基于二进制方式搭建K8s集群-部署CNI网络和Dashboard

最新推荐文章于 2024-02-26 17:41:05 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-02-26 17:41:05 发布

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本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/software444/article/details/118245205

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8、部署CNI网络

8.1、node节点部署CNI

（1）下载地址

 https://github.com/containernetworking/plugins/releases/download/v0.8.6/cni-plugins-linux-amd64-v0.8.6.tgz
 #并将文件拷贝到虚拟机/opt目录；

（2）文件准备

 #创建文件夹
 mkdir /opt/cni/bin
 #解压文件
 tar zxvf cni-plugins-linux-amd64-v0.8.6.tgz -C /opt/cni/bin
 #集群会自动识别

8.2、master部署flannel

（1）方法一(在线)：拉取官方镜像

 wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/coreos/flannel/master/Documentation/kube-flannel.yml

如果默认镜像地址无法访问，通过sed命令修改为docker hub镜像仓库，执行命令如下：

 kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/coreos/flannel/master/Documentation/kube-flannel.yml
 #检查 Pod 的状态，可能存在ImagePullError(镜像拉取失败)
 kubectl get pods -n kube-system

在这里插入图片描述
（2）方法二(离线)：拉取国内镜像

通过https://raw.githubusercontent.com/coreos/flannel/master/Documentation/kube-flannel.yml 链接将kube-flannel.yml文件下载到本地，并拷贝到Linux环境目录/opt/k8s.
从阿里云拉取flannel镜像

 #当前最新版本
 docker pull registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/k8sos/flannel:v0.13.1-rc2

将kube-flannel.yml文件中的镜像名称(image: quay.io/coreos/flannel:vxx)全部替换为：registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/k8sos/flannel:v0.13.1-rc2
重新应用kube-flannel.yaml

 #执行命令
 kubectl apply -f /opt/k8s/kube-flannel.yml 
 #检查Pod状态，执行命令：
 kubectl get pods -n kube-system

在这里插入图片描述

8.3、测试Kubernetes集群

在Kubernetes集群中创建一个Pod，验证是否正常运行：

#在k8s-master执行如下命令：
kubectl create deployment nginx --image=nginx  #自动联网下载nginx镜像
#对外暴露80映射端口
kubectl expose deployment nginx --port=80 --type=NodePort 
kubectl get pod,svc

在这里插入图片描述
注意：会被调度到node1和node2节点，在node1和node2节点查看。访问地址：http://NodeIP:Port(此处为31923)，或者通过命令curl GET http://nodeIP:31923访问，输出nginx默认页面如下：

9、部署Dashboard

kubernetes Dashboard是kubernetes集群的Web UI，用于管理集群。

9.1、安装

Github地址：https://github.com/kubernetes/dashboard
创建 SSL 证书需要私钥和证书签名请求。这些可以通过一些简单的命令生成。当 openssl req 命令要求输入“挑战密码”时，只需按回车键，将密码留空。当证书颁发机构想要撤销其证书时，证书颁发机构使用此密码对证书所有者进行身份验证。由于这是一个自签名证书，因此无法通过 CRL（证书撤销列表）撤销它。

#进入服务器目录
cd /root/TLS/k8s

#生成自签证书
openssl genrsa -des3 -passout pass:over4chars -out dashboard.pass.key 2048
openssl rsa -passin pass:over4chars -in dashboard.pass.key -out dashboard.key
#写入 RSA 密钥
rm dashboard.pass.key
openssl req -new -key dashboard.key -out dashboard.csr
国家/地区名称（2 个字母代码）[CN]：中国
挑战密码 []:

#自签名 SSL 证书是从dashboard.key私钥和dashboard.csr文件生成的。
openssl x509 -req -sha256 -days 730 -in dashboard.csr -signkey dashboard.key -out dashboard.crt

#在Service节出增加Type=NodePort
#ls-key-file=dashboard.key
#tls-cert-file=dashboard.crt
cat > recommend.yaml << EOF
apiVersion: v1
kind: Namespace
metadata:
  name: kubernetes-dashboard

---

apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard

---

kind: Service
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
spec:
  type: NodePort
  ports:
    - port: 443
      targetPort: 8443
  selector:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard

---

apiVersion: v1
kind: Secret
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard-certs
  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
type: Opaque

---

apiVersion: v1
kind: Secret
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard-csrf
  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
type: Opaque
data:
  csrf: ""

---

apiVersion: v1
kind: Secret
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard-key-holder
  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
type: Opaque

---

kind: ConfigMap
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard-settings
  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard

---

kind: Role
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
rules:
  # Allow Dashboard to get, update and delete Dashboard exclusive secrets.
  - apiGroups: [""]
    resources: ["secrets"]
    resourceNames: ["kubernetes-dashboard-key-holder", "kubernetes-dashboard-certs", "kubernetes-dashboard-csrf"]
    verbs: ["get", "update", "delete"]
    # Allow Dashboard to get and update 'kubernetes-dashboard-settings' config map.
  - apiGroups: [""]
    resources: ["configmaps"]
    resourceNames: ["kubernetes-dashboard-settings"]
    verbs: ["get", "update"]
    # Allow Dashboard to get metrics.
  - apiGroups: [""]
    resources: ["services"]
    resourceNames: ["heapster", "dashboard-metrics-scraper"]
    verbs: ["proxy"]
  - apiGroups: [""]
    resources: ["services/proxy"]
    resourceNames: ["heapster", "http:heapster:", "https:heapster:", "dashboard-metrics-scraper", "http:dashboard-metrics-scraper"]
    verbs: ["get"]

---

kind: ClusterRole
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
rules:
  # Allow Metrics Scraper to get metrics from the Metrics server
  - apiGroups: ["metrics.k8s.io"]
    resources: ["pods", "nodes"]
    verbs: ["get", "list", "watch"]

---

apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: RoleBinding
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
roleRef:
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
  kind: Role
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
subjects:
  - kind: ServiceAccount
    name: kubernetes-dashboard
    namespace: kubernetes-dashboard

---

apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
metadata:
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
roleRef:
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
  kind: ClusterRole
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
subjects:
  - kind: ServiceAccount
    name: kubernetes-dashboard
    namespace: kubernetes-dashboard

---

kind: Deployment
apiVersion: apps/v1
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
spec:
  replicas: 1
  revisionHistoryLimit: 10
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
    spec:
      containers:
        - name: kubernetes-dashboard
          image: kubernetesui/dashboard:v2.3.1
          imagePullPolicy: Always
          ports:
            - containerPort: 8443
              protocol: TCP
          args:
            - --auto-generate-certificates
            - --namespace=kubernetes-dashboard
            - --tls-key-file=dashboard.key
            - --tls-cert-file=dashboard.crt
            - --token-ttl=43200
            # Uncomment the following line to manually specify Kubernetes API server Host
            # If not specified, Dashboard will attempt to auto discover the API server and connect
            # to it. Uncomment only if the default does not work.
            # - --apiserver-host=http://my-address:port
          volumeMounts:
            - name: kubernetes-dashboard-certs
              mountPath: /certs
              # Create on-disk volume to store exec logs
            - mountPath: /tmp
              name: tmp-volume
          livenessProbe:
            httpGet:
              scheme: HTTPS
              path: /
              port: 8443
            initialDelaySeconds: 30
            timeoutSeconds: 30
          securityContext:
            allowPrivilegeEscalation: false
            readOnlyRootFilesystem: true
            runAsUser: 1001
            runAsGroup: 2001
      volumes:
        - name: kubernetes-dashboard-certs
          secret:
            secretName: kubernetes-dashboard-certs
        - name: tmp-volume
          emptyDir: {}
      serviceAccountName: kubernetes-dashboard
      nodeSelector:
        "kubernetes.io/os": linux
      # Comment the following tolerations if Dashboard must not be deployed on master
      tolerations:
        - key: node-role.kubernetes.io/master
          effect: NoSchedule

---

kind: Service
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: dashboard-metrics-scraper
  name: dashboard-metrics-scraper
  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
spec:
  ports:
    - port: 8000
      targetPort: 8000
  selector:
    k8s-app: dashboard-metrics-scraper

---

kind: Deployment
apiVersion: apps/v1
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: dashboard-metrics-scraper
  name: dashboard-metrics-scraper
  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
spec:
  replicas: 1
  revisionHistoryLimit: 10
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      k8s-app: dashboard-metrics-scraper
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        k8s-app: dashboard-metrics-scraper
      annotations:
        seccomp.security.alpha.kubernetes.io/pod: 'runtime/default'
    spec:
      containers:
        - name: dashboard-metrics-scraper
          image: kubernetesui/metrics-scraper:v1.0.6
          ports:
            - containerPort: 8000
              protocol: TCP
          livenessProbe:
            httpGet:
              scheme: HTTP
              path: /
              port: 8000
            initialDelaySeconds: 30
            timeoutSeconds: 30
          volumeMounts:
            - mountPath: /tmp
              name: tmp-volume
          securityContext:
            allowPrivilegeEscalation: false
            readOnlyRootFilesystem: true
            runAsUser: 1001
            runAsGroup: 2001
      serviceAccountName: kubernetes-dashboard
      nodeSelector:
        "kubernetes.io/os": linux
      # Comment the following tolerations if Dashboard must not be deployed on master
      tolerations:
        - key: node-role.kubernetes.io/master
          effect: NoSchedule
      volumes:
        - name: tmp-volume
          emptyDir: {}
          
EOF

在这里插入图片描述

#部署
kubectl apply -f recommend.yaml
#查看
kubectl get pods -n kubernetes-dashboard -o wide
kubectl get svc -n kubernetes-dashboard -o wide
kubectl describe svc kubernetes-dashboard -n kubernetes-dashboard 

#其他命令：查看所有
#kubectl get svc -A
#其他命令：编辑修改服务(Service)
#kubectl -n kubernetes-dashboard edit svc kubernetes-dashboard

在这里插入图片描述

9.2、配置证书

#查看所有secret
kubectl get secret -A
#删除默认创建的secret
kubectl delete secret kubernetes-dashboard-certs  -n kubernetes-dashboard
#重新创建secret，主要用来指定证书的存放路径
kubectl create secret generic kubernetes-dashboard-certs --from-file=/root/TLS/k8s -n kubernetes-dashboard
#删除dashboard的pod，主要让它重新运行，加载证书
kubectl delete pod -n kubernetes-dashboard --all

（2）创建账户

cat > dashboard-adminuser.yaml << EOF
apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
  name: admin-user
  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard

EOF

cat > dashboard-ClusterRoleBinding.yaml << EOF
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
metadata:
  name: admin-user
roleRef:
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
  kind: ClusterRole
  name: cluster-admin
subjects:
- kind: ServiceAccount
  name: admin-user
  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard

EOF

#创建服务账户
kubectl apply -f dashboard-adminuser.yaml
#创建一个ClusterRoleBinding
kubectl apply -f dashboard-ClusterRoleBinding.yaml

在这里插入图片描述
（3）获取登录token

#获取登录token,token粘贴登录
kubectl -n kubernetes-dashboard describe secret $(kubectl -n kubernetes-dashboard get secret | grep admin-user | awk '{print $1}')

#登录地址(30467暴露NodePort端口)
https://ip:30467/#/login

在这里插入图片描述

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基于二进制方式搭建K8s集群-部署CNI网络和Dashboard

8、部署CNI网络8.1、node节点部署CNI（1）下载地址 https://github.com/containernetworking/plugins/releases/download/v0.8.6/cni-plugins-linux-amd64-v0.8.6.tgz #并将文件拷贝到虚拟机/opt目录；（2）文件准备 #创建文件夹 mkdir /opt/cni/bin #解压文件 tar zxvf cni-plugins-linux-amd64-v0.8.6.tgz -C /
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