1)互斥锁(mutex)
通过锁机制实现线程间的同步。同一时刻只允许一个线程执行一个关键部分的代码。
int pthread_mutex_init(pthread_mutex_t *mutex,const pthread_mutex_attr_t *mutexattr);
int pthread_mutex_lock(pthread_mutex *mutex);
int pthread_mutex_destroy(pthread_mutex *mutex);
int pthread_mutex_unlock(pthread_mutex *
(1)先初始化锁init()或静态赋值pthread_mutex_t mutex=PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIER
attr_t有:
PTHREAD_MUTEX_TIMED_NP:其余线程等待队列
PTHREAD_MUTEX_RECURSIVE_NP:嵌套锁,允许线程多次加锁,不同线程,解锁后重新竞争
PTHREAD_MUTEX_ERRORCHECK_NP:检错,与一同,线程请求已用锁,返回EDEADLK;
PTHREAD_MUTEX_ADAPTIVE_NP:适应锁,解锁后重新竞争
(2)加锁,lock,trylock,lock阻塞等待锁,trylock立即返回EBUSY
(3)解锁,unlock需满足是加锁状态,且由加锁线程解锁
(4)清除锁,destroy(此时锁必需unlock,否则返回EBUSY,//Linux下互斥锁不占用内存资源
示例代码:
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#include <cstdio>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <pthread.h>
#include
"iostream"
using namespace std;
pthread_mutex_t mutex = PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER;
int
tmp;
void
* thread(
void
*arg)
{
cout <<
"thread id is "
<< pthread_self() << endl;
pthread_mutex_lock(&mutex);
tmp =
12
;
cout <<
"Now a is "
<< tmp << endl;
pthread_mutex_unlock(&mutex);
return
NULL;
}
int
main()
{
pthread_t id;
cout <<
"main thread id is "
<< pthread_self() << endl;
tmp =
3
;
cout <<
"In main func tmp = "
<< tmp << endl;
if
(!pthread_create(&id, NULL, thread, NULL))
{
cout <<
"Create thread success!"
<< endl;
}
else
{
cout <<
"Create thread failed!"
<< endl;
}
pthread_join(id, NULL);
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