spring整合表现层框架springMVC

springMVC本身是属于spring的衍生框架，所以整合起来很简单，只要包jar依赖进来，然后增加springmvc的配置即可，前提是已经了解并合理使用spring容器

1、导入maven依赖：

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
            <version>4.3.8.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
            <version>4.3.8.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>

2、配置web.xml
springMVC是一个基于servlet实现的框架，所以web就是一段servlet的配置
而在web项目中，我们需要吧创建spring容器的操作交给tomcat，所以需要配置自动spring容器的监听器，同时制定xml文件的位置

<!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC
 "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN"
 "http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd" >

<web-app>
    <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
    <!-- spring配置文件 -->
    <context-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>classpath:spring-core.xml</param-value>
    </context-param>
    <!-- spring监听器-用于创建spring容器 -->
    <listener>
        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
    </listener>

    <!-- 配置spring-mvc请求分派器 -->
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>action</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>classpath:spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>action</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>


</web-app>

配置spring-mvc.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"  
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"  
    xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"  
    xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"  
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"  
    xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util"  
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd  
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd  
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd  
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/util http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-3.0.xsd"> 


  <!-- 使用注解方式完成映射 -->
  <!-- 让扫描spring扫描这个包下所有的类，让标注spring注解的类生效 -->
  <context:component-scan base-package="com.xingxue.controller"/>      
   <mvc:annotation-driven/><!-- 开启注解 -->

    <!-- 视图解析器 -->    
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="prefix" value="/pages/"/><!-- 前缀 -->
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property> <!-- 后缀 -->
    </bean>     
</beans>

配置spring-core.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" 
    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" 
    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
    xmlns:cache="http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache" 
    xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
     http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd
     http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
     http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.0.xsd
     http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
     http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd
     http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
     http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.0.xsd
     http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache
     http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache/spring-cache-4.0.xsd">
    <!-- spring开启注解  @--> 
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.xingxue" >
     </context:component-scan>



</beans>

编写cotroller， @RequestMapping： 表示请求隐射地址

package com.xingxue.controller;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/user")
public class UserController {

    @RequestMapping("/login.do")
    public String login() {
        System.out.println("11111111111");
        return "OK";
    }

    @RequestMapping("/register.do")
    public String register() {
        return "OK";
    }

    public String add() {

        return "LIST";
    }

}

编写页面请求路径

<html>
<body>
<h2>Hello World!</h2>

<a href="<%=request.getContextPath()%>/user/login.do">spring MVC</a>
</body>
</html>

发布运行即可！

springMVC运行原理：

1、springMVC是基于servlet来进行实现的。
2、请求的流程，我们的http请求直接交到我们的DispatcherServlet里面，他通过读取配置文件，解析我们的请求路径找到对应controller来处理这个功能。当controller处理完成这个功能之后吧结果反馈给我们的disatcherServlet。dispacherServlet通过使用视图解析器组装数据，跳转到对应页面。
3、springmvc是单利模式，效率高， 参数传力利用的参数的方式，线程安全