字典
1.增
dic[key] = value #强制增加
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dic = {‘num’: ‘1’, ‘sum’: ‘2’}
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.dic[‘key_1’] = ‘value_1’
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.print(dic)
输出:{‘num’: ‘1’, ‘sum’: ‘2’, ‘key_1’: ‘value_1’}
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2.删
dic.pop(key) # 有返回值 返回的是被删除value
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dic = {‘num’: ‘1’, ‘sum’: ‘2’, ‘key_2’: ‘value_2’}
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.i = dic.pop(‘sum’)
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.print(dic)
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.print(i)
输出:{‘num’: ‘1’, ‘key_2’: ‘value_2’}
2
.del dic[key] #通过键删除对应的值
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dic = {‘num’: ‘1’, ‘sum’: ‘2’, ‘key_2’: ‘value_2’}
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.del dic[‘num’]
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.print(dic)
输出:{‘sum’: ‘2’, ‘key_2’: ‘value_2’}
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dic.popitem() #随机删除;
dic = {‘num’: ‘1’, ‘sum’: ‘2’, ‘key_2’: ‘value_2’}
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.dic.popitem().
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print(dic)
输出:{‘num’: ‘1’, ‘sum’: ‘2’}
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dic.clear() #清空字典
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dic = {‘num’: ‘1’, ‘sum’: ‘2’, ‘key_2’: ‘value_2’}
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.dic.clear()
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.print(dic)
输出:{}
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3.改
dic[key] = value #通过键修改对应的值
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dic = {‘num’: ‘1’, ‘sum’: ‘2’, ‘key_2’: ‘value_2’}
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.dic[‘num’] = ‘2’
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.print(dic)
输出:{‘num’: ‘2’, ‘sum’: ‘2’, ‘key_2’: ‘value_2’}
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dic.update(字典) #通过字典更新dic
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dic = {‘num’: ‘1’, ‘sum’: ‘2’, ‘key_2’: ‘value_2’}
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.dic_1 = {‘num’: ‘2’, ‘XX’: ‘YY’}
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.dic.update(dic_1)
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.print(dic)
输出:{‘num’: ‘2’, ‘sum’: ‘2’, ‘key_2’: ‘value_2’, ‘XX’: ‘YY’} #dic的’num’的值被dic_1更新并更新dic没有的键值对
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4.查
dic.get(key,提示信息) #通过字典的键查询对应的值,如果没有找到,返回提示信息,默认返回None
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dic = {‘num’: ‘1’, ‘sum’: ‘2’, ‘key_2’: ‘value_2’}
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.print(dic.get(‘num’, ‘没有对应的输入’))
输出:1
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dic = {‘num’: ‘1’, ‘sum’: ‘2’, ‘key_2’: ‘value_2’}
print(dic.get(‘nm’, ‘没有对应的输入’))
输出:没有对应的输入
dic[key] #通过字典的键查询对应的值,如果没有找到,报错
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dic = {‘num’: ‘1’, ‘sum’: ‘2’, ‘key_2’: ‘value_2’}
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.print(dic[‘num’])
输出:1
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dic = {‘num’: ‘1’, ‘sum’: ‘2’, ‘key_2’: ‘value_2’}
print(dic[‘nm’])
输出:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File “C:/Users/PycharmProjects/测试.py”, line 27, in
print(dic[‘nm’])
KeyError: ‘nm’
for 循环 #默认获取字典的键
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元祖
1.查
up=(1,2,‘Hello’,‘perfect’);
print(tu1[0]); 执行结果: 1
print(tup[1:3]); 执行结果: (2, ‘Hello’)
2.删
tup=(1,2,‘Hello’,‘perfect’);
del tup;
3.改
原则上我们不能对元祖进行任何修改,这里所说的修改是指生成新的元祖。
tup=(1,2,‘Hello’,‘perfect’);
tup[0] = 2; 这个语句是非法的,就不对能元祖元素进行修改
tup=tup + (3,4); 这是合法的,我们通过生成新的元祖方式进行修改。
集合
1.增,删
add:把要传入的元素做为一个整个添加到集合中。update方法:把要传入的元素拆分,做为个体传入到集合中。
删除:remove
a=set(‘apple’)
a.add(‘Hello’)
a
{‘e’, ‘a’, ‘Hello’, ‘p’, ‘l’}a.remove(‘Hello’)
a
{‘e’, ‘a’, ‘p’, ‘l’}a.update(‘World’)
a
{‘e’, ‘W’, ‘a’, ‘p’, ‘d’, ‘l’, ‘o’, ‘r’}