jail子系统里升级Ubuntu focal到jammy

Ubuntu focal是20.04 ，jammy版本是22.04，本次的目的就是将FreeBSD jail子系统里的Ubuntu 从20.04升级到22.04 。这个focal 子系统是通过cbsd克隆得到的。使用CBSD克隆复制Ubuntu jail子系统环境-CSDN博客

do-release-upgrade升级没成功，用debootstrap重装升级成功！ 

说明，有三个系统：FreeBSD宿主机，FreeBSD jail子系统， Ubuntu jail 子系统

安装好后，可以从宿主机进入FreeBSD或Ubuntu jail子系统。在FreeBSD jail子系统里可以安装多个Ubuntu jail子系统，并进入该子系统。

Ubuntu jail子系统里升级focal到jammy

使用do-release-upgrade升级（失败）

参考Install Ubuntu 22.04 Jammy in FreeBSD Jail | The FreeBSD Forums

在FreeBSD宿主机进入Ubuntu jail 子系统，使用命令：

jexec focal_to_jammy  chroot /compat/ubuntu /bin/bash

子系统是以前克隆的focal版本，依次执行升级命令： 

apt install update-manager-core

do-release-upgrade -d

没升级成功。

用-d选项的话没有错误信息，去掉-d选项，有报错信息，见后面调试部分。最终没有用这种方法升级成功。

使用debootstrap升级

使用cbsd jlogin focal_to_jammy 进入FreeBSD jail子系统，这时候是处于FreeBSD系统下，有pkg指令，所以：

先pkg安装debootstrap

pkg install debootstrap

执行debootstrap 下载jammy

debootstrap jammy /compat/jammy

 这样FreeBSD jail子系统里的操作就结束了，后面就是进入jammy jail子系统进行操作了。

进入jammy jail子系统

从FreeBSD jail子系统执行chroot进入jammy子系统

focal_to_jammy:/root@[9:37] # chroot /compat/jammy/ /bin/bash
groups: cannot find name for group ID 0
groups: cannot find name for group ID 5
I have no name!@focal_to_jammy:/# 

如果顺利，到了这一步就可以结束了，但是：

发现这个jammy子系统里又没有apt

怎么老碰到这个问题？  

debootstrap安装jammy时的输出，有apt这个包啊

I: Retrieving apt 2.4.5
I: Validating apt 2.4.5
 

I: Extracting base-files...
I: Extracting base-passwd...
I: Extracting bash...
发现确实没有解开apt的包

第二次使用--include=apt选项

debootstrap --include=apt jammy /compat/jammy

I: Validating adduser 3.118ubuntu5
I: Validating apt 2.4.5
I: Validating apt-utils 2.4.5
 

还是没有Extracting解开apt 包。话说debootstrap就这么节俭吗？ 连个apt包都不给？ 还是说只有FreeBSD下的这个debootstrap不给？ 

看看jammy里的/usr/bin 目录，里面就是没有apt ！

jammy jail子系统里手工安装apt

以前手工安装apt，会碰到依赖库的问题，操作很繁琐，这回找到了一个最方便的方法

dpkg --force-depends -Ei /var/cache/apt/archives/*.deb

 jammy jail子系统里所有的deb包放在/var/cache/apt/archives目录，

只要使用这一条命令就能装好apt包，使用命令

dpkg --force-depends -Ei /var/cache/apt/archives/*.deb

过程中问到键盘设置啥的， 还有pam的配置改变要不要覆盖：

 One or more of the files                                                  │ 
 │ /etc/pam.d/common-{auth,account,password,session} have been locally       │ 
 │ modified.  Please indicate whether these local changes should be          │ 
 │ overridden using the system-provided configuration.  If you decline this  │ 
 │ option, you will need to manage your system's authentication              │ 
 │ configuration by hand.                                                    │ 
 │                                                                           │ 
 │ Override local changes to /etc/pam.d/common-*?                            │ 
 │                                                                           │ 
 │                    <Yes>                       <No>      

因为是新系统，本地没啥，所以选择了Yes覆盖

后面还有设置时区shanghai 等

安装完成后，终于有了APT

但是刚开始使用apt会报错

apt update 报错问题解决

apt update
Get:1 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy InRelease [270 kB]
0% [Working]/usr/bin/apt-key: 95: cannot create /dev/null: Permission denied
/usr/bin/apt-key: 95: cannot create /dev/null: Permission denied
/usr/bin/apt-key: 95: cannot create /dev/null: Permission denied
E: gpgv, gpgv2 or gpgv1 required for verification, but neither seems installed
Err:1 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy InRelease
  gpgv, gpgv2 or gpgv1 required for verification, but neither seems installed
Reading package lists... Done
W: GPG error: http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy InRelease: gpgv, gpgv2 or gpgv1 required for verification, but neither seems installed
E: The repository 'http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy InRelease' is not signed.
N: Updating from such a repository can't be done securely, and is therefore disabled by default.
N: See apt-secure(8) manpage for repository creation and user configuration details.
 看里面讲到 /dev/null: Permission denied，就给它666权限：

 执行chmod 666 /dev/null  

将/dev/null设为666 

chmod 666 /dev/null

然后update 搞定，但是upgrade报错

apt upgrade
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
You might want to run 'apt --fix-broken install' to correct these.
The following packages have unmet dependencies:
 dash : Depends: dpkg (>= 1.19.1) but it is not installed
 grep : Depends: dpkg (>= 1.15.4) but it is not installed or
                 install-info but it is not installed
 gzip : Depends: dpkg (>= 1.15.4) but it is not installed or
                 install-info but it is not installed
 perl-base : PreDepends: dpkg (>= 1.17.17) but it is not installed
 python3-minimal : Depends: dpkg (>= 1.13.20) but it is not installed
 readline-common : Depends: dpkg (>= 1.15.4) but it is not installed or
                            install-info but it is not installed
E: Unmet dependencies. Try 'apt --fix-broken install' with no packages (or specify a solution).

尝试apt --fix-broken install修复apt upgrade报错问题

按照报错提示，输入

apt --fix-broken install

修复完成，apt install wget ，成功！

现在看看版本：

lsb_release -a

lsb_release -a
No LSB modules are available.
Distributor ID:    Ubuntu
Description:    Ubuntu 22.04 LTS
Release:    22.04
Codename:    jammy
成功升级到jammy版本！

总结

本来想用下面两条执行将focal升级到jammy，但是没有成功。

apt install update-manager-core
​
do-release-upgrade -d

最终还是使用了debootstrap 老办法升级成功。

debootstrap安装jammy

​pkg install debootstrap

debootstrap jammy /compat/jammy

chroot /compat/jammy/ /bin/bash 

chmod 666 /dev/null

dpkg --force-depends -Ei /var/cache/apt/archives/*.deb

apt update

apt --fix-broken install

apt upgrade

# 看版本

lsb_release -a

调试

do-release-upgrade -d提示set Prompt=norma

do-release-upgrade -d
Checking for a new Ubuntu release
There is no development version of an LTS available.
To upgrade to the latest non-LTS development release 
set Prompt=normal in /etc/update-manager/release-upgrades.

在/etc/update-manager/release-upgrades文件里，将Prompt=lts修改成Prompt=normal

结果执行后没什么反应：

root@focal_to_jammy:/# do-release-upgrade -d
Checking for a new Ubuntu release
Upgrades to the development release are only 
available from the latest supported release.

将do-release-upgrade -d的-d去掉后提示

do-release-upgrade
Checking for a new Ubuntu release
Get:1 Upgrade tool signature [833 B]                                           
Get:2 Upgrade tool [1270 kB]                                                   
Fetched 1271 kB in 0s (0 B/s)                                                  
authenticate 'jammy.tar.gz' against 'jammy.tar.gz.gpg' 
extracting 'jammy.tar.gz'

Reading cache

Checking package manager


A fatal error occurred 

Please report this as a bug and include the files 
/var/log/dist-upgrade/main.log and /var/log/dist-upgrade/apt.log in 
your report. The upgrade has aborted. 
Your original sources.list was saved in 
/etc/apt/sources.list.distUpgrade. 

Traceback (most recent call last): 

File "/tmp/ubuntu-release-upgrader-fdy6hyrf/jammy", line 8, in 
<module> 
sys.exit(main()) 

File 
"/tmp/ubuntu-release-upgrader-fdy6hyrf/DistUpgrade/DistUpgradeMain.py", 
line 241, in main 
if app.run(): 

File 
"/tmp/ubuntu-release-upgrader-fdy6hyrf/DistUpgrade/DistUpgradeController.py", 
line 2042, in run 
return self.fullUpgrade() 

File 
"/tmp/ubuntu-release-upgrader-fdy6hyrf/DistUpgrade/DistUpgradeController.py", 
line 1807, in fullUpgrade 
if not self.prepare(): 

File 
"/tmp/ubuntu-release-upgrader-fdy6hyrf/DistUpgrade/DistUpgradeController.py", 
line 414, in prepare 
self._sshMagic() 

File 
"/tmp/ubuntu-release-upgrader-fdy6hyrf/DistUpgrade/DistUpgradeController.py", 
line 273, in _sshMagic 
is_child_of_process_name("sshd")): 

File "/tmp/ubuntu-release-upgrader-fdy6hyrf/DistUpgrade/utils.py", 
line 118, in is_child_of_process_name 
with open(stat_file) as stat_f: 

FileNotFoundError: [Errno 2] No such file or directory: 
'/proc/35020/stat' 

发现source.list文件只有一行，不知道是否这个原因

/etc/apt# cat sources.list
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal main
添加了清华源，问题依旧。查看报错，发现/proc下没有东西，且ps报错

在ps -aux的时候报错Error, do this: mount -t proc proc /proc

ps -aux
Error, do this: mount -t proc proc /proc
按照提示mount -t proc proc /proc 

结果报错

 mount -t proc proc /proc
mount: /proc: permission denied.
root@focal_to_jammy:/# mount
mount: failed to read mtab: No such file or directory
root@focal_to_jammy:/# df
df: cannot read table of mounted file systems: No such file or directory
在/etc/fstab里加上配置：

devfs      /compat/linux/dev      devfs      rw,late                    0  0
tmpfs      /compat/linux/dev/shm  tmpfs      rw,late,size=1g,mode=1777  0  0
fdescfs    /compat/linux/dev/fd   fdescfs    rw,late,linrdlnk           0  0
linprocfs  /compat/linux/proc     linprocfs  rw,late                    0  0
linsysfs   /compat/linux/sys      linsysfs   rw,late                    0  0

问题依旧。

这样在FreeBSD的jail里，想要focal升级到jammy Ubuntu的实验失败告终。