MySQL-5.7.25 tar包CentOS7安装

清除系统自带MySQL

root@test>rpm -qa | grep mysql
akonadi-mysql-1.9.2-4.el7.x86_64
qt-mysql-4.8.5-11.el7.x86_64
root@test>rpm -e akonadi-mysql-1.9.2-4.el7.x86_64
root@test>rpm -e qt-mysql-4.8.5-11.el7.x86_64

root@test>rpm -qa|grep mariadb
mariadb-libs-5.5.44-2.el7.x86_64
mariadb-server-5.5.44-2.el7.x86_64
mariadb-5.5.44-2.el7.x86_64
root@test>rpm -e mariadb-server-5.5.44-2.el7.x86_64
root@test>rpm -e mariadb-5.5.44-2.el7.x86_64

由于mariadb-libs有依赖关系，暂且不删除，删除原有配置文件/etc/my.cnf

root@test>rm -rf /etc/my.cnf

创建mysql用户和mysql组

如果已创建则忽略（-s /bin/false参数指定mysql用户仅拥有所有权，而没有登录权限）

groupadd mysql
useradd -r -g mysql -s /bin/false mysql

下载tar包并解压

访问官网下载指定tar包，上传本地CentOS7服务器，将tar包解压，并重命名

root@test>tar -xvf mysql-5.7.25-el7-x86_64.tar
root@test>tar -zxvf mysql-5.7.25-el7-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local
root@test>mv /usr/local/mysql-5.7.25-el7-x86_64 mysql

CentOS环境变量配置

修改/etc/profile，在文件最后添加MySQL bin路径，并保存

export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin

使/etc/profile配置文件生效

source /etc/profile

修改MySQL启动脚本

1. 备份脚本（修改原始脚本前，优先备份）

root@test:/usr/local/mysql>cp ./support-files/mysql.server ./support-files/mysql.server.bak.20191022

2. 修改启动脚本，改为当前MySQL目录

仅列出修改的脚本

# Set some defaults
# 自定义pid的路径，可以使用默认路径
mysqld_pid_file_path=/iot/mysql/data/mysqld.pid
if test -z "$basedir"
then
  basedir=/usr/local/mysql
  bindir=/usr/local/mysql/bin
  if test -z "$datadir"
  then
  	# 自定义data目录的路径，data目录最好与日志及binlog日志路径放在不同磁盘，以提高写入效率
    datadir=/iot/mysql/data
  fi
  sbindir=/usr/local/mysql/bin
  libexecdir=/usr/local/mysql/bin
else
  bindir="$basedir/bin"
  if test -z "$datadir"
  then
    datadir="$basedir/data"
  fi
  sbindir="$basedir/sbin"
  libexecdir="$basedir/libexec"
fi

创建data文件夹，并修改权限及用户组

root@test:/iot/mysql>mkdir data
root@test:/iot/mysql>chmod 770 -R data/
root@test:/iot/mysql>chown -R mysql:mysql data/

MySQL所在路径权限配置

root@test>chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql/

如果MySQL basedir还有父级目录，父级目录的权限需要为755

配置文件

新建配置文件/etc/my.cnf

[mysqld]
port=3306
datadir=/iot/mysql/data
socket=/iot/mysql/mysql.sock
user=mysql
max_connections=151
# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0
# 区分大小写
lower_case_table_names = 0
# 指定编码
character-set-server=utf8
collation-server=utf8_general_ci

log_timestamps=SYSTEM
default-time-zone='+8:00'

sql_mode=STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,NO_ZERO_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION
[mysqld_safe]
log_error=/iot/mysql/log/mysqld.log
pid_file=/iot/mysql/data/mysqld.pid
 
#指定客户端连接mysql时的socket通信文件路径
[client]
socket=/iot/mysql/mysql.sock
default-character-set=utf8

修改my.cnf权限

root@test:/iot>chmod 644 /etc/my.cnf

注意这里权限不能大于644，否则会提示

[Warning] World-writable config file '/etc/my.cnf' is ignored.

大概意思是权限全局可写，任何一个用户都可以写。mysql担心这种文件被其他用户恶意修改，所以忽略掉这个配置文件。

根据log_error=/iot/mysql/log/mysqld.log路径新建log文件

root@test:/iot/mysql>cd log/
root@test:/iot/mysql/log>touch mysqld.log
root@test:/iot/mysql/log>ll
总用量 0
-rw------- 1 root root 0 2019-03-05 16:07:35 mysqld.log
root@test:/iot/mysql/log>chown mysql:mysql mysqld.log
# 权限改为666更靠谱
root@test:/iot/mysql/log>chmod 666 mysqld.log

初始化MySQL

root@test:/usr/local/mysql>./bin/mysqld --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --log-error=/iot/mysql/log/mysqld.log --datadir=/iot/mysql/data  --initialize
root@test:/usr/local/mysql> tailf /iot/mysql/mysql-5.7.25/log/mysqld.log
2019-03-05T06:20:37.283941Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2019-03-05T06:20:37.903864Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790
2019-03-05T06:20:38.006903Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
2019-03-05T06:20:38.071675Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: cb146e07-3f0e-11e9-a5f0-0050568d27e1.
2019-03-05T06:20:38.075188Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.
2019-03-05T06:20:38.076639Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@test: s6Yhwst?A.Ax

记住root账户登陆密码：++s6Yhwst?A.Ax++

配置系统命令

复制启动脚本到资源目录

root@test:/> cd /usr/local/mysql
root@test:/usr/local/mysql> cp ./support-files/mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld

增加mysqld服务控制脚本执行权限

root@test:/usr/local/mysql> chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld

将mysqld服务加入到系统服务

root@test:/usr/local/mysql> chkconfig --add mysqld

检查mysqld服务是否已经生效

root@test:/usr/local/mysql> chkconfig --list mysqld
mysqld          0:关闭  1:关闭  2:启用  3:启用  4:启用  5:启用  6:关闭

启动MySQL

root@test:/usr/local/mysql> systemctl start mysqld

修改root账户密码

1. 利用上述密码++s6Yhwst?A.Ax++登陆MySQL，修改默认密码

alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by '123456';

2. 设置允许远程连接数据库

use mysql;
update user set user.Host='%' where user.User='root';
select user,host from user;
flush privileges;

设置完成之后，就可以远程使用user=root, password=123456登陆MySQL了。