1178. Number of Valid Words for Each Puzzle(Leetcode每日一题-2021.02.26)--抄答案

Problem

With respect to a given puzzle string, a word is valid if both the following conditions are satisfied:

• word contains the first letter of puzzle.
• For each letter in word, that letter is in puzzle.
  For example, if the puzzle is “abcdefg”, then valid words are “faced”, “cabbage”, and “baggage”; while invalid words are “beefed” (doesn’t include “a”) and “based” (includes “s” which isn’t in the puzzle).

Return an array answer, where answer[i] is the number of words in the given word list words that are valid with respect to the puzzle puzzles[i].

Constraints:

• 1 <= words.length <= 10^5
• 4 <= words[i].length <= 50
• 1 <= puzzles.length <= 10^4
• puzzles[i].length == 7
• words[i][j], puzzles[i][j] are English lowercase letters.
• Each puzzles[i] doesn’t contain repeated characters.

来源：力扣（LeetCode）
链接：https://leetcode-cn.com/problems/number-of-valid-words-for-each-puzzle
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Example

Input:
words = [“aaaa”,“asas”,“able”,“ability”,“actt”,“actor”,“access”],
puzzles = [“aboveyz”,“abrodyz”,“abslute”,“absoryz”,“actresz”,“gaswxyz”]
Output: [1,1,3,2,4,0]
Explanation:
1 valid word for “aboveyz” : “aaaa”
1 valid word for “abrodyz” : “aaaa”
3 valid words for “abslute” : “aaaa”, “asas”, “able”
2 valid words for “absoryz” : “aaaa”, “asas”
4 valid words for “actresz” : “aaaa”, “asas”, “actt”, “access”
There’re no valid words for “gaswxyz” cause none of the words in the list contains letter ‘g’.

Solution

class Solution {
public:
    vector<int> findNumOfValidWords(vector<string>& words, vector<string>& puzzles) {
        unordered_map<int, int> frequency;

        for (const string& word: words) {
            int mask = 0;
            for (char ch: word) {
                mask |= (1 << (ch - 'a'));
            }
            if (__builtin_popcount(mask) <= 7) {
                ++frequency[mask];
            }
        }

        vector<int> ans;
        for (const string& puzzle: puzzles) {
            int total = 0;

            // 枚举子集方法一
            // for (int choose = 0; choose < (1 << 6); ++choose) {
            //     int mask = 0;
            //     for (int i = 0; i < 6; ++i) {
            //         if (choose & (1 << i)) {
            //             mask |= (1 << (puzzle[i + 1] - 'a'));
            //         }
            //     }
            //     mask |= (1 << (puzzle[0] - 'a'));
            //     if (frequency.count(mask)) {
            //         total += frequency[mask];
            //     }
            // }

            // 枚举子集方法二
            int mask = 0;
            for (int i = 1; i < 7; ++i) {
                mask |= (1 << (puzzle[i] - 'a'));
            }
            int subset = mask;
            do {
                int s = subset | (1 << (puzzle[0] - 'a'));
                if (frequency.count(s)) {
                    total += frequency[s];
                }
                subset = (subset - 1) & mask;
            } while (subset != mask);
            
            ans.push_back(total);
        }
        return ans;
    }
};

//作者：LeetCode-Solution
//链接：https://leetcode-cn.com/problems/number-of-valid-words-for-each-puzzle/solution/cai-zi-mi-by-leetcode-solution-345u/