java实现图片压缩

前景

前端在读取图片时，对超过一定大小的图片进行压缩。

实现方式

1.使用Google提供的插件Thumbnails

2.使用java自带的ImageIO

具体实现

1.Thumbnails

首先在pom中引入jar包

<dependency>
    <groupId>net.coobird</groupId>
    <artifactId>thumbnailator</artifactId>
    <version>0.4.8</version>
</dependency>

接下来可以指定不同的参数进行压缩，我这边是直接按照比例进行缩放

public ByteArrayInputStream compressImg(InputStream inputStream) {
    ByteArrayOutputStream baos = null;
    try {
        baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();           Thumbnails.of(inputStream).scale(0.25f).outputQuality(0.5f).toOutputStream(baos);
        if (baos != null)
            return parse(baos);
    } catch (Exception e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
    return null;
}

也可以按照具体的尺寸来进行压缩、旋转、裁剪等

//指定大小进行缩放
Thumbnails.of(inputStream).size(200, 300).toFile("C:/image_200x300.jpg");

//不按照比例，指定大小进行缩放 keepAspectRatio(false) 默认是按照比例缩放的
Thumbnails.of(inputStream).size(120, 120).keepAspectRatio(false).toFile("C:/image_120x120.jpg");
 
//旋转 rotate(角度),正数：顺时针 负数：逆时针
Thumbnails.of("images/test.jpg").size(1280, 1024).rotate(90).toFile("C:/image+90.jpg");

//水印 watermark(位置，水印图，透明度)
Thumbnails.of("images/test.jpg").size(1280, 1024).watermark(Positions.BOTTOM_RIGHT, ImageIO.read(new File("images/watermark.png")), 0.5f).outputQuality(0.8f).toFile("C:/image_watermark_bottom_right.jpg");

//转化图片格式
Thumbnails.of("images/test.jpg").size(1280, 1024).outputFormat("png").toFile("C:/image_1280x1024.png");

//裁剪
/**
 * 图片中心400*400的区域
 */
Thumbnails.of("images/test.jpg").sourceRegion(Positions.CENTER, 400, 400).size(200, 200).keepAspectRatio(false)
        .toFile("C:/image_region_center.jpg");
/**
 * 图片右下400*400的区域
 */
Thumbnails.of("images/test.jpg").sourceRegion(Positions.BOTTOM_RIGHT, 400, 400).size(200, 200).keepAspectRatio(false)
        .toFile("C:/image_region_bootom_right.jpg");
/**
 * 指定坐标
 */
Thumbnails.of("images/test.jpg").sourceRegion(600, 500, 400, 400).size(200, 200).keepAspectRatio(false).toFile("C:/image_region_coord.jpg");

 

2. ImageIO

2.1按照指定的width，height进行缩放

/**
*@param scale  width,height的缩放比例
*@param suffix 文件格式，pdf，jpg
**/
public ByteArrayInputStream scaleImage(InputStream inputStream, double scale, String suffix) {
    BufferedImage bufferedImage;
    try {
        bufferedImage = ImageIO.read(inputStream);
        int width = bufferedImage.getWidth();
        int height = bufferedImage.getHeight();

        width = parseDoubleToInt(width * scale);
        height = parseDoubleToInt(height * scale);

        Image image = bufferedImage.getScaledInstance(width, height,
                Image.SCALE_SMOOTH);

        BufferedImage outputImage = new BufferedImage(width, height,
                BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
        Graphics graphics = outputImage.getGraphics();
        graphics.drawImage(image, 0, 0, null);
        graphics.dispose();
        ByteArrayOutputStream bs = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
        ImageOutputStream imOut = ImageIO.createImageOutputStream(bs);
        ImageIO.write(bufferedImage, suffix, imOut);
        return new ByteArrayInputStream(bs.toByteArray());
    } catch (IOException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
    return null;
}

2.2 直接指定压缩程度来进行压缩

/**
*@param qality 压缩的程度
*@param suffix 文件格式，pdf，jpg
**/
public ByteArrayInputStream scaleImage(InputStream inputStream, float qality, String suffix) {
    BufferedImage bufferedImage;
    ByteArrayOutputStream out = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
    ImageWriter imgWriter;
    ImageWriteParam imgWriteParams;
    try {
        bufferedImage = ImageIO.read(inputStream);
        imgWriter = ImageIO.getImageWritersByFormatName(suffix).next();
        imgWriteParams = new JPEGImageWriteParam(null);
        // 要使用压缩，必须指定压缩方式为MODE_EXPLICIT
        imgWriteParams.setCompressionMode(imgWriteParams.MODE_EXPLICIT);
        // 这里指定压缩的程度，参数qality是取值0~1范围内，
        imgWriteParams.setCompressionQuality(qality);
        imgWriteParams.setProgressiveMode(imgWriteParams.MODE_DISABLED);
        ColorModel colorModel = bufferedImage.getColorModel();// ColorModel.getRGBdefault();
        imgWriteParams.setDestinationType(new ImageTypeSpecifier(colorModel, colorModel.createCompatibleSampleModel(32, 32)));
        imgWriter.reset();
        // OutputStream构造
        imgWriter.setOutput(ImageIO.createImageOutputStream(out));
        imgWriter.write(null, new IIOImage(bufferedImage, null, null), imgWriteParams);
        return new ByteArrayInputStream(out.toByteArray());
    } catch (IOException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
    return null;
}

遇到的问题

可能会出现OOM内存溢出的现象 ，需要调整-Xss大小

java启动命令nohup java -jar -Xmx6000m  XXX.jar  >/dev/null 2>&1