本文对象是第一次搭建springboot项目的初学人员。使用的软件环境为:win7+JDK1.8+idea 2018.2+mySql 5.1
一、首先,安装软件及工具
1,安装JDK,idea和mysql server
2,使用Navicat或Mysql自带的命令行工具创建数据库表,如下图
二、创建spring boot工程
1.打开idea,create new project;
2.选择“Spring Initializr”,点击next;
3. 组名,项目名可做修改;最终建的项目名为:springboot,src->main->java下包名会是:com.learning.springboot;点击next;
4.Web下勾选Spring Web ;Template Englines勾选Thymeleaf;SQL勾选:MySQL Driver,JDBC API 和 MyBatis Framework三项;点击next;
5,选择项目路径,点击finish;
6.刚创建好的项目目录结构如下:
7.在templates文件下新建index.html页面(New->HTML file->HTML5 file),作为启动的初始页面;
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>hello,springboot</title>
</head>
<body>
第一个spring boot项目!!
</body>
</html>
8,在com.learning.springboot下新建包 controller (New->Package),在controller文件夹下建一个简单的helloController类(New->Java Class);
package com.learning.springboot.controller;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
@Controller
public class HelloController {
@RequestMapping("/index")
public String sayHello() {
return "index";
}
}
这里return index就是用的模板index.html文件
9,在resources文件夹下application中先配置DataSource基本信息,application文件有两种文件格式,一种是以.properties为后缀,一种是以.yml为后缀的,建议用.yml后缀,可读性更好。如不是,则右键application文件选择Refact,选择Rename,将后缀改为yml;
spring:
datasource:
name: test #数据库名
url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test #url
username: root #用户名
password: root #密码
driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver #数据库链接驱动
10,到这项目的初步搭建已经完成。运行项目启动类springbootApplication.java,在浏览器中输入localhost:8080/index,回车显示
三,数据库操作及登录业务逻辑
1,首先,添加数据库连接。点击右侧的Database,点“+”,选择Data Source-》MySQL。
2,输入host,database,用户名密码。新建数据库链接。点击 Test Connection,提示 Successful则表示连接成功,然后点击 OK即可。
3,连接成功后,显示数据库信息,user表的基本信息也显示了,如下图:
SpringBoot项目大概分为四层:
(1)DAO层:包括XxxMapper.java(数据库访问接口类),XxxMapper.xml(数据库链接实现);(这个命名,有人喜欢用Dao命名,有人喜欢用Mapper,看个人习惯)
(2)Bean层:也叫model层,entity层,就是数据库表的映射实体类,存放POJO对象;
(3)Service层:也叫服务层,业务层,包括XxxService.java(业务接口类),XxxServiceImpl.java(业务实现类);(可以在service文件夹下新建impl文件放业务实现类,也可以把业务实现类单独放一个文件夹下,更清晰)
(4)Web层:就是Controller层,实现与web前端的交互。
最后工程的目录结构如下:
4,各部分的代码如下
1) pom.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>2.2.4.RELEASE</version>
<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>
<groupId>com.learning</groupId>
<artifactId>springboot</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>springboot</name>
<description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
<properties>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jdbc</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
<version>2.1.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.1.6</version>
<scope>runtime</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<groupId>org.junit.vintage</groupId>
<artifactId>junit-vintage-engine</artifactId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.12</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
2) applicaiton.yml增加mybatis配置
spring:
datasource:
name: test #数据库名
url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test #url
username: root #用户名
password: root #密码
driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver #数据库链接驱动
mybatis:
mapper-locations: classpath:mapper/*.xml #配置映射文件
type-aliases-package: com.learning.springboot.bean #配置实体类
3) UserBean,定义
public class UserBean {
private int id;
private String name;
private String password;
然后右键 generate,选择 Getter And Setter
package com.learning.springboot.bean;
public class UserBean {
private int id;
private String name;
private String password;
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String getPassword() {
return password;
}
public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
}
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
}
4)UserMapper.java ,获取数据接口。
package com.learning.springboot.mapper;
import com.learning.springboot.bean.UserBean;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Param;
public interface UserMapper {
UserBean getInfo(String name, String password);
}
注意 ,如果报参数name找不到错误,则可以对参数增加注解@Param:
getInfo(@Para("name")String name, @Para("password")String password);
5) UserMapper.xml 读取数据库,注意包名和类名不要写错
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd" >
<mapper namespace="com.learning.springboot.mapper.UserMapper">
<select id="getInfo" parameterType="String" resultType="com.learning.springboot.bean.UserBean">
SELECT * FROM user WHERE name = #{name} AND password = #{password}
</select>
</mapper>
6)UserService 接口和 UserServiceImpl 实现
package com.learning.springboot.service;
import com.learning.springboot.bean.UserBean;
public interface UserService {
UserBean loginIn(String name, String password);
}
package com.learning.springboot.service.impl;
import com.learning.springboot.bean.UserBean;
import com.learning.springboot.mapper.UserMapper;
import com.learning.springboot.service.UserService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
@Service
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {
@Autowired
private UserMapper userMapper;
@Override
public UserBean loginIn(String name, String password) {
return userMapper.getInfo(name, password);
}
}
7)编写LoginController
package com.learning.springboot.controller;
import com.learning.springboot.bean.UserBean;
import com.learning.springboot.service.UserService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
@Controller
public class LoginController {
//将Service注入Web层
@Autowired
UserService userService;
@RequestMapping("/login")
public String show() {
return "login";
}
@RequestMapping(value = "/loginIn", method = RequestMethod.POST)
public String login(String name, String password) {
UserBean userBean = userService.loginIn(name, password);
if (userBean != null) {
return "success";
} else {
return "error";
}
}
}
8)依次是几个html页面 login.html, success.html,error.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>login</title>
</head>
<body>
<form role="form" action = "/loginIn" method="post">
账号:<input type="text" id="name" name = "name"> <br>
密码:<input type="password" id = "password" name = "password"> <br>
<input type="submit" id = "login" value = "login">
</form>
</body>
</html>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>success</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>登录成功!</h1>
</body>
</html>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>error</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>登录失败!</h1>
</body>
</html>
9)application启动页面,添加 @MapperScan("com.learning.springboot.mapper")
package com.learning.springboot;
import org.mybatis.spring.annotation.MapperScan;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
@SpringBootApplication
@MapperScan("com.learning.springboot.mapper")
public class SpringbootApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(SpringbootApplication.class, args);
}
}
10)启动项目,进入浏览器输入localhost:8080/login 。
如果启动报com.mysql.jdbc.Driver错误,则降低JDBC 版本即可