Struts 中整合Spring

Struts要与Spring结合使用，主要的方法就是让Struts知道Spring的存在，以让管理相关的组件，避免在程序中直接编写组件的依赖关系建立。

1.HelloAction.java

Struts的Action直接继承它自己的抽象Action类，但让Spring来管理Struts的Action对象，让Action对象也成为Spring管理的Bean，这么一来，就可以直接使用依赖注入的方式注入相依赖对象。

package cn.com.boyang;

import java.util.*;
import javax.servlet.http.*;
import org.apache.struts.action.Action;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForm;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForward;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionMapping;

public class HelloAction extends Action {
    private UserChecker userChecker;
   
    public ActionForward execute(
                             ActionMapping mapping,
                             ActionForm form,
                             HttpServletRequest request,
                             HttpServletResponse response)
                                  throws Exception {
        String username = request.getParameter("user");
        username = this.getUserChecker().check(username);
       
        Map model = new HashMap();
        model.put("username", username);
        request.setAttribute("userInfo", model);

        return mapping.findForward("helloUser");
    }
   
    public UserChecker getUserChecker() {
        return userChecker;
    }
   
    public void setUserChecker(UserChecker userChecker) {
        this.userChecker = userChecker;
    }
}

2.UserChecker.java

模拟业务层的权限检查对象，你要在Struts的Action中使用到UserChecker 的实例，这可以交由Spring来为你依赖注入，可以将HelloAction与UserChecker 的实例交由Spring管理。

package cn.com.boyang;

public class UserChecker {
    public String check(String username) {
        if(username != null || !"".equals(username)) {
            return username;
        }
        else {
            return "guest";
        }
    }
}

3.beans-config.xml

Action的实例现在纳入Spring的管理，那么Struts在分配请求时，要有一个中间代理机制，在请求要分配至指定的Action之前，先分配至代理对象，由代理对象通知Spring所管理的Action实惠来处理请求并将处理结果返回代理对象，再由代理对象返回给Struts，这；可以在struts-config.xml中使用org.springframework.web.struts.DelegatingActionProxy的实例来作代理。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE beans PUBLIC "-//SPRING/DTD BEAN/EN"
"http://www.springframework.org/dtd/spring-beans.dtd">

<beans>  
    <bean id="userChecker"
          class="cn.com.boyang.UserChecker"/>

    <bean name="/hello"
          class="cn.com.boyang.HelloAction">
        <property name="userChecker">
            <ref bean="userChecker"/>
        </property>
    </bean>
</beans>

4.struts-config.xml

红色背景用来配置其它的Bean配置文件。

注意：下面的path的属性必须设置成"/hello",DelegatingActionProxy是利用这个来找到Action实例。其实，beans-config.xml中HelloAction的name属性设置的是"/hello",这两都必须一致。下面绿色背景的部分，添加来是用Spring的"org.springframework.web.struts.DelegatingRequestProcessor"来取代Struts的RequestProcessor.(org.springframework.web.struts.DelegatingRequestProcessor ==> RequestProcessor)(ActionServlet -> web.xml, RequestProcessor -> struts-config.xml)

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>

<!DOCTYPE struts-config PUBLIC
"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 1.2//EN"
"http://jakarta.apache.org/struts/dtds/struts-config_1_2.dtd">
<struts-config>
    <action-mappings>
        <action
            path="/hello"
            type="org.springframework.web.struts.DelegatingActionProxy">
            <forward
                name="helloUser"
                path="/jsp/hello.jsp"/>
        </action>
    </action-mappings>
   
    <plug-in className="org.springframework.web.struts.ContextLoaderPlugIn">
        <set-property property="contextConfigLocation"
                      value="/WEB-INF/beans-config.xml, /WEB-INF/others-config.xml"/>
    </plug-in>   

    <controller "org.springframework.web.struts.DelegatingRequestProcessor" />

</struts-config>

5.web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<web-app xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd"
version="2.4">
    <session-config>
        <session-timeout>
            30
        </session-timeout>
    </session-config>
   
    <!-- Standard Action Servlet Configuration -->
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>action</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>
            org.apache.struts.action.ActionServlet
        </servlet-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>config</param-name>
            <param-value>
                /WEB-INF/struts-config.xml
            </param-value>
        </init-param>
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>

    <!-- Standard Action Servlet Mapping -->
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>action</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

6.hello.jsp

<%@page contentType="text/html"%>
<%@page pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>

<html>
    <head>
        <meta http-equiv="Content-Type"
              content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
        <title>Struts Demo</title>
    </head>
    <body>
    <H1>Hello, ${userInfo["username"]} !</H1>   
    </body>
</html>