00002-14-85ca6677-70c5-4b7b-a800-22d95e5489eb-00001.parquet
-rw-r--r--   2 root supergroup        643 2022-02-14 14:01 /tmp/iceberg/warehouse/db/table/data/00002-19-14269447-20ed-4983-b66c-02983409ed5f-00001.parquet
-rw-r--r--   2 root supergroup        686 2022-02-14 14:01 /tmp/iceberg/warehouse/db/table/data/00175-23-2d571fde-d1d0-4a30-b52f-b6c69ac9ecf3-00001.parquet
[root@hadoop103 iceberg]# hadoop fs -ls /tmp/iceberg/warehouse/db/table/metadata
Found 20 items
-rw-r--r--   2 root supergroup       5824 2022-02-14 14:02 /tmp/iceberg/warehouse/db/table/metadata/2e735a5c-bd99-46f7-af49-0e26bc51ec2f-m0.avro
-rw-r--r--   2 root supergroup       5778 2022-02-14 14:02 /tmp/iceberg/warehouse/db/table/metadata/2e735a5c-bd99-46f7-af49-0e26bc51ec2f-m1.avro
-rw-r--r--   2 root supergroup       5866 2022-02-14 14:02 /tmp/iceberg/warehouse/db/table/metadata/2e735a5c-bd99-46f7-af49-0e26bc51ec2f-m2.avro
-rw-r--r--   2 root supergroup       5825 2022-02-14 14:02 /tmp/iceberg/warehouse/db/table/metadata/771a8e19-a87e-489f-88d1-9480553237e9-m0.avro
-rw-r--r--   2 root supergroup       5867 2022-02-14 14:01 /tmp/iceberg/warehouse/db/table/metadata/954eb317-6a86-413b-94a2-d59e25e294c6-m0.avro
-rw-r--r--   2 root supergroup       5860 2022-02-14 14:00 /tmp/iceberg/warehouse/db/table/metadata/daeb600d-166d-4ab5-8e8c-899382c24038-m0.avro
-rw-r--r--   2 root supergroup       5877 2022-02-14 14:01 /tmp/iceberg/warehouse/db/table/metadata/fae8df3a-78fa-43a6-838f-6783e58f04ec-m0.avro
-rw-r--r--   2 root supergroup       5779 2022-02-14 14:01 /tmp/iceberg/warehouse/db/table/metadata/fae8df3a-78fa-43a6-838f-6783e58f04ec-m1.avro
-rw-r--r--   2 root supergroup       3797 2022-02-14 14:02 /tmp/iceberg/warehouse/db/table/metadata/snap-1588410421234526207-1-2e735a5c-bd99-46f7-af49-0e26bc51ec2f.avro
-rw-r--r--   2 root supergroup       3826 2022-02-14 14:01 /tmp/iceberg/warehouse/db/table/metadata/snap-3074595041692363385-1-954eb317-6a86-413b-94a2-d59e25e294c6.avro
-rw-r--r--   2 root supergroup       3768 2022-02-14 14:02 /tmp/iceberg/warehouse/db/table/metadata/snap-4321345386411511567-1-771a8e19-a87e-489f-88d1-9480553237e9.avro
-rw-r--r--   2 root supergroup       3848 2022-02-14 14:01 /tmp/iceberg/warehouse/db/table/metadata/snap-5972104378811544858-1-fae8df3a-78fa-43a6-838f-6783e58f04ec.avro
-rw-r--r--   2 root supergroup       3754 2022-02-14 14:00 /tmp/iceberg/warehouse/db/table/metadata/snap-7801623062552576504-1-daeb600d-166d-4ab5-8e8c-899382c24038.avro
-rw-r--r--   2 root supergroup       1168 2022-02-14 14:00 /tmp/iceberg/warehouse/db/table/metadata/v1.metadata.json
-rw-r--r--   2 root supergroup       2070 2022-02-14 14:00 /tmp/iceberg/warehouse/db/table/metadata/v2.metadata.json
-rw-r--r--   2 root supergroup       3006 2022-02-14 14:01 /tmp/iceberg/warehouse/db/table/metadata/v3.metadata.json
-rw-r--r--   2 root supergroup       4045 2022-02-14 14:01 /tmp/iceberg/warehouse/db/table/metadata/v4.metadata.json
-rw-r--r--   2 root supergroup       4984 2022-02-14 14:02 /tmp/iceberg/warehouse/db/table/metadata/v5.metadata.json
-rw-r--r--   2 root supergroup       5920 2022-02-14 14:02 /tmp/iceberg/warehouse/db/table/metadata/v6.metadata.json
-rw-r--r--   2 root supergroup          1 2022-02-14 14:02 /tmp/iceberg/warehouse/db/table/metadata/version-hint.text
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3.快照管理
3.1 查看快照详细信息
查这个表所有的快照：
SELECT * FROM local.db.table.snapshots;

快照字段的意思：
desc local.db.table.snapshots;

spark-sql> SELECT * FROM local.db.table.snapshots;
2022-02-14 14:00:34.539 7801623062552576504     NULL    append  /tmp/iceberg/warehouse/db/table/metadata/snap-7801623062552576504-1-daeb600d-166d-4ab5-8e8c-899382c24038.avro   {"added-data-files":"3","added-files-size":"1929","added-records":"3","changed-partition-count":"1","spark.app.id":"local-1644810838618","total-data-files":"3","total-delete-files":"0","total-equality-deletes":"0","total-files-size":"1929","total-position-deletes":"0","total-records":"3"}
2022-02-14 14:01:12.485 3074595041692363385     7801623062552576504     append  /tmp/iceberg/warehouse/db/table/metadata/snap-3074595041692363385-1-954eb317-6a86-413b-94a2-d59e25e294c6.avro   {"added-data-files":"3","added-files-size":"1928","added-records":"3","changed-partition-count":"1","spark.app.id":"local-1644810838618","total-data-files":"6","total-delete-files":"0","total-equality-deletes":"0","total-files-size":"3857","total-position-deletes":"0","total-records":"6"}
2022-02-14 14:01:31.531 5972104378811544858     3074595041692363385     overwrite       /tmp/iceberg/warehouse/db/table/metadata/snap-5972104378811544858-1-fae8df3a-78fa-43a6-838f-6783e58f04ec.avro   {"added-data-files":"1","added-files-size":"686","added-records":"1","changed-partition-count":"1","deleted-data-files":"1","deleted-records":"1","removed-files-size":"643","spark.app.id":"local-1644810838618","total-data-files":"6","total-delete-files":"0","total-equality-deletes":"0","total-files-size":"3900","total-position-deletes":"0","total-records":"6"}
2022-02-14 14:02:04.778 1588410421234526207     5972104378811544858     delete  /tmp/iceberg/warehouse/db/table/metadata/snap-1588410421234526207-1-2e735a5c-bd99-46f7-af49-0e26bc51ec2f.avro   {"changed-partition-count":"1","deleted-data-files":"6","deleted-records":"6","removed-files-size":"3900","spark.app.id":"local-1644810838618","total-data-files":"0","total-delete-files":"0","total-equality-deletes":"0","total-files-size":"0","total-position-deletes":"0","total-records":"0"}
2022-02-14 14:02:47.404 4321345386411511567     1588410421234526207     append  /tmp/iceberg/warehouse/db/table/metadata/snap-4321345386411511567-1-771a8e19-a87e-489f-88d1-9480553237e9.avro   {"added-data-files":"2","added-files-size":"1286","added-records":"2","changed-partition-count":"1","spark.app.id":"local-1644810838618","total-data-files":"2","total-delete-files":"0","total-equality-deletes":"0","total-files-size":"1286","total-position-deletes":"0","total-records":"2"}
Time taken: 0.126 seconds, Fetched 5 row(s)
spark-sql> desc local.db.table.snapshots;
committed_at            timestamp                                   
snapshot_id             bigint                                      
parent_id               bigint                                      
operation               string                                      
manifest_list           string                                      
summary                 map<string,string>   
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3.2 查看快照对应的文件
当前表有哪些文件：

spark-sql> select * from local.db.table.files;
0       /tmp/iceberg/warehouse/db/table/data/00000-223-e882ea95-6224-42b2-b449-d57f5ef061f4-00001.parquet       PARQUET 0       1       643     {1:46,2:48}     {1:1,2:1}       {1:0,2:0}       {}      {1:,2:g}        {1:,2:g}        NULL   [4]      NULL    0
0       /tmp/iceberg/warehouse/db/table/data/00001-224-7b43bf9d-4437-4d62-beb6-f4f665f0b380-00001.parquet       PARQUET 0       1       643     {1:46,2:48}     {1:1,2:1}       {1:0,2:0}       {}      {1,2:h} {1,2:h} NULL    [4]     NULL   0
Time taken: 0.137 seconds, Fetched 2 row(s)
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3.3 查快照的变更历史
spark-sql> select * from local.db.table.history;
2022-02-14 14:00:34.539 7801623062552576504     NULL    true
2022-02-14 14:01:12.485 3074595041692363385     7801623062552576504     true
2022-02-14 14:01:31.531 5972104378811544858     3074595041692363385     true
2022-02-14 14:02:04.778 1588410421234526207     5972104378811544858     true
2022-02-14 14:02:47.404 4321345386411511567     1588410421234526207     true
Time taken: 0.08 seconds, Fetched 5 row(s)
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3.4 时间旅游：根据快照id查看快照内容
3.4.1 又踩坑了
启动spark-shell，版本更改为 spark-3.2.0-bin-hadoop3.2,
spark-3.2.1-bin-hadoop3.2会报错

scala> spark.read.option("as-of-timestamp","7801623062552576504").format("iceberg").load("/tmp/iceberg/warehouse/db/table")
res0: org.apache.spark.sql.DataFrame = [id: bigint, data: string]

scala> res0.show
java.lang.IncompatibleClassChangeError: class org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.plans.logical.DynamicFileFilterWithCardinalityCheck has interface org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.plans.logical.BinaryNode as super class
  at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass1(Native Method)
  at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass(ClassLoader.java:763)
  at java.security.SecureClassLoader.defineClass(SecureClassLoader.java:142)
  at java.net.URLClassLoader.defineClass(URLClassLoader.java:468)
  at java.net.URLClassLoader.access$100(URLClassLoader.java:74)
  at java.net.URLClassLoader$1.run(URLClassLoader.java:369)
  at java.net.URLClassLoader$1.run(URLClassLoader.java:363)
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3.4.2 更换版本重跑
启动spark-shell：

[root@hadoop103 spark-3.2.0-bin-hadoop3.2]#  bin/spark-shell --packages org.apache.iceberg:iceberg-spark-runtime-3.2_2.12:0.13.0    --conf spark.sql.extensions=org.apache.iceberg.spark.extensions.IcebergSparkSessionExtensions     --conf spark.sql.catalog.spark_catalog=org.apache.iceberg.spark.SparkSessionCatalog     --conf spark.sql.catalog.spark_catalog.type=hive     --conf spark.sql.catalog.local=org.apache.iceberg.spark.SparkCatalog     --conf spark.sql.catalog.local.type=hadoop     --conf spark.sql.catalog.local.warehouse=/tmp/iceberg/warehouse
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快照根据快照id读取，对应快照内容：

scala> spark.read.option("snapshot-id","7801623062552576504").format("iceberg").load("/tmp/iceberg/warehouse/db/table")
res4: org.apache.spark.sql.DataFrame = [id: bigint, data: string]

scala> spark.read.option("snapshot-id","7801623062552576504").format("iceberg").load("/tmp/iceberg/warehouse/db/table").show
+---+----+
| id|data|
+---+----+
|  1|   a|
|  2|   b|
|  3|   c|
+---+----+

scala> spark.read.option("snapshot-id","3074595041692363385").format("iceberg").load("/tmp/iceberg/warehouse/db/table").show
+---+----+
| id|data|
+---+----+
|  1|   a|
|  2|   b|
|  3|   c|
|  4|   d|
|  5|   e|
|  6|   f|
+---+----+

scala> spark.read.option("snapshot-id","5972104378811544858").format("iceberg").load("/tmp/iceberg/warehouse/db/table").show
+---+-----+
| id| data|
+---+-----+
|  1|apple|
|  2|    b|
|  3|    c|
|  4|    d|
|  5|    e|
|  6|    f|
+---+-----+

scala> spark.read.option("snapshot-id","1588410421234526207").format("iceberg").load("/tmp/iceberg/warehouse/db/table").show
+---+----+
| id|data|
+---+----+
+---+----+

scala> spark.read.option("snapshot-id","4321345386411511567").format("iceberg").load("/tmp/iceberg/warehouse/db/table").show
+---+----+
| id|data|
+---+----+
|  7|   g|
|  8|   h|
+---+----+

不提供快照id，默认读最新快照

scala> spark.read.format("iceberg").load("/tmp/iceberg/warehouse/db/table").show
+---+----+
| id|data|
+---+----+
|  7|   g|
|  8|   h|
+---+----+
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3.5 查两个快照之间的增量数据
在option中指定start-snapshot-id，end-snapshot-id

scala> spark.read.format("iceberg").option("start-snapshot-id","7801623062552576504").option("end-snapshot-id","3074595041692363385").load("/tmp/iceberg/warehouse/db/table").show
+---+----+
| id|data|
+---+----+
|  4|   d|
|  5|   e|
|  6|   f|
+---+----+
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
总结
对iceberg增删改查、快照有了初步认识