java图书管理系统

最新推荐文章于 2024-07-24 17:27:32 发布

snow_feather

最新推荐文章于 2024-07-24 17:27:32 发布

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文章标签： java 开发语言

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/snow_feather/article/details/136638167

版权

本文介绍了如何在Java中创建包和类，如Book和BookList，以及Operation包下的不同操作类（AddOperation,BorrowedOperation,DelOperation等），展示了如何实现图书管理系统的增删查借功能。

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大部分思路我都写在了下面，下面是我的思维导图，双击就能放大看到

这里是关于包的创建和各类的创建

book包

Book

package book;

public class Book {
    private String name;
    private String author;//作者
    private int price;
    private String type;
    private boolean isLend;//是否被借出，没有被初始化的情况下默认是false

    public Book(String name, String author, int price, String type) {
        this.name = name;
        this.author = author;
        this.price = price;
        this.type = type;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public String getAuthor() {
        return author;
    }

    public void setAuthor(String author) {
        this.author = author;
    }

    public int getPrice() {
        return price;
    }

    public void setPrice(int price) {
        this.price = price;
    }

    public String getType() {
        return type;
    }

    public void setType(String type) {
        this.type = type;
    }

    public boolean isLend() {
        return isLend;
    }

    public void setLend(boolean lend) {
        isLend = lend;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Book{" +
                "name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", author='" + author + '\'' +
                ", price=" + price +
                ", type='" + type + '\'' +
                (isLend == true?" ,已借出 ":" ,未借出 ")+
                //", isLend=" + isLend +
                '}';
    }
}

BookList

package book;

public class BookList {
    private Book[] books = new Book[10];
    private int usedSize;//用来记录当前存放多少书
    public BookList(){
        books[0]=new Book("三国演义","罗贯中",10,"小说");
        books[1]=new Book("西游记","吴承恩",12,"小说");
        books[2]=new Book("红楼梦","曹雪芹",11,"小说");
        this.usedSize = 3;
    }
    public Book getBook(int pos){
        return books[pos];//返回书籍的当前位置
    }
    public void setBook(int pos,Book book){
        books[pos] = book;
    }//添加书籍
    public int getUsedSize() {
        return usedSize;
    }

    public void setUsedSize(int usedSize) {
        this.usedSize = usedSize;
    }
    public boolean isFull(){
        if(this.usedSize == books.length){
            return true;
        }
        return false;
    }
}

operation包

AddOperation

package operation;

import book.Book;
import book.BookList;

import java.util.Scanner;

public class AddOperation implements IOPeration{
    public void work(BookList bookList){
        System.out.println("新增图书......");
        if(bookList.isFull()){
            System.out.println("书架满了 不能新增了!");
            return;
        }
        System.out.println("请输入需要新增的图书的书名: ");
        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
        String bookName = scanner.nextLine();

        System.out.println("请输入需要新增的图书的作者: ");
        String author = scanner.nextLine();

        System.out.println("请输入需要新增的图书的价格: ");
        int price = scanner.nextInt();

        System.out.println("请输入需要新增的图书的类型: ");
        String type = scanner.nextLine();

        Book book = new Book(bookName,author,price,type);
        //1.如果书架满了不能放 2.需要新增书籍的位置就是usedSize的位置
        int currentSize = bookList.getUsedSize();//看一下当前有多少书籍，并获取他的个数
        bookList.setBook(currentSize,book);//在当前位置添加书籍
        bookList.setUsedSize(currentSize+1);//添加完之后把位置往后移，方便下一次添加
        System.out.println("新增图书成功！");
    }
}

BorrowedOperation

package operation;

import book.Book;
import book.BookList;

import java.util.Scanner;

//借阅系统
public class BorrowedOperation implements IOPeration{
    @Override
    public void work(BookList bookList) {
        System.out.println("借阅图书......");
        System.out.println("请输入你要借阅的图书:");
        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
        String bookName = scanner.nextLine();

        int currentSize = bookList.getUsedSize();
        for (int i = 0; i < currentSize; i++) {
            Book book = bookList.getBook(i);
            if(book.getName().equals(bookName)) {
                book.setLend(true);
                System.out.println("借阅成功");
                return;
            }
        }
        System.out.println("借阅失败");
    }
}

DelOperation

package operation;

import book.Book;
import book.BookList;

import java.util.Scanner;

public class DelOperation implements IOPeration{
    public void work(BookList bookList){
        System.out.println("删除图书......");

        System.out.println("请输入你要删除的图书书名: ");
        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
        String bookName = scanner.nextLine();

        int currentSize = bookList.getUsedSize();
        int pos = -1;
        int i=0;
        for (;i<currentSize;i++) {
            Book book = bookList.getBook(i);
            if (book.getName().equals(bookName)) {//利用for循环和equals查看需要查找的书籍在书架上有没有
                //找到这本书了，记录它的下标
                pos=i;
                break;
            }
        }
        if(i>=currentSize){
            System.out.println("没有你要找的书!");
            return;
        }
        for(int j=pos;j<currentSize-1;j++){
            //bookList[j]=bookList[j+1]不是一个数组，不能这样写
            Book book = bookList.getBook(j+1);//先把j+1的拿出来
            bookList.setBook(j,book);
        }
        //修改usedSize
        bookList.setUsedSize(currentSize-1);
        bookList.setBook(currentSize-1,null);

        System.out.println("删除成功!");
    }
}

ExitOperation

package operation;

import book.BookList;

public class ExitOperation implements IOPeration{
    public void work(BookList bookList){
        System.out.println("退出系统......");
        int currentSize = bookList.getUsedSize();
        for (int i = 0; i < currentSize; i++) {
            bookList.setBook(i,null);
        }


        System.exit(0);
    }
}

FindOperation

package operation;

import book.Book;
import book.BookList;

import java.util.Scanner;

//查找图书
public class FindOperation implements IOPeration{
    public void work(BookList bookList){
        System.out.println("查找图书......");
        //在哪里查找我们可以定义一个work方法，把书架传过去，因为要在书架里面查找
        System.out.println("请输入你要查找的图书名:");
        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
        String bookName = scanner.nextLine();
        int currentSize = bookList.getUsedSize();
        for (int i=0;i<currentSize;i++){
            //Book book = bookList[i];错误写法，因为BookList不是一个数组类型，是一个类的类型，是bookList里面有一个数组
            Book book = bookList.getBook(i);
            if (book.getName().equals(bookName)){//利用for循环和equals查看需要查找的书籍在书架上有没有
                System.out.println("找到了这本书: ");
                System.out.println(book);
                return;
            }
        }
        System.out.println("没有你要找的书......");
    }
}

ReturnOperation

package operation;

import book.Book;
import book.BookList;

import java.util.Scanner;

//归还图书
public class ReturnOperation implements IOPeration{
    @Override
    public void work(BookList bookList) {
        System.out.println("归还图书......");
        System.out.println("请输入你要归还的图书:");
        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
        String bookName = scanner.nextLine();

        int currentSize = bookList.getUsedSize();
        for (int i = 0; i < currentSize; i++) {
            Book book = bookList.getBook(i);
            if(book.getName().equals(bookName)) {
                book.setLend(false);
                System.out.println("归还成功");
                return;
            }
        }
        System.out.println("归还失败");
        }
    }

ShowOperation

package operation;

import book.Book;
import book.BookList;

public class ShowOperation implements IOPeration{
    @Override
    public void work(BookList bookList) {
        System.out.println("显示图书......");
        int currentSize = bookList.getUsedSize();
        for (int i = 0; i < currentSize; i++) {
            //Book book = bookList[i];错误写法，因为BookList不是一个数组类型，是一个类的类型，是bookList里面有一个数组
            Book book = bookList.getBook(i);
            System.out.println(book);
        }
    }
}

IOPeration接口

package operation;

import book.BookList;

public interface IOPeration {
    void work(BookList bookList);

}

user包

AdminUser

package user;

import operation.*;

import java.util.Scanner;

public class AdminUser extends User{
    public AdminUser(String name){
        super(name);
        this.ioPeration = new IOPeration[]{
                new ExitOperation(),
                new FindOperation(),
                new AddOperation(),
                new DelOperation(),
                new ShowOperation()
        };
    }
    public int menu(){
        System.out.println("******管理员菜单******");
        System.out.println("1.查找图书");
        System.out.println("2.新增图书");
        System.out.println("3.删除图书");
        System.out.println("4.显示图书");
        System.out.println("0.退出系统");
        System.out.println("********************");
        System.out.println("请输入你的操作: ");
        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
        int choice = scanner.nextInt();
        return choice;
    }
}

NormalUser

package user;

import operation.*;

import java.util.Scanner;

public class NormalUser extends User{
    public NormalUser(String name){

        super(name);
        this.ioPeration = new IOPeration[]{
                new ExitOperation(),
                new FindOperation(),
                new BorrowedOperation(),
                new ReturnOperation()
        };//分配内存的同时进行初始化
    }
    public int menu(){
        System.out.println("******普通用户菜单******");
        System.out.println("1.查找图书");
        System.out.println("2.借阅图书");
        System.out.println("3.归还图书");
        System.out.println("0.退出系统");
        System.out.println("*********************");
        System.out.println("请输入你的操作: ");
        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
        int choice = scanner.nextInt();
        return choice;
    }
}

User

package user;

import book.BookList;
import operation.IOPeration;

//第一不是表达某一个具体的对象，第二个包含了一个抽象方法,所以这个类只能是一个抽象方法
//在User里面新增，因为普通用户和管理员用户都继承于User，所以相当于在普通用户和管理员用户都新增了
public abstract class User {
    protected String name;
    protected IOPeration[] ioPeration;//创建一个实现了该接口的对象数组，其中数组的元素类型是实现了该接口的类。
    public User(String name){

        this.name = name;
    }
    public abstract int menu();//没有必要写具体实现，因为在子类里面写了，所以我们需要用abstract

    public void doIoperation(int choice, BookList bookList){
        this.ioPeration[choice].work(bookList);
    }
}

Main方法

import book.BookList;
import user.AdminUser;
import user.NormalUser;
import user.User;

import java.util.Scanner;

public class Main {
    public static User login(){
        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
        System.out.println("请输入你的名字:");
        String name = scanner.nextLine();

        System.out.println("请输入你的身份:  1.管理员  2.普通用户");
        int choice = scanner.nextInt();
        if(choice==1){
            AdminUser adminUser = new AdminUser(name);
            return adminUser;//返回类型不一样，但是由于User是他们的父类，所以返回值是User
        } else{
            NormalUser normalUser = new NormalUser(name);
            return normalUser;
        }
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        BookList bookList = new BookList();
        //user有可能引用管理员用户也有可能引用普通用户
        User user = login();//先进行登录，登录成功之后已经实例化好了一个对应的对象;发生了向上转型，有可能引用adminUser也有可能引用normalUser
        while(true) {
            int choice = user.menu();//所以我们要在User里面进行menu的声明;利用到了向上转型，利用到了动态绑定
            //因为管理员菜单和普通用户菜单都有相同的数字，所以choice不知道是哪个用户的choice
            user.doIoperation(choice, bookList);
        }
    }
}