Python使用闭包和元类的方式创建类

仅为运行原理展示，实际使用直接用 def 返回 type 更加简单快捷。

def _generate_meta_of_limit_length_string(length: int):
    def _generate(class_name, class_bases, class_namespace):
        class_namespace['StringLimitLength'] = length
        return type(class_name, class_bases, class_namespace)
    return _generate


MyMetaClass = _generate_meta_of_limit_length_string(50)


class LimitLengthString(metaclass=MyMetaClass):
    StringLimitLength = 0

    def __new__(cls, content: str):
        if len(content) > cls.StringLimitLength:
            raise RuntimeError(f'Content length bigger than limit {cls.StringLimitLength}')
        return str(content)


a = LimitLengthString('Hello')
print(a)
b = LimitLengthString('寄' * 100)
print(b)

参考:

https://docs.python.org/zh-cn/3/library/functions.html#type
https://docs.python.org/zh-cn/3/reference/datamodel.html#metaclasses