Android adb 命令大全

什么是 adb

Android Debug Bridge (adb) 是一个命令行工具，可以让我们与 Android 设备进行通信。通过 adb 命令我们可以在设备上执行多种操作，例如安装应用、调试应用等，并且 adb 提供了对 Unix shell 的访问，我们可以使用 Unix shell 在设备上运行各种命令。adb 是一个 client-server 程序，包含三个组件：

• client 负责发送命令。客户端运行在我们的开发计算机上，我们可以通过在命令终端输入 adb 命令来启动一个客户端。
• daemon (adbd) 它在设备上运行命令。守护程序在每个设备上作为后台进程运行。
• server 负责管理客户端和守护程序之间的通信。服务器在我们的开发计算机上作为一个后台进程运行。

adb 如何工作

当我们启动一个 adb 客户端，客户端首先检查 adb 服务器是否运行，如果 adb 服务器没有运行，先启动 adb 服务器；当 adb 服务器启动后，adb 服务器会绑定到本地的TCP端口5037，并且监听从 adb 客户端发送过来的命令——所有的 adb 客户端都使用端口5037与 adb 服务器进行通信。
然后，adb 服务器会和所有正在运行的设备建立连接。adb 服务器通过扫描5555到5585（前16个设备使用的范围）内的奇数端口来定位设备，当 adb 服务器找到一个守护程序，它就会与该端口建立连接。请注意，每个设备都使用一对顺序端口——控制台连接使用偶数端口，adb 连接使用奇数端口。例如：

Emulator 1, console: 5554
Emulator 1, adb: 5555
Emulator 2, console: 5556
Emulator 2, adb: 5557
and so on...

如上所示，在端口5555上连接到 adb 的设备与在端口5554上侦听控制台的设备相同。
一旦 adb 服务器与所有设备建立连接，我们就可以使用 adb 命令访问这些设备。因为 adb 服务器管理与设备间的连接并处理来自多个 adb 客户端的命令，所以我们可以从任何 adb 客户端（或脚本）控制任何设备。

adb 命令大全

Android Debug Bridge version 1.0.41
Version 30.0.4-6686687
Installed as /Users/sulei32/Library/Android/sdk/platform-tools/adb

global options:
 -a         listen on all network interfaces, not just localhost
 -d         use USB device (error if multiple devices connected)
 -e         use TCP/IP device (error if multiple TCP/IP devices available)
 -s SERIAL  use device with given serial (overrides $ANDROID_SERIAL)
 -t ID      use device with given transport id
 -H         name of adb server host [default=localhost]
 -P         port of adb server [default=5037]
 -L SOCKET  listen on given socket for adb server [default=tcp:localhost:5037]

==========================================================================================

general commands:
 devices [-l]             list connected devices (-l for long output)
 help                     show this help message
 version                  show version num

==========================================================================================

networking:
 connect HOST[:PORT]      connect to a device via TCP/IP [default port=5555]
 disconnect [HOST[:PORT]]
     disconnect from given TCP/IP device [default port=5555], or all
 pair HOST[:PORT] [PAIRING CODE]
     pair with a device for secure TCP/IP communication
 forward --list           list all forward socket connections
 forward [--no-rebind] LOCAL REMOTE
     forward socket connection using:
       tcp:<port> (<local> may be "tcp:0" to pick any open port)
       localabstract:<unix domain socket name>
       localreserved:<unix domain socket name>
       localfilesystem:<unix domain socket name>
       dev:<character device name>
       jdwp:<process pid> (remote only)
       acceptfd:<fd> (listen only)
 forward --remove LOCAL   remove specific forward socket connection
 forward --remove-all     remove all forward socket connections
 ppp TTY [PARAMETER...]   run PPP over USB
 reverse --list           list all reverse socket connections from device
 reverse [--no-rebind] REMOTE LOCAL
     reverse socket connection using:
       tcp:<port> (<remote> may be "tcp:0" to pick any open port)
       localabstract:<unix domain socket name>
       localreserved:<unix domain socket name>
       localfilesystem:<unix domain socket name>
 reverse --remove REMOTE  remove specific reverse socket connection
 reverse --remove-all     remove all reverse socket connections from device
 mdns check               check if mdns discovery is available
 mdns services            list all discovered services

==========================================================================================

file transfer:
 push [--sync] [-z ALGORITHM] [-Z] LOCAL... REMOTE
     copy local files/directories to device
     --sync: only push files that are newer on the host than the device
     -n: dry run: push files to device without storing to the filesystem
     -z: enable compression with a specified algorithm (any, none, brotli)
     -Z: disable compression
 pull [-a] [-z ALGORITHM] [-Z] REMOTE... LOCAL
     copy files/dirs from device
     -a: preserve file timestamp and mode
     -z: enable compression with a specified algorithm (any, none, brotli)
     -Z: disable compression
 sync [-l] [-z ALGORITHM] [-Z] [all|data|odm|oem|product|system|system_ext|vendor]
     sync a local build from $ANDROID_PRODUCT_OUT to the device (default all)
     -n: dry run: push files to device without storing to the filesystem
     -l: list files that would be copied, but don't copy them
     -z: enable compression with a specified algorithm (any, none, brotli)
     -Z: disable compression

==========================================================================================

shell:
 shell [-e ESCAPE] [-n] [-Tt] [-x] [COMMAND...]
     run remote shell command (interactive shell if no command given)
     -e: choose escape character, or "none"; default '~'
     -n: don't read from stdin
     -T: disable pty allocation
     -t: allocate a pty if on a tty (-tt: force pty allocation)
     -x: disable remote exit codes and stdout/stderr separation
 emu COMMAND              run emulator console command

==========================================================================================

app installation (see also `adb shell cmd package help`):
 install [-lrtsdg] [--instant] PACKAGE
     push a single package to the device and install it
 install-multiple [-lrtsdpg] [--instant] PACKAGE...
     push multiple APKs to the device for a single package and install them
 install-multi-package [-lrtsdpg] [--instant] PACKAGE...
     push one or more packages to the device and install them atomically
     -r: replace existing application
     -t: allow test packages
     -d: allow version code downgrade (debuggable packages only)
     -p: partial application install (install-multiple only)
     -g: grant all runtime permissions
     --abi ABI: override platform's default ABI
     --instant: cause the app to be installed as an ephemeral install app
     --no-streaming: always push APK to device and invoke Package Manager as separate steps
     --streaming: force streaming APK directly into Package Manager
     --fastdeploy: use fast deploy
     --no-fastdeploy: prevent use of fast deploy
     --force-agent: force update of deployment agent when using fast deploy
     --date-check-agent: update deployment agent when local version is newer and using fast deploy
     --version-check-agent: update deployment agent when local version has different version code and using fast deploy
     --local-agent: locate agent files from local source build (instead of SDK location)
     (See also `adb shell pm help` for more options.)
 uninstall [-k] PACKAGE
     remove this app package from the device
     '-k': keep the data and cache directories

==========================================================================================

debugging:
 bugreport [PATH]
     write bugreport to given PATH [default=bugreport.zip];
     if PATH is a directory, the bug report is saved in that directory.
     devices that don't support zipped bug reports output to stdout.
 jdwp                     list pids of processes hosting a JDWP transport
 logcat                   show device log (logcat --help for more)

==========================================================================================

security:
 disable-verity           disable dm-verity checking on userdebug builds
 enable-verity            re-enable dm-verity checking on userdebug builds
 keygen FILE
     generate adb public/private key; private key stored in FILE,

==========================================================================================

scripting:
 wait-for[-TRANSPORT]-STATE...
     wait for device to be in a given state
     STATE: device, recovery, rescue, sideload, bootloader, or disconnect
     TRANSPORT: usb, local, or any [default=any]
 get-state                print offline | bootloader | device
 get-serialno             print <serial-number>
 get-devpath              print <device-path>
 remount [-R]
      remount partitions read-write. if a reboot is required, -R will
      will automatically reboot the device.
 reboot [bootloader|recovery|sideload|sideload-auto-reboot]
     reboot the device; defaults to booting system image but
     supports bootloader and recovery too. sideload reboots
     into recovery and automatically starts sideload mode,
     sideload-auto-reboot is the same but reboots after sideloading.
 sideload OTAPACKAGE      sideload the given full OTA package
 root                     restart adbd with root permissions
 unroot                   restart adbd without root permissions
 usb                      restart adbd listening on USB
 tcpip PORT               restart adbd listening on TCP on PORT

==========================================================================================

internal debugging:
 start-server             ensure that there is a server running
 kill-server              kill the server if it is running
 reconnect                kick connection from host side to force reconnect
 reconnect device         kick connection from device side to force reconnect
 reconnect offline        reset offline/unauthorized devices to force reconnect

==========================================================================================

environment variables:
 $ADB_TRACE
     comma-separated list of debug info to log:
     all,adb,sockets,packets,rwx,usb,sync,sysdeps,transport,jdwp
 $ADB_VENDOR_KEYS         colon-separated list of keys (files or directories)
 $ANDROID_SERIAL          serial number to connect to (see -s)
 $ANDROID_LOG_TAGS        tags to be used by logcat (see logcat --help)
 $ADB_LOCAL_TRANSPORT_MAX_PORT max emulator scan port (default 5585, 16 emus)
 $ADB_MDNS_AUTO_CONNECT   comma-separated list of mdns services to allow auto-connect (default adb-tls-connect)
 

补充

我们有两种方式执行 shell 命令：1，通过 adb 向设备发送 shell 命令；2，启动交互式 shell 。

➜  ~ adb shell pwd #第一种方式
/
➜  ~ adb shell #第二种方式，进入交互式 shell
generic_x86:/ $ pwd
/

如果要退出交互式 shell，可以按下 Control + D 快捷键或者输入 exit
Android 提供了大多数常用的 Unix shell 命令行工具，可以使用下面命令查看工具列表：

adb shell ls /system/bin