--help查询
[root@hzclov51 ~]# rpm --help
Usage: rpm [OPTION...]--quiet
Query/Verify package selection options:
-a, --all query/verify all packages
-f, --file query/verify package(s) owning file
-g, --group query/verify package(s) in group
-p, --package query/verify a package file
-W, --ftswalk query/verify package(s) from TOP file tree walk
--pkgid query/verify package(s) with package identifier
--hdrid query/verify package(s) with header identifier
--fileid query/verify package(s) with file identifier
--specfile query a spec file
--triggeredby query the package(s) triggered by the package
--whatrequires query/verify the package(s) which require a dependency
--whatprovides query/verify the package(s) which provide a dependency
--nomanifest do not process non-package files as manifests
Query options (with -q or --query):
-c, --configfiles list all configuration files
-d, --docfiles list all documentation files
--dump dump basic file information
-l, --list list files in package
--queryformat=QUERYFORMAT use the following query format
-s, --state display the states of the listed files
Verify options (with -V or --verify):
--nofiledigest don't verify digest of files
--nomd5 don't verify digest of files
--nofiles don't verify files in package
--nodeps don't verify package dependencies
--noscript don't execute verify script(s)
File tree walk options (with --ftswalk):
--comfollow follow command line symlinks
--logical logical walk
--nochdir don't change directories
--nostat don't get stat info
--physical physical walk
--seedot return dot and dot-dot
--xdev don't cross devices
--whiteout return whiteout information
Signature options:
--addsign sign package(s) (identical to --resign)
-K, --checksig verify package signature(s)
--delsign delete package signatures
--import import an armored public key
--resign sign package(s) (identical to --addsign)
--nodigest don't verify package digest(s)
--nosignature don't verify package signature(s)
Database options:
--initdb initialize database
--rebuilddb rebuild database inverted lists from installed package headers
Install/Upgrade/Erase options:
--aid add suggested packages to transaction
--allfiles install all files, even configurations which might otherwise be skipped
--allmatches remove all packages which match <package> (normally an error is generated if
<package> specified multiple packages)
--badreloc relocate files in non-relocatable package
-e, --erase=<package>+ erase (uninstall) package
--excludedocs do not install documentation
--excludepath=<path> skip files with leading component <path>
--fileconflicts detect file conflicts between packages
--force short hand for --replacepkgs --replacefiles
-F, --freshen=<packagefile>+ upgrade package(s) if already installed
-h, --hash print hash marks as package installs (good with -v)
--ignorearch don't verify package architecture
--ignoreos don't verify package operating system
--ignoresize don't check disk space before installing
-i, --install install package(s)
--justdb update the database, but do not modify the filesystem
--nodeps do not verify package dependencies
--nofiledigest don't verify digest of files
--nomd5 don't verify digest of files (obsolete)
--nocontexts don't install file security contexts
--noorder do not reorder package installation to satisfy dependencies
--nosuggest do not suggest missing dependency resolution(s)
--noscripts do not execute package scriptlet(s)
--notriggers do not execute any scriptlet(s) triggered by this package
--oldpackage upgrade to an old version of the package (--force on upgrades does this
automatically)
--percent print percentages as package installs
--prefix=<dir> relocate the package to <dir>, if relocatable
--relocate=<old>=<new> relocate files from path <old> to <new>
--replacefiles ignore file conflicts between packages
--replacepkgs reinstall if the package is already present
--test don't install, but tell if it would work or not
-U, --upgrade=<packagefile>+ upgrade package(s)
Common options for all rpm modes and executables:
-D, --define='MACRO EXPR' define MACRO with value EXPR
-E, --eval='EXPR' print macro expansion of EXPR
--macros=<FILE:...> read <FILE:...> instead of default file(s)
--nodigest don't verify package digest(s)
--nosignature don't verify package signature(s)
--rcfile=<FILE:...> read <FILE:...> instead of default file(s)
-r, --root=ROOT use ROOT as top level directory (default: "/")
--querytags display known query tags
--showrc display final rpmrc and macro configuration
--quiet provide less detailed output
-v, --verbose provide more detailed output
--version print the version of rpm being used
Options implemented via popt alias/exec:
--scripts list install/erase scriptlets from package(s)
--setperms set permissions of files in a package
--setugids set user/group ownership of files in a package
--conflicts list capabilities this package conflicts with
--obsoletes list other packages removed by installing this package
--provides list capabilities that this package provides
--requires list capabilities required by package(s)
--info list descriptive information from package(s)
--changelog list change logs for this package
--xml list metadata in xml
--triggers list trigger scriptlets from package(s)
--last list package(s) by install time, most recent first
--dupes list duplicated packages
--filesbypkg list all files from each package
--fileclass list file names with classes
--filecolor list file names with colors
--fscontext list file names with security context from file system
--fileprovide list file names with provides
--filerequire list file names with requires
--filecaps list file names with POSIX1.e capabilities
Help options:
-?, --help Show this help message
--usage Display brief usage message
1、查询rpm是否安装:rpm -qa|grep lvm(lvm为要查询的rpm包名)
[root@hzclov51 ~]# rpm -qa|grep lvm
mesa-private-llvm-3.3-0.3.rc3.el6.x86_64
lvm2-libs-2.02.100-8.el6.x86_64
lvm2-2.02.100-8.el6.x86_64
system-config-lvm-1.1.12-16.el6.noarch
2、查询某rpm包含哪些文件:
[root@hzclov51 ~]# rpm -ql lvm2-2.02.100-8.el6.x86_64
/etc/lvm
/etc/lvm/archive
/etc/lvm/backup
/etc/lvm/cache
/etc/lvm/cache/.cache
3、查询某文件属于哪个rpm包:
[root@hzclov51 ~]# rpm -qf /etc/lvm
lvm2-2.02.100-8.el6.x86_64
4、查询某rpm包被哪些包依赖
[root@hzclov51 ~]# rpm -q --whatrequires device-mapper-persistent-data
lvm2-2.02.100-8.el6.x86_64
5、查询某rpm包依赖哪些内容
[root@hzclov51 ~]# rpm -qR lvm2-2.02.100-8.el6.x86_64
/bin/bash
/bin/sh
/bin/sh
bash >= 4.0
chkconfig
chkconfig
config(lvm2) = 2.02.100-8.el6
device-mapper-persistent-data >= 0.2.8-2
libc.so.6()(64bit)
libc.so.6(GLIBC_2.2.5)(64bit)
libc.so.6(GLIBC_2.3)(64bit)
libc.so.6(GLIBC_2.3.4)(64bit)
libc.so.6(GLIBC_2.4)(64bit)
libdevmapper-event.so.1.02()(64bit)
libdevmapper-event.so.1.02(Base)(64bit)
6、查询rpm包的相关信息
[root@hzclov51 ~]# rpm -qi lvm2-2.02.100-8.el6.x86_64
Name : lvm2 Relocations: (not relocatable)
Version : 2.02.100 Vendor: Red Hat, Inc.
Release : 8.el6 Build Date: Wed 30 Oct 2013 04:10:56 PM HKT
Install Date: Tue 07 Mar 2017 11:36:37 PM HKT Build Host: x86-028.build.eng.bos.redhat.com
Group : System Environment/Base Source RPM: lvm2-2.02.100-8.el6.src.rpm
Size : 1561629 License: GPLv2
Signature : RSA/8, Wed 30 Oct 2013 09:42:09 PM HKT, Key ID 199e2f91fd431d51
Packager : Red Hat, Inc. <http://bugzilla.redhat.com/bugzilla>
URL : http://sources.redhat.com/lvm2
Summary : Userland logical volume management tools
Description :
LVM2 includes all of the support for handling read/write operations on
physical volumes (hard disks, RAID-Systems, magneto optical, etc.,
multiple devices (MD), see mdadd(8) or even loop devices, see
losetup(8)), creating volume groups (kind of virtual disks) from one
or more physical volumes and creating one or more logical volumes
(kind of logical partitions) in volume groups.
7、查看一个已经安装软件的文档安装位置
[root@hzclov51 ~]# rpm -qd lvm2-2.02.100-8.el6.x86_64
/usr/share/doc/lvm2-2.02.100/COPYING
/usr/share/doc/lvm2-2.02.100/COPYING.LIB
/usr/share/doc/lvm2-2.02.100/INSTALL
/usr/share/doc/lvm2-2.02.100/README
/usr/share/doc/lvm2-2.02.100/VERSION
/usr/share/doc/lvm2-2.02.100/WHATS_NEW
/usr/share/man/man5/lvm.conf.5.gz
/usr/share/man/man8/blkdeactivate.8.gz
/usr/share/man/man8/fsadm.8.gz
/usr/share/man/man8/lvchange.8.gz
/usr/share/man/man8/lvconvert.8.gz
/usr/share/man/man8/lvcreate.8.gz
8、安装rpm
rpm -ivh xxx.rpm(该rpm包本地存在)
9、卸载rpm
rpm -e xxx.rpm