@property - python内建装饰器

 @property   -   python内建装饰器

控制实例属性访问修改。优化代码,实现限制,减少错误

  如果，不想写s.set_score(9999),直接写s.score = 9999更快
  可以使用@property装饰器
  把get方法变为属性只需加上@property装饰器即可,
  此时@property本身又会创建另外两个装饰器：@score.setter,@score.deleter

修改前：

class Student(object):

  def get_score(self):
      return self._score

  def set_score(self, value):
      if not isinstance(value, int):
          raise ValueError('score must be an integer!')
      if value < 0 or value > 100:
          raise ValueError('score must between 0 ~ 100!')
      self._score = value

  def del_score(self):
      del self._score

>>> s = Student()
>>> s.set_score(60) # ok!
>>> s.get_score()
60
>>> s.del_score()

修改后：

class Student(object):

  @property
  def score(self):
      return self._score

  @score.setter
  def score(self,value):
      if not isinstance(value, int):
          raise ValueError('分数必须是整数才行呐')
      if value < 0 or value > 100:
          raise ValueError('分数必须0-100之间')
      self._score = value

  @score.deleter
  def score(self):
      del self._score
>>> s = Student()
>>> s.score = 60 # OK，实际转化为s.set_score(60)
>>> s.score # OK，实际转化为s.get_score()
60
>>> del s.score