Hibernate 一对一唯一外键关联映射

一对唯一外键关联映射是多对一关联映射的特例
因此我们可以采用<many-to-one>标签，指定多的一端的unique=true，这样就限制了多的一端的多重性唯一。

Hibernate 一对一唯一外键关联映射同样分为单向和双向。

Hibernate 一对一唯一外键关联映射（单向）例子：
一、编写实体类

package com.yx.zzg.pojo;

public class IdCard {
	private int id;

	private String cardNo;

	public int getId() {
		return id;
	}

	public void setId(int id) {
		this.id = id;
	}

	public String getCardNo() {
		return cardNo;
	}

	public void setCardNo(String cardNo) {
		this.cardNo = cardNo;
	}
}

package com.yx.zzg.pojo;

public class Person {

	private int id;

	private String name;

	private IdCard idCard;

	public IdCard getIdCard() {
		return idCard;
	}

	public void setIdCard(IdCard idCard) {
		this.idCard = idCard;
	}

	public int getId() {
		return id;
	}

	public void setId(int id) {
		this.id = id;
	}

	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}

	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}
}

二、编写实体类映射文件

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC 
	"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
	"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping package="com.yx.zzg.pojo">
	<class name="IdCard" table="t_idCard">
		<id name="id">
			<!-- 指定主键生成策略 -->
			<generator class="native" />
		</id>
		<property name="cardNo" />
	</class>
</hibernate-mapping>

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC 
	"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
	"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping package="com.yx.zzg.pojo">
	<class name="Person" table="t_person">
		<id name="id">
			<!-- 指定主键生成策略 -->
			<generator class="native" />
		</id>
		<property name="name" />
		<!-- 通过unique="true"属性来指定多的一端唯一性 -->
		<many-to-one name="idCard" column="card_id" unique="true" />
	</class>
</hibernate-mapping>

三、编写hibernate配置文件

<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
	"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
	"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">

<hibernate-configuration>
	<session-factory>
		<property name="connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property>
		<property name="connection.url">jdbc:mysql://localhost/hibernate_one2one</property>
		<property name="connection.username">root</property>
		<property name="connection.password">123456</property>
		<property name="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</property>
		<!-- 是否显示执行的sql语句 -->
		<property name="show_sql">true</property>
		<!-- 显示执行的sql语句是否格式化 -->
		<property name="format_sql">true</property>
		<!-- 是否自动创建表，参数详见HIBERNATE_HOME/etc/hibernate.properties文件 -->
		<!--
			<property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">create</property>
		-->
		<mapping resource="com/yx/zzg/pojo/Person.hbm.xml" />
		<mapping resource="com/yx/zzg/pojo/IdCard.hbm.xml" />
	</session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>

四、编写测试类

package com.yx.zzg.test;

import junit.framework.TestCase;

import org.hibernate.HibernateException;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;

import com.yx.zzg.pojo.IdCard;
import com.yx.zzg.pojo.Person;
import com.yx.zzg.util.HibernateUtil;

public class TestUser extends TestCase {

	public void testSave1() {
		Session session = null;
		Transaction tx = null;
		try {
			session = HibernateUtil.getSession();
			tx = session.beginTransaction();
			IdCard idCard = new IdCard();
			idCard.setCardNo("8888888888888888888");
			// 如果没有显示的保存idCard，则会抛出TransientObjectException异常，因为一对一唯一外键关联映射是多对一关联映射的特例
			session.save(idCard);
			Person person = new Person();
			person.setName("zzg");
			person.setIdCard(idCard);
			session.save(person);
			tx.commit();
		} catch (HibernateException e) {
			tx.rollback();
			throw e;
		} finally {
			if (session != null) {
				session.close();
			}
		}
	}

	public void testLoad1() {
		Session session = null;
		Transaction tx = null;
		try {
			session = HibernateUtil.getSession();
			tx = session.beginTransaction();
			Person p = (Person) session.load(Person.class, 1);
			System.out.println("p.name=" + p.getName() + ";p.idCard.CardNo="
					+ p.getIdCard().getCardNo());
			tx.commit();
		} catch (HibernateException e) {
			throw e;
		} finally {
			if (session != null) {
				session.close();
			}
		}

	}

}

Hibernate 一对一唯一外键关联映射（双向）例子：

Hibernate 一对一唯一外键关联映射（双向）需要在另外一端添加<one-to-one>标签，指示hibernate如何加载其关联对象，默认根据主键加载，而外键关联映射中，因为两个实体采用的是person的外键维护的关系，所以不能指定主键加载person，而要根据person的外键加载，所以采用如下映射方式：
<one-to-one name="person" property-ref="idCard"/>
因此我们要做如下修改:
1.修改IdCard实体类：

package com.yx.zzg.pojo;

public class IdCard {
	private int id;

	private String cardNo;

	private Person person;

	public Person getPerson() {
		return person;
	}

	public void setPerson(Person person) {
		this.person = person;
	}

	public int getId() {
		return id;
	}

	public void setId(int id) {
		this.id = id;
	}

	public String getCardNo() {
		return cardNo;
	}

	public void setCardNo(String cardNo) {
		this.cardNo = cardNo;
	}
}

2.修改IdCard.hbm.xml文件

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC 
	"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
	"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping package="com.yx.zzg.pojo">
	<class name="IdCard" table="t_idCard">
		<id name="id">
			<!-- 指定主键生成策略 -->
			<generator class="native" />
		</id>
		<property name="cardNo" />
		<!-- one-to-one指定加载关联对象方式，默认根据主键加载，property-ref属性指定根据关联对象那个属性进行加载 -->
		<one-to-one name="person" property-ref="idCard" />
	</class>
</hibernate-mapping>