gridView的用法

 GridView(网格视图)是按照行列的方式来显示内容的，一般用于显示图片，图片等内容，比如实现九宫格图，用GridView是首选，也是最简单的。主要用于设置Adapter。
GridView常用的XML属性：
 
属性名称
    

描述

android:columnWidth
    

设置列的宽度。

android:gravity
    

设置此组件中的内容在组件中的位置。可选的值有：top、bottom、left、right、center_vertical、fill_vertical、center_horizontal、fill_horizontal、center、fill、clip_vertical可以多选，用“|”分开。

android:horizontalSpacing
    

两列之间的间距。

android:numColumns
    

设置列数。

android:stretchMode
    

缩放模式。

android:verticalSpacing
    

两行之间的间距。

 

下面有三个例子，第一个是只显示图片的，第二个是显示图片文字的(这里的图片是Android系统自带的图片)，第三个是显示自定义的图片文字。前面两个例子的实现都不是很难，第三个例子的实现有些复杂，学习GridView的时候，就想着能不能自定义自己喜欢的图片加上文字，在网上找些资料，一般都是第二个例子的形式的，最后在视频学习上找到了能实现自定义自己的图片的例子。自己就照着例子去学习，修改成了第三个例子。
第一个例子：
MainActivity.java
package com.android.gridview.activity;
 
import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.Context;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.AdapterView;
import android.widget.AdapterView.OnItemClickListener;
import android.widget.BaseAdapter;
import android.widget.GridView;
import android.widget.ImageView;
import android.widget.Toast;
 
public class MainActivity extends Activity {
    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.main);
        GridView gv = (GridView)findViewById(R.id.GridView1);
        //为GridView设置适配器
        gv.setAdapter(new MyAdapter(this));
        //注册监听事件
        gv.setOnItemClickListener(new OnItemClickListener()
        {
            public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> parent, View v, int position, long id)
            {
                Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "pic" + position, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            }
        });
    }
}
    //自定义适配器
    class MyAdapter extends BaseAdapter{
        //上下文对象
        private Context context;
        //图片数组
        private Integer[] imgs = {
                R.drawable.pic0, R.drawable.pic1, R.drawable.pic2,  
                R.drawable.pic3, R.drawable.pic4, R.drawable.pic5,                
                R.drawable.pic6, R.drawable.pic7, R.drawable.pic8,  
                R.drawable.pic0, R.drawable.pic1, R.drawable.pic2,  
                R.drawable.pic3, R.drawable.pic4, R.drawable.pic5,                
                R.drawable.pic6, R.drawable.pic7, R.drawable.pic8,
        };
        MyAdapter(Context context){
            this.context = context;
        }
        public int getCount() {
            return imgs.length;
        }
 
        public Object getItem(int item) {
            return item;
        }
 
        public long getItemId(int id) {
            return id;
        }
         
        //创建View方法
        public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
             ImageView imageView;
                if (convertView == null) {
                    imageView = new ImageView(context);
                    imageView.setLayoutParams(new GridView.LayoutParams(75, 75));//设置ImageView对象布局
                    imageView.setAdjustViewBounds(false);//设置边界对齐
                    imageView.setScaleType(ImageView.ScaleType.CENTER_CROP);//设置刻度的类型
                    imageView.setPadding(8, 8, 8, 8);//设置间距
                }  
                else {
                    imageView = (ImageView) convertView;
                }
                imageView.setImageResource(imgs[position]);//为ImageView设置图片资源
                return imageView;
        }
}
     
 
 
main.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    android:layout_width="fill_parent"
    android:layout_height="fill_parent"
    >
    <GridView  
        android:id="@+id/GridView1"  
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"  
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:columnWidth="90dp"
        android:numColumns="3"
        android:verticalSpacing="10dp"
        android:horizontalSpacing="10dp"
        android:stretchMode="columnWidth"
        android:gravity="center"         
        />
</LinearLayout>


 
第二个例子：
MainActivity.java
package com.android.gridview2.activity;
 
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.widget.GridView;
import android.widget.SimpleAdapter;
 
public class MainActivity extends Activity {
 
       private GridView gv;
       @Override
       protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
          // TODO Auto-generated method stub
          super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
          setContentView(R.layout.gridview);
 
          //准备要添加的数据条目
          List<Map<String, Object>> items = new ArrayList<Map<String,Object>>();
          for (int i = 0; i < 9; i++) {
            Map<String, Object> item = new HashMap<String, Object>();
            item.put("imageItem", R.drawable.icon);//添加图像资源的ID   
            item.put("textItem", "icon" + i);//按序号添加ItemText   
            items.add(item);
          }
 
         //实例化一个适配器
          SimpleAdapter adapter = new SimpleAdapter(this,  
                                                      items,  
                                                      R.layout.grid_item,  
                                                      new String[]{"imageItem", "textItem"},  
                                                      new int[]{R.id.image_item, R.id.text_item});
 
          //获得GridView实例
          gv = (GridView)findViewById(R.id.mygridview);
          //为GridView设置适配器
          gv.setAdapter(adapter);
 
       }
}
 
 
gridview.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
   android:layout_width="wrap_content"
   android:layout_height="wrap_content"
   >
   <GridView  
      android:id="@+id/mygridview"
      android:numColumns="3"
      android:gravity="center_horizontal"
      android:layout_width="wrap_content"
      android:layout_height="wrap_content"
      android:stretchMode="columnWidth"
      />
</LinearLayout>
 
grid_item.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
   android:id="@+id/RelativeLayout1"
   android:layout_width="wrap_content"  
   android:layout_height="fill_parent"
   android:paddingBottom="6dip"
   >
   <ImageView  
      android:id="@+id/image_item"
      android:layout_width="wrap_content"
      android:layout_height="wrap_content"
      android:layout_centerHorizontal="true"
      />
   <TextView  
      android:id="@+id/text_item"
      android:layout_below="@+id/image_item"
      android:layout_height="wrap_content"
      android:layout_width="wrap_content"
      android:layout_centerHorizontal="true"    
      />
</RelativeLayout>



 
第三个例子：
MainActivity.java
package com.android.gridview3;
 
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.Context;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.AdapterView;
import android.widget.BaseAdapter;
import android.widget.GridView;
import android.widget.ImageView;
import android.widget.TextView;
import android.widget.Toast;
import android.widget.AdapterView.OnItemClickListener;
 
public class MainActivity extends Activity
{
    private GridView gridView;
    //图片的文字标题
    private String[] titles = new String[]
    { "pic1", "pic2", "pic3", "pic4", "pic5", "pic6", "pic7", "pic8", "pic9"};
    //图片ID数组
    private int[] images = new int[]{        
            R.drawable.pic1, R.drawable.pic2, R.drawable.pic3,  
            R.drawable.pic4, R.drawable.pic5, R.drawable.pic6,  
            R.drawable.pic7, R.drawable.pic8,R.drawable.pic9  
    };
 
    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState){
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.main);
        gridView = (GridView) findViewById(R.id.gridview);
        PictureAdapter adapter = new PictureAdapter(titles, images, this);
        gridView.setAdapter(adapter);
 
        gridView.setOnItemClickListener(new OnItemClickListener()
            {
                public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> parent, View v, int position, long id)
                {
                    Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "pic" + (position+1), Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                }
            });
    }
}
//自定义适配器
class PictureAdapter extends BaseAdapter{
    private LayoutInflater inflater;
    private List<Picture> pictures;
 
    public PictureAdapter(String[] titles, int[] images, Context context)
    {
        super();
        pictures = new ArrayList<Picture>();
        inflater = LayoutInflater.from(context);
        for (int i = 0; i < images.length; i++)
        {
            Picture picture = new Picture(titles[i], images[i]);
            pictures.add(picture);
        }
    }
 
    @Override
    public int getCount()
    {
        if (null != pictures)
        {
            return pictures.size();
        } else
        {
            return 0;
        }
    }
 
    @Override
    public Object getItem(int position)
    {
        return pictures.get(position);
    }
 
    @Override
    public long getItemId(int position)
    {
        return position;
    }
 
    @Override
    public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent)
    {
        ViewHolder viewHolder;
        if (convertView == null)
        {
            convertView = inflater.inflate(R.layout.picture_item, null);
            viewHolder = new ViewHolder();
            viewHolder.title = (TextView) convertView.findViewById(R.id.title);
            viewHolder.image = (ImageView) convertView.findViewById(R.id.image);
            convertView.setTag(viewHolder);
        } else
        {
            viewHolder = (ViewHolder) convertView.getTag();
        }
        viewHolder.title.setText(pictures.get(position).getTitle());
        viewHolder.image.setImageResource(pictures.get(position).getImageId());
        return convertView;
    }
 
}
 
class ViewHolder
{
    public TextView title;
    public ImageView image;
}
 
class Picture
{
    private String title;
    private int imageId;
 
    public Picture()
    {
        super();
    }
 
    public Picture(String title, int imageId)
    {
        super();
        this.title = title;
        this.imageId = imageId;
    }
 
    public String getTitle()
    {
        return title;
    }
 
    public void setTitle(String title)
    {
        this.title = title;
    }
 
    public int getImageId()
    {
        return imageId;
    }
 
    public void setImageId(int imageId)
    {
        this.imageId = imageId;
    }
}
main.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<GridView xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"  
    android:id="@+id/gridview"
    android:layout_width="fill_parent"  
    android:layout_height="fill_parent"
    android:columnWidth="90dp"
    android:numColumns="auto_fit"
    android:verticalSpacing="10dp"
    android:horizontalSpacing="10dp"
    android:stretchMode="columnWidth"
    android:gravity="center"
    />
picture_item.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout
    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:id="@+id/root"
    android:orientation="vertical"  
    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"  
    android:layout_marginTop="5dp"
    >
    <ImageView  
        android:id="@+id/image"
        android:layout_width="100dp"
        android:layout_height="150dp"  
        android:layout_gravity="center"
        android:scaleType="fitXY"
        android:padding="4dp"
       />
    <TextView  
        android:id="@+id/title"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"  
        android:layout_gravity="center"
        android:gravity="center_horizontal"
        />
</LinearLayout>