Oracle工具——DBNEWID

 

DBNEWID工具用来修改一个数据库的DBID或DBNAME。

使用修改控制文件的方法可以修改DBNAME，但是无法修改DBID，而RMAN工具是通过DBID来唯一确认一个数据库的。

只有通过DBNEWID工具才能修改数据库的ID，DBNEWID也可以同时修改DBNAME，或者仅修改DBNAME。

将数据库正常关闭，且置于MOUNT状态：

[oracle@bjtest ~]$ sqlplus "/ as sysdba"

SQL*Plus: Release 9.2.0.4.0 - Production on 星期二 4月 7 17:08:19 2009

Copyright (c) 1982, 2002, Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved.

连接到:
Oracle9i Enterprise Edition Release 9.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP and Oracle Data Mining options
JServer Release 9.2.0.4.0 - Production

SQL> select dbid, name from v$database;

DBID NAME
---------- ---------
2657054673 BJTEST

SQL> select global_name from global_name;

GLOBAL_NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
BJTEST

SQL> shutdown immediate数据库已经关闭。已经卸载数据库。
ORACLE 例程已经关闭。
SQL> startup mount
ORACLE 例程已经启动。

Total System Global Area 9432971568 bytes
Fixed Size 756016 bytes
Variable Size 838860800 bytes
Database Buffers 8589934592 bytes
Redo Buffers 3420160 bytes数据库装载完毕。

下面利用DBNEWID修改数据库的ID和DBNAME：

SQL> host
[oracle@bjtest ~]$ nid target=/ dbname=test9i
DBNEWID: Release 9.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production
Copyright (c) 1995, 2002, Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved.

Connected to database BJTEST (DBID=2657054673)

Control Files in database:
/data/oradata/bjtest/control01.ctl
/data/oradata/bjtest/control02.ctl
/data/oradata/bjtest/control03.ctl

Change database ID and database name BJTEST to TEST9I? (Y/[N]) => Y

Proceeding with operation
Changing database ID from 2657054673 to 2420633656
Changing database name from BJTEST to TEST9I
Control File /data/oradata/bjtest/control01.ctl - modified
Control File /data/oradata/bjtest/control02.ctl - modified
Control File /data/oradata/bjtest/control03.ctl - modified
Datafile /data/oradata/bjtest/system01.dbf - dbid changed, wrote new name
Datafile /data/oradata/bjtest/undotbs01.dbf - dbid changed, wrote new name
Datafile /data/oradata/bjtest/cwmlite01.dbf - dbid changed, wrote new name
Datafile /data/oradata/bjtest/drsys01.dbf - dbid changed, wrote new name
Datafile /data/oradata/bjtest/example01.dbf - dbid changed, wrote new name
Datafile /data/oradata/bjtest/indx01.dbf - dbid changed, wrote new name
Datafile /data/oradata/bjtest/odm01.dbf - dbid changed, wrote new name
Datafile /data/oradata/bjtest/tools01.dbf - dbid changed, wrote new name
Datafile /data/oradata/bjtest/users01.dbf - dbid changed, wrote new name
Datafile /data/oradata/bjtest/xdb01.dbf - dbid changed, wrote new name
Datafile /data/oradata/bjtest/ndmain01.dbf - dbid changed, wrote new name
Datafile /data/oradata/bjtest/ndmain02.dbf - dbid changed, wrote new name
Datafile /data/oradata/bjtest/ndmain03.dbf - dbid changed, wrote new name
Datafile /data/oradata/bjtest/ndmain04.dbf - dbid changed, wrote new name
Datafile /data/oradata/bjtest/ndmain05.dbf - dbid changed, wrote new name
Datafile /data/oradata/bjtest/ndmain06.dbf - dbid changed, wrote new name
Datafile /data/oradata/bjtest/ndmain07.dbf - dbid changed, wrote new name
Datafile /data/oradata/bjtest/ndmain08.dbf - dbid changed, wrote new name
Datafile /data/oradata/bjtest/ndmain09.dbf - dbid changed, wrote new name
Datafile /data/oradata/bjtest/ndindex01.dbf - dbid changed, wrote new name
Datafile /data/oradata/bjtest/ndindex02.dbf - dbid changed, wrote new name
Datafile /data/oradata/bjtest/ndindex03.dbf - dbid changed, wrote new name
Datafile /data/oradata/bjtest/ndindex04.dbf - dbid changed, wrote new name
Datafile /data/oradata/bjtest/ndindex05.dbf - dbid changed, wrote new name
Datafile /data/oradata/bjtest/ndindex06.dbf - dbid changed, wrote new name
Datafile /data/oradata/bjtest/lt_ts01.dbf - dbid changed, wrote new name
Datafile /data/oradata/bjtest/lt_ts02.dbf - dbid changed, wrote new name
Datafile /data/oradata/bjtest/lt_ts03.dbf - dbid changed, wrote new name
Datafile /data/oradata/bjtest/lt_ts04.dbf - dbid changed, wrote new name
Datafile /data/oradata/bjtest/lt_ts05.dbf - dbid changed, wrote new name
Datafile /data/oradata/bjtest/lt_ts06.dbf - dbid changed, wrote new name
Datafile /data/oradata/bjtest/lt_ts07.dbf - dbid changed, wrote new name
Datafile /data/oradata/bjtest/lt_ts08.dbf - dbid changed, wrote new name
Datafile /data/oradata/bjtest/lt_ts09.dbf - dbid changed, wrote new name
Datafile /data/oradata/bjtest/lt_ts10.dbf - dbid changed, wrote new name
Datafile /data/oradata/bjtest/lt_ts11.dbf - dbid changed, wrote new name
Datafile /data/oradata/bjtest/lt_ts12.dbf - dbid changed, wrote new name
Datafile /data/oradata/bjtest/lt_ts13.dbf - dbid changed, wrote new name
Datafile /data/oradata/bjtest/lt_ts14.dbf - dbid changed, wrote new name
Datafile /data/oradata/bjtest/lt_ts15.dbf - dbid changed, wrote new name
Datafile /data/oradata/bjtest/lt_ts16.dbf - dbid changed, wrote new name
Datafile /data/oradata/bjtest/log01.dbf - dbid changed, wrote new name
Datafile /data/oradata/bjtest/lt_index_ts01.dbf - dbid changed, wrote new name
Datafile /data/oradata/bjtest/lt_index_ts02.dbf - dbid changed, wrote new name
Datafile /data/oradata/bjtest/lt_index_ts03.dbf - dbid changed, wrote new name
Datafile /data/oradata/bjtest/lt_index_ts04.dbf - dbid changed, wrote new name
Datafile /data/oradata/bjtest/lt_index_ts05.dbf - dbid changed, wrote new name
Datafile /data/oradata/bjtest/lt_index_ts06.dbf - dbid changed, wrote new name
Datafile /data/oradata/bjtest/lt_index_ts07.dbf - dbid changed, wrote new name
Datafile /data/oradata/bjtest/lt_index_ts08.dbf - dbid changed, wrote new name
Datafile /data/oradata/bjtest/lt_index_ts09.dbf - dbid changed, wrote new name
Datafile /data/oradata/bjtest/lt_index_ts10.dbf - dbid changed, wrote new name
Datafile /data/oradata/bjtest/lt_index_ts11.dbf - dbid changed, wrote new name
Datafile /data/oradata/bjtest/lt_index_ts12.dbf - dbid changed, wrote new name
Datafile /data/oradata/bjtest/lt_index_ts13.dbf - dbid changed, wrote new name
Datafile /data/oradata/bjtest/lt_index_ts14.dbf - dbid changed, wrote new name
Datafile /data/oradata/bjtest/lt_index_ts15.dbf - dbid changed, wrote new name
Datafile /data/oradata/bjtest/ndmain10.dbf - dbid changed, wrote new name
Datafile /data/oradata/bjtest/perfstat01.dbf - dbid changed, wrote new name
Datafile /data/oradata/bjtest/js01.dbf - dbid changed, wrote new name
Datafile /data/oradata/bjtest/temp01.dbf - dbid changed, wrote new name
Control File /data/oradata/bjtest/control01.ctl - dbid changed, wrote new name
Control File /data/oradata/bjtest/control02.ctl - dbid changed, wrote new name
Control File /data/oradata/bjtest/control03.ctl - dbid changed, wrote new name

Database name changed to TEST9I.
Modify parameter file and generate a new password file before restarting.
Database ID for database TEST9I changed to 2420633656.
All previous backups and archived redo logs for this database are unusable.
Shut down database and open with RESETLOGS option.
Succesfully changed database name and ID.
DBNEWID - Completed succesfully.

在9i中需要重建密码文件，否则数据库启动会报错ORA-1991：

[oracle@bjtest dbs]$ orapwd file=orapwbjtest password=test

然后修改SPFILE文件中的内容，注意需要关闭数据库后，再次打开才能修改SPFILE的内容：

[oracle@bjtest ~]$ exit
exit

SQL> alter system set db_name = test9i scope = spfile;
alter system set db_name = test9i scope = spfile
*
ERROR 位于第 1 行:
ORA-32017: failure in updating SPFILE
ORA-32016: parameter "db_name" cannot be updated in SPFILE

SQL> shutdown immediate
ORA-01109: 数据库未打开

已经卸载数据库。
ORACLE 例程已经关闭。
SQL> startup nomount
ORACLE 例程已经启动。

Total System Global Area 9432971568 bytes
Fixed Size 756016 bytes
Variable Size 838860800 bytes
Database Buffers 8589934592 bytes
Redo Buffers 3420160 bytes
SQL> alter system set db_name = 'test9i' scope = spfile;

系统已更改。

SQL> shutdown immediate
ORA-01507: ??????

ORACLE 例程已经关闭。
SQL> startup mount
ORACLE 例程已经启动。

Total System Global Area 9432971568 bytes
Fixed Size 756016 bytes
Variable Size 838860800 bytes
Database Buffers 8589934592 bytes
Redo Buffers 3420160 bytes数据库装载完毕。
SQL> alter database open resetlogs;

数据库已更改。

检查数据库的DBID和DBNAME：

SQL> select dbid, name from v$database;

DBID NAME
---------- ---------
2420633656 TEST9I

SQL> select global_name from global_name;

GLOBAL_NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
BJTEST

SQL> alter database rename global_name to test9i;

数据库已更改。

SQL> select global_name from global_name;

GLOBAL_NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
TEST9I

修改GLOBAL_NAME后，修改DBID和DBNAME的操作完成。