使用servlet实现验证码--IMooC笔记

最新推荐文章于 2021-02-17 02:27:57 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2021-02-17 02:27:57 发布

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本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/henicolas/article/details/43736107

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需要用到验证码时，调用生成验证码图片的servlet即可

生成图片

1.BufferedImage图像数据缓冲区

2.Graphics绘制图片

3.通过Random产生随机验证码信息

4.使用Graphics绘制图片

5.记录验证码信息到session中

6.使用ImageIO输出图片

校验验证码是否正确

1.获取页面验证码

2.获取session保存的验证码

3.比较验证码

4.返回校验结果

两个servlet一个是生成验证码的ImageServlet，另一个是校验验证码的LoginServlet

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="3.0" 
	xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" 
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee 
	http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd">
  <display-name></display-name>	
  <servlet>
  	<servlet-name>ImageServlet</servlet-name>
  	<servlet-class>com.nicolashe.ImageServlet</servlet-class>
  	
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
  	<servlet-name> ImageServlet</servlet-name>
  	<url-pattern>/servlet/ImageServlet</url-pattern>
  
  </servlet-mapping>
  <servlet>
  	<servlet-name>LoginServlet</servlet-name>
  	<servlet-class>com.nicolashe.LoginServlet</servlet-class>
  	
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
  	<servlet-name> LoginServlet</servlet-name>
  	<url-pattern>/servlet/LoginServlet</url-pattern>
  
  </servlet-mapping>
  <welcome-file-list>
    <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
  </welcome-file-list>
</web-app>

生成验证码ImageServlet.java

package com.nicolashe;

import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Random;

import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

public class ImageServlet extends HttpServlet{
	public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response){
		BufferedImage bi=new BufferedImage(68,22,BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
		Graphics g=bi.getGraphics();
		Color c=new Color(200,150,255);
		g.setColor(c);
		g.fillRect(0, 0, 68, 22);//上面画了一个框
		/* *********************** */
		char[] ch="ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ01234546789".toCharArray();
		Random r=new Random();
		int len=ch.length;
		int index;
		StringBuffer sb=new StringBuffer();
		for(int i=0;i<4;i++){
			index=r.nextInt(len);
			g.setColor(new Color(r.nextInt(88),r.nextInt(188),r.nextInt(255)));
			g.drawString(ch[index]+"", (i*15)+3,18);
			sb.append(ch[index]);
		}
		request.getSession().setAttribute("piccode", sb.toString());
		try {
			ImageIO.write(bi, "JPG", response.getOutputStream());
		} catch (IOException e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}

}

校验验证码的LoginServlet.java:

package com.nicolashe;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

public class LoginServlet extends HttpServlet {
	public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response){
		String piccode=(String)request.getSession().getAttribute("piccode");
		String checkcode=request.getParameter("checkcode");
		response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
		checkcode=checkcode.toUpperCase();
		try {
			PrintWriter out=response.getWriter();
			if(checkcode.equals(piccode)){
				out.println("验证码正确");
				
			}
			else{
				out.println("验证码错误");
			}
		} catch (IOException e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		
	}

}

验证码输入页面index.jsp:

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
  <head>
    <base href="<%=basePath%>">
    
    <title>My JSP 'index.jsp' starting page</title>
	<meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
	<meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
	<meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">    
	<meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
	<meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
	<!--
	<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
	-->
	<script type="text/javascript">
	function reloadCode(){
		//备注是的代码不会使页面刷新，因为页面有缓存
		//document.getElementById("imagecode").src="<%=request.getContextPath()%>/servlet/ImageServlet"
	//给页面传递一个参数，时间参数，时间时刻在变化，所以每一次点击刷新都被浏览器认为是一次新的请求
	var time=new Date().getTime();
	document.getElementById("imagecode").src="<%=request.getContextPath()%>/servlet/ImageServlet?d="+time;
	}
	</script>
  </head>
  
  <body>
  <form action="<%=request.getContextPath()%>/servlet/LoginServlet" method="get">
    验证码：<input type="text" name="checkcode" />
    <img alt="验证码"  id="imagecode" src="<%=request.getContextPath()%>/servlet/ImageServlet"/>
      <a href="javascript:reloadCode()">看不清</a><br>
      <input type="submit" value="提交">
      </form>
  </body>
</html>

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使用servlet实现验证码--IMooC笔记

需要用到验证码时，调用生成验证码图片的servlet即可生成图片1.BufferedImage图像数据缓冲区2.Graphics绘制图片3.通过Random产生随机验证码信息4.使用Graphics绘制图片5.记录验证码信息到session中6.使用ImageIO输出图片校验验证码是否正确1.获取页面验证码2.获取session保存的验证码3.比
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